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STANDARD FORM NO. 64 ‘ ᾿ Ἰ ἃς \ es
Office ‘Wlemor dum ¢ UNITED «ἢ GOVERNMENT
Yo: _ DIRECTOR, FBI (100-428091) pate; 12/3/59 $f :*
_FROM A sie, CHICAGO (134+46) (Sub Β)
SUBJECT: “sou | aa | RNAL SECURITY - C — —_
σα 5824~S*, on November 23,, 1959, made available ἴο- SA JOHN E, KEATING, for pho stating, : es #1 and #2.0f the etoher 2 59, issue + oe News", These pages contain ‘andi ΤΙΝ Coucernans the’ flight and “Photographs taken by Lunik II{",.
One ΠΡ. copy of this item is enclosed herewith r δι to the Bureau and to the New York Division. The Chicago copy is AL located in Chicago file 134-46-Sub-B - JA (62). |
ἃ. ΓΦ. Bureau (Encl. 1) (REGISTERED) . 1 = New York _ (100-134637) (ΕΒΟῚ: 1) (REGISTERED) 1 - Chicago
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- Top ‘Level Meeting - |
| union τ PAGE. Armenia's Seven Songs: ͵ ΠΥ
SUPREME SOVIET. Ὁ IN SESSION. ESTERDAY, October 27, the current sesslon οἷ: the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R. opened at the’Krem-
in. At separate sessions of botti Chambers the Deputies -adopted the agenda. ἝΝ " ᾿
The Supreme Soviet is tor have also fabled a draft
discuss the draft of the na- tional economic programm, ose “νῷ a
dhe draft of the 1960 state i aie Pr budget of the USSR, and Minister ᾿ Ὁ ἢ Τν 1 the. draft decree on the all-! tion of the intertiational situalion Union budgetary rights and, ἀπ΄ οἱ the Soviet Union’s foreign
on, the similar rights fot every acon has been re ot a oe sale
4 ‘ ‘
“Lani “Historie Photographs
" conformity with the planned
programme of sclentifle research the apparatus aboard the automatic Interplanelary station designed for mg photographs of that part of the Moon invisible fom (he Earth and for subsequently” ransmétting these pictures {o the Earth was switched on af 08.30 hrs. Moscow “Time on October 7,
In order to photograph the Moon, the automatic Interplanetary sta: tion was equipped with a system of | ᾿ Offentailon and photo-televislon ap- paratus with speclal devices for
- dutomatically developing’ the films, |
7 The Ulme tor taking: the photo- graphs was chosen so that the’ sta- tion would be on Its orbit between fhe Moon and the Sun, the latter lighting about 70 per cent of the invisible glde οἱ the Moon, The sta- tion was αἱ ἃ distance of 60-70
thousand “kilometres from the |
Moon's surlace, Switched on by means οἱ a spe- clal command the orientation sys-
fem turned the statlon so that the |.
lens of (he cameta would be point: ed ἰο the reverse side of the Moon and gave ἃ signal for switching on the camera. |
The process of photographing the Moon went on lor about, 40 min. utes, A considerable number of pic- lures of the Moon, In two ~ sizes, was Obtained, = 3 . Treatment of the filmy (develop. ment and fixation) was carried out fufomatically aboard the Interpla- helary slafion, =
"(Continued on page 2) At the Grand Kremlin Patace during the third sesslon of the Supreme Sovlet of the U.S.S.R, fiith convocation,
: Ἶ
from. the Earth, obtained after (he preliininary developmentiof the photographs recelved from aboard the automate interplanetary stallon: 1. Large crater sea with ἃ dlameter of 300 kilometres—the Sea οἱ Moscow: 2, Bay of Astronauts ln the Sea of Moscow; § Continuation of Mare
Australe on the reverse side of the Moon; peak—Tslotkovsky; δ, Crater with central peak—Lomonosov: 8, Cre ter Joltat-Curle; 7, Sovietsky Mountain Ranges 8, Sea of Dreams, The unbroken lne running across the picture ts the lunar equator, The line of dashes shows the border between the parts οἱ the Moon visible and invisible from the Earth, The ἐμαῖς. established with certainty afler the preliminary develepment of the photographs are Surrounded by an unbroken line, The fines of dashes arund varlous spots show thal thelr shape riceds to be ascertained, Dots around objects show that thelr classification js being determined, As regards the remalnder, the treatment of the photographic thaterlal 4s belng continued. Roman figures indicate detalls on the vislble part of the Moon: |—Mare Humboldttanurn: 11—Mare Crislum; 1i~Mare Mar. ginis, with a contituation on the. Invisibte part of ‘the Moon IV= Mare Undarum; V—Mare Smythil, with ἃ continuation on the im visible side οἱ the Moon; Vi—Mare Fecunditatls: Vil—Mare Auge trale, with & continuation on the Invisible slde οἱ the Moon,
4. Crater with central Ὁ
e,- oF
ee oe ie 10 ΨΊΠΌΙ COU ‘ics. The legislative proposals
ΠῚ corimissions of both Chan:
ae
”
ΡΥ Ae) — YETI nei in between the sessions will come
before the Supreme ‘Soviet for en«
dorsement, |
NATIONAL ECONOMY IN 1960
- At the joint meeting of both Chambers of the Supteine Soviet ‘discussion began.on the dralt pro- gramme for the economic develop: ment of the USSR in 1000, The report was détivered’ by Ales xl Kosygln, Deputy Chairman othe Council of Ministers and Chairman of the State Planning Cotnmittee of the [1.5.8 ἢ, The first le οἱ his speech Kosygin devoted ‘To the resulis of the advance made by the tallonal economy in 1959, ἃ target assignments for the first nine months of this year, he. said,
had been substantially exceeded, The successtul, economte’ advance had found immediate reflection’ in ‘the Surther improvement of living standards. In particular this year 80,400,000 ‘i metres of living Space would have been built either -entirely at-slate expense of with ‘the: assistance of : state credits anted to individuals, This set y
+ he:national income would: grow
my
(Continued on page 2).
another 10 per cent, while the teal incomes’ οἱ wage and salary earners would increase by 80. proximately ἃ per cent.
Alexei ose lald pelt emphasis on the fact that-the suc. cessful fulfilment - of this year's prograrnme would create favourable conditions for an even more rapid advancement of the national ‘econ: omy in 1960,
[In 1960 gross industrial output Would be 8.1 per cent up on the current year’s figure, Steel oulput Would amount to practically 65 mil. lon tons. More than 105° miltion tons ‘of iron ore would ‘be ex: tracted. ;
~ Rapid rales of increase had been ‘planned for the chemical “industry a0d.-there would-be a further development of ‘the fuel industry. Oil extfaction would-rise by almost Ὁ IS million tons in 1960°and would ἡ
-
Photo by ¥, AKIMOV
ἢ MOSCOW NEWS, Wednesday, October 18, 1050 «---.....
ΠΥ ΠΝ
revolution had yielded the lllow.
(Continued from page 1)
’ The transmission of the pletures Of the Moon.to the Barth was ef. fected by means of ἃ speclal radio engineering system, Thig system alsa iransmitted the scientific meas. urements, {he delermined cles ments of the orbit, and recelved the commands transinitted from the Earth ἰὸ the interplanetary station, which directed ita work. With the television str it was possible fo:obtain a half-tone picture with high resolving power..
The first pletures of ihe invisible side of the Moon, those obtained as a result of preliminary {reatment, were published:in the Soviet press gn Oclober 27, with the necessary
descriptions, and will subsequently
appear .in sclentifle journals. - The names of the craters, fiioutt- faln ranges and olher delally of the relief of the invisible part of the Moor were given by a com- mission appointed for the purpose by the Academy of Sclences of the USSR, : ‘
The ‘aatomatle: Interplanetary Station-also carrled apparatus for conducting sclentlfle investigation
in interplanetary space. The: results
obtained have been recorded by stations on the Earth and are being sludied.
glanetary station during Its first
The work οἱ ‘the automatic infers
ing results:
The filgtt of a-cosmnie body along ὲ a previously calculated complex ¢
trajectory has been successfully ace ᾿ sie |
complished: os
The problem of giving the neces: ; sary oflentallon to an object In ἢ
space bas been solved;
‘Radlo-telemechanical eommunlea- ὦ {lons have been established and 2
pictures have heen televised over cosmic distances;
Pictures of the reverse side of 3
the Moon, hitherto inaccessible to
investigation, and a mimber of,
other sclentifie results have been obtalned,
ἡ φὰ
"At 2000 brs, on October 27 the
Interplanetary stallon was aver ἃ
polnt on the Earth's surlace 34
West and 6°30’ North, and was at ἃ distance of 484,000 kilometres from the Earth’s centire
eee Uyprovedentd Suientfe Fat
from the moment οἱ its launching —
of the automatic interplanetary sta- ton shows that. It wlll remain in existence {or about six months
and will make [1 of (2 revolutions
round the Earth. After this time the
interplanetary statlon “will enter the dense layers of the Earth's atmosphere and will burn np.
The automatic interplanetary sta- tlon mounted on an assembly slind (photograph), .
δ 1 * Diagram
αἱ the aulomatInferplanetary sation: 1, Window”
͵
' oe Do eo Caine fogs A 6) (2) Ξ va
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ἣ ‘
᾿
τ- ig F
for cameras, 2, Motor of the orientation system, 4° Solar’ | unit, 4, Sectlons of solar battery. δι. Shittlers Of the heat regulation: system. δ, Thermal screens..7. Antennae, 8, Instruments for scientific
: _ Investigation. me ce
Below we carry an abridged version of the editorial in yesler- day's PRAVDA, which was devoted fo another outslanding feat of the conquerors of cosmic space, who bave photographed (he invi- sible side of the Moon,
THANKS to the heroic eflorts of Α΄ the Soviet scientists, designers,
ee engitteers, technicians and workers
who buill the automalic interplanet- ‘aty station, for the first: time in history ~ photographs have been oblained of the reverse side of the Moon, invisible ftom our planet,
An automatic interplanetary sla- tion fas flown round {he Moon and the Eartht: The reverse side of the Moon has been photographed [rom aboard this cosmic laboratory at a
distance aL 65.000 km.!--Pinturen.
conquerors oF {he cosmos, congra: fulaling them on their outstanding success, |
_ The multistage rocket created by the Soviet people pul the Inter- planelary station into ἃ planned orbit and sent it flying round the Moon, Guided from the Earth, the station passed near the Moon, casting a glance at her reverse side, never yet seen by human eye.
A specially designed orientation system adjusted dhe position of the station so thal the Moon's dise was
‘Academy of Sciences.
the commission set up hs Soviet ese have sel a seal on the feats of Soviet
- science and its invaluable contribu .
tion to world scientific thought, .
The large ccaler sea has been called the Sea of Moscow, alter the capital of our motherland, the first socialist. state in the world, which has paved the way 10 the conquest of the cosmos. The Sea of Moscow ᾿ has a Bay of Astronauls, Who ca
“doubt that’ the Moon will be. th
first cosmic body to ani ὃ
cigs travellers? The -craters 8
iolkovsky, Lomonosov, and Joliots Curie perpetuate the memory of the great scientists. Their works have been of (remendous imports afice for the development of stie ence, including {hose branches
i ie era wa an «αν. δον have led today, to. the hes,
SU
Position of the automatic Interplanetary statlon in space tn the pro- cess of photographing the reverse side of the Moon, (Arrows show .
the direction of solar rays.) ᾿ὄ
(Continued from page !)
be 144 million tons. Electricity generation would reach 291,000 ml. lion kwh, ie. ΗΖ. per cent more than this year.
The gross grain. harvest in 1960 should again increase substantial ly. Meat prnduction would also rise.
“We are planning,” Kosygin said, 0 obtain almost 72 million tons of milk, ie. 336 kp. per head of the opulation, as ageinst 330 kg. οὗ: ‘abel jast year’ in the United Stales.”
In the course of next year lhe national income would grow appro-
_ ximately 9 per cent, The programme
for 1960 envisaged the comple: tion of the Iransition to a seven: hour working day for wage and salary earners in all branches of the national economy. .
“Next year,” Kosypin said, “ap: proximately ten million people will move to new flats. It is also ex- pected [Πα] about ane million homes will be built by collective farmers and professional workers in the countryside.
“In 1960, 119,000 engineers are expected [0 graduate from various institutes in the Soviet Union, which is 3.5 times more than the figure for the USA, this year.
“The development of the Soviet
economy,” Kosygin said, “creates fresh opporlunilies lor the expan-
sion of mutually advantageous trading and othet economic rela tions with foreiga countries, In the first two years of the Seven-Year Plan alone the tola! volume οἱ Soviet foreign trade should inctease by 25 percent” -
[η 1960 the Soviel Union, he went
Ue SOVIET W SEIN
on, would give technical assist: ance lo 22 countries for the con- struction of 383 industrial enter. prises and other projects—288 projects to be built with Soviet as- sistance in socialist countries and 95 lo be built in economically underdeveloped countries, | "The initial results of the Seven- Year Plan,” the speaker said, “give us the right lo be sure that the Seven-Year Plan will be fulfiled and substantially exceeded.”
The report on the draft state budget ὴ the U.S.S.R. for 1980 was delivered by Vasily Garbuzoy, the Deputy Minister of Finance. Bud- gel revenue is assessed at more thart 772,000 million roubles and the ex- penditure, almost 745,000 million,
The socialist: economy will yield more {han nine tenths of all. reve: nie. Taxation of the population is being regularly reduced. This year such taxation [rom the population will be 7.8 per cent of the budget while next year it shall be 7.4 per cent, In lhe next few years, all taxes paid by the people will be abolished in the USSR.
The bulk of the budget funds next year will be used for the de- velopment of the national economy and the social and cultural needs of the people. The expenditure for these purposes will te over three- fourths of the budget,
The state budget for 1960, the speaker said, rellects the peaceful policy of the Soviet Government and is designed to give financial backing lo the development of cul- ture and the improvement of the people's wellare.
In the affernoon both Chambers
began debaling the reports al
separate meelings,
have been transmitted to the Earth [rom cosmic infinity! Each of these achievements ig an unprecedented scientific featl The very fact that all this has been accomplished by the Soviet people is quile natural. I! testifies to the unprecedented de- velopment of tiathermatics, mecha- nies, physics, electronics and. ches
mistry in owe country, to the’ achievements cf Soviet . melal-
lurgists, astronomers and represen:
tatives of other branches of science,
our engineers, technicians and workers who have translated theo. retical calculations into the mater
‘ial Jotm ‘of machinery and equlp-
ment, the crowning achievement of man's genius at the present time. It is an expression of the great in- dustrial power of our country, which has succeeded in making the equipment, instruments and mae terials necessary to put the map-
ificent plans inlo practice. It sig:
hifies the indisputable superiority of the Soviet socialist system and graphically shows the whole world
What can be achieved by the crea- |
live, constructive efforts of a peo ple free from the shackles of capitalist oppression,
“Why have the Soviet people been first in the world fo success: lully solvé such a difficult, so truly great a problem as sending a tocket to the Moon,” N; 5, Xhru-
shehov wrote, “in fact a prob- | :
lem: with many unknown quattlilies! This victory was possible because those same Soviel people suc- ceeded, with their own hands, wilh (heir heroic labours, in solving a lremendous social problem within a very short historical period—lhey have built soclalist sociely and are
confidently building Communism." |
The epoch-making achievements of our scientisls, specialists and workers represents a tremendous
victory for the entire Soviet people,
who .are building Communism under the leadership of Lenin's Party, It is, a temarkable contribu. tion to the ‘advancement of world science a8 a whole, Progressive people throughout the world, en- thusiaslically applaud the Soviet
Waki Wb WIM Vi FIR Ὁ ke camera's lens, For 40 minutes, us- ing various lengths of exposure 10 avoid the possibility of error, the
Soviet cosmic photographer tog iy ate : rt ee yc DY: the Soviet “people, who a shots of that side οἱ the Moon νην Communist society. T
hitherto urknowp to us, Aptoma: tie pane apparatus devel- ope
and dried the film on which the invaluable shots had been
taken, Subsequently,-on a com: mand signal from the Earth, ἃ spe. clal: system transmitled the pic: tures of the Moon's surface. Across tremendous expanses running into hundreds of thousands of kilometres the pictures reached the Earth and were received here, 7
Preliminary study of the .firsl photographs of the other shde of {he Moon enables Soviet scientists {0 draw important conclusions con:
cerning peculiarities of her surface.
A further study of the detaits will widen man’s knowledge of how the planets have developed. Even now, however, selenography has been ent. riched with new names endorsed by
ginning of man's conquest of spa around the Sun. The Soviets! Mountain Range will always remis humanity of the feats zecomplishi
Sea of Dreams honours ihe fir Soviet space tocket, which becan lhe first arlificial“ planet. Doest this name signify. tHat the Sovi people are turning.age-old dreat Inlo reality, that we have enten an era. of unprecedented propre In science afd’ engineering, ec nomics and cullure, an era of {ai tales coming true”. -
_ Scientists. estimate thet.(he aut
matic interplanetary station will | flying for six months, subsequent burning up in the dense layers the atmosphere, As for the anpu cedented scientific feat of the Savi people, who have sent space vel cles on daring flights [0 and row the Moon, it will shine forever {i an unfading beacon in the’ histo af exploration into the Infinite nanses of the universe.
Sergey Vasiliev autographs a book of his poems at one of the ca- plial’s bookshops on Poetry Day, (last Sunday). On Poetry Day, established five years ago, poets meet (heir readers, talk to custom ert In the bookshops, give readings οἱ thelr works and speak of thelr . plants for the future,
ἢ f jer
4! Τὺ the “i of an additional $10,000 (ag reported in the attached airtel), this brings the total funds received by the Communist Party, USA, to $263,500,
FD-36.(Rey. 12-13-56)
‘Wr. MeGuire.__ ‘Mr. Μόγις, > Mr.. Parsons:...< j “Mr. Rosen ca Mr. Pars τῇ ance 3 Ms. Q aleve’. [06 Mr. W.2. Sullivan ἰρῖο if Tele. ΠΕ ΎΚΘΒΟΝΝ ΝΞ ‘Mr. Holloman "Miss Gandia ὃ
FBI
Date: 12/9/59:
(Type in plain text or code).
__ REGISTERED ᾿ Priority. or. Method of Mailing?
4 ARTEL Via. . hee . — ΝΕ
Ἰυ γιὸ. : ~“BIRECTOR, FBI (100:428091) HE Pie
47 | FROM : ‘SAC, NEW YORK (100-134637) (415) anak
On 12/9/59, NY 694- εἶ advised SA co ‘that on said dateELIZABETH MASCOLO delivered to him in NYC $10, 000, 00° in $20-and 550 bills. This. money was received by ‘TIM. BUCK £xom the Soviet. ‘Embassy in . Canada for transmittal to the CP, ,USA; ΕΣ
~
The serial numbers on the: abovementioned bills will be checked against ° ‘the List of ‘known currency furnished to Soviet establishments in NYC and. Washington, Ὁ. Co, and the Bureau will be advised of cen ‘positive results: of said
check. Th f a _ | | ap areaye He ἊΝ ΠΣ. ey
ed? > Bureau (100-428091)-(RM) δε ra 1 - | Chicago (134- -46-Sub-B) (INFO) (RM) ᾿ ᾿
L = ΝΥ 134-91 (INV) (415 .. ΕΣ
1 - ‘NY 100-134637+ (SOLO: - FUNDS)(415) .
Sub ἃ.
1 - ΝΥ 100-128861 (cPUSA - FUNDS - RESERVE FUNDS) (415) 7
1 - NY 100-134637 (415)
ACB:msb (415)
(9) ! : TDA fe x |
: fate 397}
4 DEG 10 1969.
DECLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY DERIVED FROM:
FBI AUTOMATIC DECLASSIFICLTIION ΡΙΓΙΙῈ ΝΞ ΞΕ _ a: - _ ee
DATE 06-21-4011
ees Telson : this letter and 118. énclosuro- are classifida υ : Βοιμοοί “sean georet! since thy information qas-obtained from-a highly ‘placed | Nese Ττττ, source and unauthorized disclosure of this information would tend’ Mohr to disclose the identity 6f this source with resultant qrave Ῥσιερηξ τατος damage to t ΜΡ national. ‘dofonseg woe Ὁ ἜΡΡΕΙ, 1959" See, 506. somo Bourigardner to Belmont 12/9/59 captioned - - αἷσι 00m τ τ ᾿ 0 0 “Ὁ JDsmod ‘ ἶ Hee AJD smed
Gamly w=.
| | μ᾽ ὥστ. τ ν΄ Decenbor. 16, 1959 ΤΩ : { < “WIA LIAISON 7 we ΩΣ ς - - Honorable Gordon Gray. ον | i oe ι Special Assistant to. tho Prosident , " Exccutive Office Building | ne Washington 25, Ds Coe. ae oo, Ἦν dear Br, Grays ΝΣ ᾿ . With regard to my Lotter of Deccmber 3, ἮΝ ᾿ 1959, conctrniny Czechoslovakian activities in thé my Unitod States, I thought that the Prosident and you - » τ ~ would bo interested in tho enclosed ncsorandun,. : a This information was obtained as a result. of dur | Cow a
- ᾿ τς Sincerely yours,
ν Beinont. » Baumgardner e Decker
jaison Section
at
OVor-all ‘covoraga of the Communist. Party, USA and — οὖν ee portains to statenonts mado by Gustav Soucek, a
ci
vos é Ι
high-ranking official of the Communist Party of ao i - Czechostovalia. “a az τς od
in view of ‘the extronoly sensitive nature eo /
of cortain of tho sources of dur information, it is. τ" Ξ 7 requested that the contents of this communication 5. Be be afforded the most careful sccurity and its ugo x . restricted to a netd-to-know basis:
Ν ᾿ jf Enclosure ; ;
100-428091 HOTE OU YELLOW: os
pat 3) . { ἢ (ἢ + ; . # panel reoulal Phares aca ἡ - i
7)
3
-
Ί ΤΟ > MP. A. Η, ναί ς "DATE: December 9, L959 j . ον ΄ι . - - ; -Ξ
( FROM = UR, FP, J. BAUMGARDNEX
δ
STANDARD FORM NO, 64 .- = - * a oa 8 uy . ,
ae * . + 8
Office Memorandum * UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
~
Tolson . Ε ey Belmont.) f_§ Ἂ ‘DéLteach J Fulre Mohe Parsons Rosen: Tamm Trotter . W.C. Sullivan — Tele. Rhom
SUBJECT: C0 - BERNAL SECURITY - ©
ν᾿ |
in connection with. the most. recent Solo operation, of 2 Placed informant, CG 5824-3, had the opportunity to converse ἃ length | with Gustav Soucek, head of the Internationa] Department of the Central Committee of the Comnuni st Party of Czechoslovakia. The conversation
took place in Prague, Czechoslovakta on 11-7-59 and the details were furnished to the Bureau by Chicago letter 12-1-59.
. Soucek advised the informant that the Communist Parties of Czechoslovakia and the USA should strive for closer contacts but the contacts must. be. carefully considered and secure. Information of a general nature could be exchanged through Czechoslovakian news, agencies. However, other contacts could best be handled. through clandestine meets
. a
tn Prague. and occasional contacts in U.S.
_ Soucek said ds a result of defection 7-25-59 of Lieutenant
Cobonel Frantisek Tisler, former Czechoslovakian military attache in the U.S., the former contacts in the U.S. with the Communist, Party (CP), USA, have been "spoiled" and all previous contacts have-been broken. Tisler's defection has resulted in Czechoslovakia making hard and sweeping changes whech will tnclude changing entire personnel in Czechoslovakian Embassy tin U.S, he new Czechoslovakian ambassador, Miloslau Ruzek,, has been instructed to change the methods of contacts with members of CPUSA and
ν '
to use tilegal .channels only when absolutely necessary.
Informant entered into a tentative agreemént with Soucek ] {to have CPUSA send representative to Czechoslovakia following CPU OA
contention 12/10-13/59 to -arrange for improved contacts between ἐ and the Czechoslovakians, This CPUSA representative will also take up
|some” problems with the Chinese representative on "World Marzrist Review" jand will travel to the Soviet Union for contacts with the Russians, Ce 582 45:85 suggeste that his brother, our other top informant, NY 694-8,
By SUDA we -
‘be utilized for this assignment. Soucek is very much interested in the exchange” of trade=union and cultural delegations between Czechoslovakia and the U-S. and noted that the Czechoslovakia General Council’ of Trade~
‘Untons has many contacts in the U.S. and hopes to enlarge its contacts
and extend its influence in. this country. ~ Soucek noted that 3,000 Americans, mostly of Czechoslovakian :or Slovak descent, utsited Prague Enclosures ALPE 2,27, aay “ ates ᾿ πον Ὶ ) 100-428091 (fee 4 Ὁ δ᾽ “lo, /bd οὐ ΠΣ Ss 2
2.“ Ur. Belmont” ΩΝ ye « Κις Afoy/-& ἀν Ὁ f | 1 - ur, BaungardneG®? “B® 7 VEG: a ay! ad : 1. - Mr. Decke rAV et 10 DEC 14: 1989 =I is -
a . = 7
Ὁ ὁ
Memorandum to Mr. Belmont RE: SOLO 100~-42809]
af
during the past year, He said certain of these individuals changed thetr opinion of Czechoslovakia and of socialism and the ΟΡ of Czechoslovakia is able to utilize these tndividuals for propaganda purposes. He noted that Czechoslovakia Embassy officials in the U.S. have made contacts with Czechoslovakians presently residing in this country
and have had contact with Anton Krehmarek, chairman of the Ohto District, CPUSA. Soucek desires to have non-~¢P members in the U.S. promote Czechoslovakian =- American cultural exchange and added that Czechoslovakian groups traveling abroad are used to make broad mass contacts and not
Just contacts with GP members,
ὲ
kegarding Czechoslovakian internal affairs, Soucek satd there has been an increase of 11 per cent in production during the first 10 months of 1959. However, agricultural production has not been increasing fast enough and. he blamed the situation on the fact thatithe farms are small. Czechoslovakia will attempt to push cooperative and collective farn movements to step up farm production, He said a big problem facing Czechoslovakia ts convincing its people that increased productivity must be used for greater capital investments and not merely to tncrease the standard of lituing,
Concerning the Czechoslovakian revolutton, Soucek stated, "You do not know how close American imperialiam came to dominating Czechoslovakia tn 1948, However, we beat them because we had good relations with all strata of our population."
Soucek pledged support of CP of Gzechoslovakta in tnternattonal caonpatgn against the persecution of communists in the U.S. but opined that this campaign would be more effective tf started in capitazist countries. |
OBSERVATIONS»
Despite the defection of Lieutenant Colonel Frantisek Tisler and the reorganization of the Czechoslovakian Embassy in the U.S. the tenor of Soucek's statements would indicate that Czechoslovakian activities in the U.S., specifically contacts with the CPUSA, will continue. However, the contacts will be most carefully prepared and
| undertaken on a most clandestine basis. There is a very good possibility | that our informant, NY 694-85, wil] be selectéd by the CPUSA to travel to Prague for contacts with the Czechoslovakians and Chinese following the CPUSA convention and quite likely to Moscow. This would enable us to obtain addittonal details concerning the plans and activities of the CPs of these countries,
᾿ ὄ Μ 7. fe, * Ν
Memorandum to Mr. Belmont RE: SOLO 100-428091
The information developed by our tnformant concerning Czechoslovakian activities with the exception of the possible travel of the CPUSA representative to Prague following the CPUSA convention should be brought to the attention of high-ranking U.S. officials attributed to our over-all coverage of the CPUSA to afford additional security to our informant,
ACTION ἃ
There are attached for your approval appropriate communications incorporating pertinent data furnished by this informant. If you agree, these communications with a "Top Secret" classification will be furnished to the Honorable Richard. M. Nixon® the Vice President; Honorable Gordon Gray, SpectaZ Assistant to the President; Honorable Christian A. Herter, The Secretary of State; Mr. Allen W. Dulles, Director, Centra] Intelligence Agency; and to the Attorney. General.
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Reurlet 12-8659 “
ΤῈ te desired that you forvard to ‘the Bureau one copy each of tke eight panph2é ts ard publications outlined in urlet.
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wb ~ μὰ . f fe | | Office Memorandum + ΟΝΙΤΕΡ states GOVERNMENT
DIRECTOR, FBI- (100-428091) DATE: 12/3/59
SAC, CHICAGO (134-46).Sub B)
CG 5824-Sk, on November 23, 1959, orally furnished to SA JOHN E, KEATING the information on the following pages. This report pertains to an unofficial trade union. delegation from Chicago which was in Moscow, Russia, in October, 1959,
2.4 Bureau (REGISTERED) | 1 = New York (1.00-134637,) (SOLO) (REGISTERED) 1 - Chicago | . )
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wah eg Ἷ DELEGATION E107 το ee
, “RUSSIA In OCTOEER
After tho return of NORRIS CHILDS to Moscow, hus ia, ΝΗ ὩΣ, ΓΝ Ἐξ Peking, ΤῈ on or about Octobor 17, 1959, ΝΎΚΟΙ 2 Gad of tho Nort and..South -Anorican.fection of. the Tntorns teonat Do orient πω εν Committec,of.the-Connunist- Party..of, th Soviet Union.(CPsi), and his aspistant, ALEKSEi GRECHUKHIN, atated Ἷ ‘thoy would like to: provide sono entortaincent— τῇ t 2a, ‘Ovening hours for CHILDS and his wife; howevor, in view of the. Bre τ, ΑΝ fact that in a day or two Sone ἘΔ claiming to bho trade La
union representatives, wera. duc 1) Woscaw, porhaps it would bo inadvisable for CHILDS to accidentally run into this group. Tho reason for this boing that if CHILDS was scon in Moscoyv, someone fron the United States might suspect. that he was on.somo mission rather than on a visit, Thus, a chance neoting cae ἂν πος CaILDS* pecurity. inte ie
fe. ΟΝ
inouiee 3 about tho group within hours after tho arrival of the Group. in Moscow. GRECHUKHIN stated that. since the Anorican Embassy Showed curiosity concerning this group, it night algo be curious ~ about CHILDS, if ke were seon with the group. CHILDS. stated that : ho was as anxious as the CPSU to avoid meeting with these poople in Oscow,
On tho cyening of October 21, » 1959, NORRIS. CHILDS and | his wife had been givon tickets to. sce Suan’ Lake" at. the Bolshoi Theatro, A young wonon translator, whose first name ig OLGA, aecompanied CHILDS and his wife. A young Russian, who spoke English, and German and who was accompanying an unknown leader of ~ the Communist Party of West Germany, also rode in the same car with CHILDS: and his wifo and OLGA to the. theatre.
Jl « debe atthe theatre, CHILDS noticed although they did not see oither and his wifo immediately left the
| thontre,
| Subsequently, CHILDS conplained to GRECHUKHIN that the security axrangenonts for hin wore not too woll ΖΕ
_ “πα 0 7, ' | ᾿ | “ " vege
πὰς eed
GRECHUKELN explained that this, group was tho guest of some Ruse sian trado unions and not tke guost of tho CPSU. Howover, in the . future, the CPSU would check on the itinerary of this group.
Later, CHILDS was 4nformed that y in.
Moscow_and ngrad,; oxcept | since bé wighdd to visit. some rolativos in Kharkov. CHILDS bic IN that[{_______ is a nonbor in good standing .
in tho Communist Party.< USA, and that he is to be trusted and. should be given good treatment. GRECHUKHIN replicd that thoy would bo tronted fairly..
- GRECHUKHIN also askéd CHILDS about RALPI TURNER. ‘CHILDS stated that TURNER is not an official delegate of the Communist Party - USA. Ue oxplained that ELMER JOXNSON organized the trip for this group without obtaining the permission of the Communist Party of Illinois, which fools that this trip will make it dizfi-~- | cult to select a broadoy group for a sinilar trip in the future. CHILDS statod that. TURNER was supposéd to be carrying ἃ lettor | #rom the Chairman of tho Illinois District of the Communist. Party = USA, stating that ho is a ‘gonber. of the National Comnittce of the Communist Party ~ USA,’ GRECHUKHIN stated that. TURNER had said that he was 111 and was having trouble with his eyes. Furthor, ‘he: would not object. if he wore givon sone financial aid in ordor to get back to the United States. CHILDS repliod that 2 decision in. this nattor would liave to be made by the CPEU, |
y ἊΝ Of “Mom@indion | UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT - | J ᾿
DIRECTOR. ΕΒῚ (100438661) ~ DATE: 12/2/59". 7 _ ὅλον CHICAGO. (134-46)(Sub BY ΝΥ ῈῈ -» ᾿ Η ; " ᾿ , : - + : ᾿ | ~ } “ ᾿" ᾿ ~ SUByECT: Csouo ts | nt | ne oF SECURITY. - Ὁ ΝΕ re _ of : ΝΞ - R@ Chiéago airtel. dated November 19, 1959;. and’ re Bulet’ Ὁ -
. ἅν
> dated November 27, 1959. . oo. τς ΝΣ Ν ΠΕ Referenced Bulet refers to patigraph ; #1, “page ¥8, ΕΣ referenced Chicago airtel and, in particular,. to. the ‘statement in . regard to two. united fronts. and. that "such an international united
_ front never existed in history before, but it “does now." Further, 6 Ὁ the last. ‘sentence in this paragraph makes reference to Latin yy - America, _ . .
‘=
. “Sl On December ἃ, 1989, SA. JOHN Es KEATING discussed this ἢ ee with CG 5824~S*, And’ ‘the comments ΟΣ. . the: informant appear} on the-following page: :
ἢ oe ureau (REGISiERED) - me - Chicago ᾿ το, ἢ ᾿
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--
stated: "Whon you speak of the united - “ HOWICEsan two united fronts: (1) ax intornal united front; and (2) an internationnl united front",
he was usiny the lexicon of the Comminist Party and was spenking
in 5. genoral, théordétical, and not a concrote, sense.
It ig the thoory of tho. international Communist conspir= _ acy thot there is an objective united front or unity or similarity. of purpose botweon the Socialist countrics, the people in the colonial or somi-colonial countries, who are trying to uchievo independence, and the. opprogsed pooples in tke Capitalist countries, such as the working classes or in regard to the United States, the ᾿ working classes ard the Neqrods, All of those have ond common nin, and that is to fight tho imperialists. This is a character-
istic. of the present world situdtion and the relation of forces in the. world. .
| fo bo more. specific, Latin Arerice is Jeoked upon by the interrational Communist movonont as a group of colonial countries dominatod by the United Statos, The Cuban ‘zevolution ig regarded ‘as. boing aimed at Asorican inporidlign, Since the working clase in tho. United Statos is. oppressed, thosc rosponsible for the Cuban revolution are. objoctivoly tho allies of the working ‘elass in the United States. As they fight imporialism fron Cuba, so tho working class should fi¢ht ronopoly Capitalism, which is. iuporialism, in the United States. They aro alliog becauso, in . the struggio, they weaken. American. inperinlisn,.
. LIU Shao-chi, was not spoaking in the conerote sense thot united fronts as: such are. in existence.
!. This roporter ‘knows oi no such united fronts in existence | “ot th μοι peo resont tino. ports of the meotings with
_ANIBALVE ESCALANTE and Ut is. toa be noted that “aH TatersAnorican co Ongross against inporlalisn is
under corsidoration, Furtkor, that it is possible that somo North Arorican. progressives or antleinperialists, who would be synpathotic ‘to tho ains of tkoso Latin. Anorican countries ad they may be statod at such 2 congress, might bo invited to attend. Thoro nipht be sone σου νη smong ‘thoge so-called prosronsive Noxth Azorican. invitees.
Thia 16. ‘the only conerate thing that is known at the presont tine, oxcopt for tho fact that tho Communist Party - USA does -have some relationship with: some Communist Partios in Latin
Anori¢a. fe Be «ὁ BY
: Hovovor, this is nota united front, as such. It io o fvaternal rolationship, which is ἃ part of the intornetional Cone runist conspiracy, whereby oro Communist Party 1s associated with. othor Communist Partics -on a world-wide scale,
N%
PRCLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY DERIVED FROM: FEL AUTOMATIC DECLASSIFICATION CUTE
DATE oF-us-coll ) ω
᾿ . ‘
IKP—S: i ἃ - Hr. Belmont _. ' : ~lr, Baumgardner : ᾿ 1 «= Mr. Decker
1 ~ Liaison Section
LDeconser 10; 1959 VIA Ltatsor,. 4 {2 «᾿ 4
. 4 Α yw 7 wt . yt: ' Honorabic Christian A. Dertor mw oe ὁ ΜῊΝ . . she Socrotary of State ‘ (ron wa Se ” Washington, D. Ὁς τ “ \ _ ᾿ liy door Ur, Lerter: - = With rogard to my Lotter of Decezbor 3, 1959 _ @dticorning Czechoslovakien activitios in the Uiited States,
1 thought you would bo intorosted in the enclosed memoranduri. This, inforriation was obtained as a result of our ovor-all — “Goverage of-the Coruniat Party, USA, and pdrtains to statcuonts made by Gustav Soucek, a high-ranking official
of the Comumist Party of Czechoslovakia, | Lo }
dn vicyw of the oxtremoly sensitive nature of τ
cortain of the sources of our information, it is requested
that tho contents of this comzmication bo afforded the
Most caroful security nnd its uso restricted to a netd-ti. F
‘Imoyw basis, . oe “a
Sinceroly yours,
ae ὃ, 100-428091 coy / ξ ποι voto: ee he eee | _ This letter and its enclosure ard classif i. ρον ττ, te —Geeret! since tho information was obtained froma hi ois τυραν 7 ὍΝ source and unauthorized disclosure of this infornation Ὡς 1. δ Ἄρτα Ἰοίοα., ἘἙΘΠΩ to disclose the identity of this source with resultant a
τ΄
aren =~~gyave damage to the national defense,
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O Office Memorandum ¢ UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
SON sImont - DeLoadt___
McGuire — ς Mohr . Parsons
TO : THE DIRECTOR DATE: 12/11/59
oson .____._, Tamm Trotter κὶἢ -
W.C. Sullivan — In accordance with Mr. Tolson's memorandum of 12/10, we have Tog. Roos revised the letter to the Vice President concerning information gathered by our informant from communist sources in Czechoslov restrict the letter to one page.
Athenee
I recognize that the Vice President is a very busy man, and(fhere is & natural tendency for high officials to be reluctant to read a letter or communication of more than a page or two. I feel I would be remiss, how- ever, if I did not point out that during his recent trip to Russia and China our informant, based on targets’ we gave him, talked to top communist leaders in Russia, China, Czechoslovakia, Spain, Argentina, Cuba and Japan. Inasmuch as the Communist Party runs the government in Russia, China and Czechoslovakia, the information gathered by our informant represents the top policy. of ‘those countries, not expressed for public consumption, but the inner thoughts aS expressed from one top communist to another,
While communists do not control the other countries, the information represents the planning of the communists in those countries, and as such is simply not available to US Government officials from any other source-- a fact admitted by, CIA. As in the instances of the other countries above mentioned, the information from Gustav Soucek, head of the International Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of CzechdsYovakia pertained only in small part to relations with the CP of the US, buts dealt largely with the policies of the communy sts in running Czechoslovak: “* the | problems they have encountered, and the’ strength of the communist control \ of the country. To me, this appears to be information of extreme value to
the policy makers of our country, of a type which would avidly be consumed by our policy makers,
Bécause of the highly unusual nature of the information, and’ its extreme value, coupled with the delicacy of our source, we have restricted dissemination to the top level in government. In so doing we have consoli-. dated the heavy volume of information furnished by our informant into meaty concentrated memoranda, I know of no other information we have been able to collect and disseminate which exceeds or even comes up to the qualit
of the information furnished as a result of the recent trip of this informant
719 ᾿ Ν 2 — AOU 5 DECAY 1959 ὅς ἀν 00K gad?
_ Perhaps we could accomplish both objectives, namely to present a concise one-page picture, and also furnish the additfonit& ikiratmiation, by making the cover letter ἃ one-page summary, and attaching the four-page meno: randum as anenclosure in the event the Vice President-wants to™remd it. If
you agree with this, we will re-do the attached letter to show the four- page memorandum as an attachment.
|
ETASOARD FORM ΝΟ. 4 »
Office Memotondum NITED STATES GOVERNMENT
TO : MR. A. He BELMONT? | DATE: 12410=59 " Talson Belmont Mohr ͵ τ = Parsons SUBJECT: Rosen ——_ an Trott a Ivan .. As you know, we recently dissentnated information Holloman
developed by the Bureau's highly sensittve source, who was in Peking, Red China, and. who conferred with several foreign top Ccomnunt st officiais. You may be interested tn the followtng eo comments which were made.‘to Agent Papi ch by ΟἿΑ offiectals. |
On 12=8-59 Allen Dulles referred to the information as - hetng "terrific." He was extremely interested in the tnformation i furntshed concerning the Japanese Communist Party and he has found that the comments of the Red Chinese offictals are being most helpful in analyzing the current Soviet Npeace ful coextatence line.”
Jemes Angleton, CIA, referréd £6 the information as betng extremely valuable. He pointed out that the information will fill Several gaps tn current foretgn intelligence coverage.
Γ 1 a former Bureau Agent, who ts now ἃ ΟἿΑ eee specialist on communist activities in Latin America, described the _ Bureau tnfornant's information as béing "Sensattonal.” comments are particularly significant since he definitely is a wéll- informed individugl and has been d.keen student of developments in South America. ee ated that some of the information emanating from the Bureau tnformant- ‘was entirely néw,. and other information was ! ns substantiating previous reports received from sources of unknown reliabilitys He commented that the Bureau's information now makes tt much easier to evaluate certain developments.
| Tl; commented in apparent stneerity that the informagign concerning the Communt st. Party of Spain was probably the best developed data for the past year. He vimplied that ΟἿΑ and other agenctes have
not been able “to come Up. with any really good information concerning . \develapments within the Spanish: Communis Party. -
CLION: None.” For your information. eT )
(6) ns
I = Mr. Belmont ἽΝ 1“ Ur, Baungardner er fi δας 1 = Mrs. Decker
L” = Liaison Δ «ἔν, Papich
_ orth O5DEC 18 1959
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| 4) . The. Attgrney General ΝΕ ᾿ . Decenber 85 1959 Director, FBI
COMMUNIST PARTY» USK. - INTREVATIONAL RELATIONS : INTERUAL SECURIIY = G |.
oe | In reference to our conversation: on γ: - " - Decenber 8, 1959,. I have. Tepvteued the information _ that I have previotsly furnished to you concerning contacts of the Soulets with the Communist Party, USA. The material which has been. incorporated im our previous © memoranda was obtained from @ high=level informant and if this information was: used publ tcl tt Could result ta exposing: our infornant. ΝΕ
However, there is attached a nenorandun. containing information concerning the tie=in of the , Communist Party, USdy with the international comnunist ~- consptracys the reaction of Connunt at Party, USA; ᾿ - leaders to peaceful coéxtstence and the atepped-up
activity on the part of connuntst parties tn ἫΝ Latin American. couneries wht ch you may deatre ta use. -
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December 8, 1959
GOMMONTST PARTY, USA, AND ITS RELATPTON.
iy 10 THE INTERWATIONAL COMMON IST COUSPIRACY
7 ᾿ς πα November, 1959, tasue of the "World Harriet Reuiew," the theorettcad journal of internattonal aomnuntan
published tn. Prague, Czechoslovakia, contained an article = - —-
by δ. Ilytchou entitled "Péaceful Co~etiatence and ‘the Struggle of Pwo Ideologies." The following excerpt from. thts authoritattye connunist journal peveals the actual theoretical baais of pédcaful dbextatence and tts real: - Reantrig to the freé worlds . |
“Apart from the struggle tn the political and economic: “Spheresenwhtch, aocording to the Comnunists; should develop in the form of peaceful adeexistence, ta the form of peaceful competition, there ts also the struggle tn the sphere af tdeology+=a najor factor in the deyelop~ mént of soctety, : ΝΣ
The Comnuntsts have always fought and wtli continue to Sight for their ideas, for the revolutionary tdeology
of the working claas.as the most advanced and prograasivs tdsology of qur tines, _ — ἘΣ
᾿ το "ynereas tn the aphepea of poitéics it te possible andN = _hegessary within reasonable Limits to take into Ga cous ὯΝ the point of view of ‘the opponent (otherwise negotiatrons would be out of the queation. aince the object of thers Latter ts to find points of contact and rapprochement betueen the standpoints) and wheresa in the econonia aphere donoessions are likewise natural (on a πόμα basis, of dourse), concésstons which tn the final analysts benefit the two parttées; Τὸ would be utterly wrong to tnagine that tn exchenge for concesstona in Polttical and. econonie yelations the aoctalist atate
66}.
a ος reconetling ideologies and abandoning principls E77, DoLouch McGulte aes
that normalisation of internattonal relations depends on. ff
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mould make concesatons in the sphere of tdeolagy, to think —
ΞΕ Despite Soviet advocady of an ostensible “peace froné;” ‘there has beén no Zetup in Red subverston. fo the contrary, the Souvtet Union's much heraided "peaceful coertstéence” Conpatgn has opened the door for foratgnedirectdéd eaptonage om an accelerated scale. To the Soutets, this slogan 18 nerely a tactical expedient clearly désigned to ézpand ~ international communtsm's capabilities for espionage ‘and subverston.. Experience has taught the bitter truth that never. Should we be more alert than when comnuntet powers - olodk their drive for world dontnatton behind appeasement ΄ ' polteiea, There is little doubt that the increasing pressure. of foretonedirected esptonage activity will continue with added enphasia por an indefinite future period,
εν Next to subversion ttself, the greatest danger thts Country can face te an euversgrowing national disregard Jor realittes evidenced by an attitude thot our way of Life 78 80 well entrenched that nothing need be done to protect tt. This doctrine tnducés a dangerous apathy. We cannot
᾿
afford, to accept it,
oday, the trteruationdl cgnnuntst conspiracy which ts clearly the greatest menace free civiztzation has. ever known ta organized tn quer 70 aduntries throughout the world, Connuntst. parties have. cone into control in 17 of these countries,’ Thé communist controlled or domindted areas. comprise: gine-fourth-of the land atec πὰ approxinately. one-third of the inhabitants on the face of the globe. Even tm nonconnuntst nations, there dre almost four nillion Communist Party members dédicated ‘to the overthrow of their existing governments. The Gamnunist Party of the United Statea t& ἃ vital dink in this world-wide consptracy.s The Connunist- Party, USA, utilizes elaborate security measures to concéal tts operations and vigorously promotes front groups as. well as other concealed outlets for a. furtherance of téa. clandéatine pursuits; It Should be kept tn pind at all. tines that the seriousness of the domestic threat from a Soutet dominated Communist Party in the United States ta in direct proportion to the world threat posed by tta masters in the Soviet Unton. The fact that the Communist Party; USA, ts ἃ part of the | tuternetionazl covmuntat conspiracy directed by the Savtet Ontan was made abundantly clear by the presence of two Comnuntat Party, USA, functionartes aa offletal delegates to the 21st Congreas of the Conruntat Party of the Soutet Unton held in ifoscouw, Russia, during Jangary and. Pebruary, 1989,
fhe Connunist Party, USA, approachéa its 17th National Cohvention scheduled for Decenbet 10*13;,. 1959, with renewed optinisn forthe futures It has Succeeded in.
weeding out disatdent groups fron within tts ranks and ἐ8
Solidly behind the Soutet Union, There are atrong indi cattons tnat the Communist Party, USA; will raft ὦ new constitution: based on democratic centralisn. which will assure thet ¢éntrol will rest fully with the leadership which is in line with the Marci ateLeninist theory followed, by the Comnuntsat Party of “
| the Sovtet Imion, In the futures, πὸ disaent by the rank ;
and file will be tolerated. The. Communist Party, USA, — unfailingly follows the. ine enanating from the Connuntat Party of the Soviet Union, -
αν tn December, 1959, a. top-ranking offitctalZ
| of the Connuntst Party, USd4, bitterly ca’tigatéd lesser.
Comnunt st Party officials for pursuing the line that the anti~
monopoly coal ttton is ott of date, that. the cold war ts over and that the Connuntak Party's matin. task-is to worg for peace. He - steted tn ho uncertain terme that the dlass war wflT not subside.
Oop weaken, that the antinonopoly epalition is not outmoded
and that the cold war has hot endeds He ezplained that, the proper tactic for the Comuunist Party. in the Gnited States ts to mabtlize the peoplé and to. cédmpel the United States Government to reach an understanding. with the Soviet Unton and. with dther soctaliat countries under terna dictated by | Soviet Rusaita,. ΕΣ ΕΝ ᾿ __ . fhe Gomnuntst Party; UGA, has, however, recognized that Xhruaheheu's stren call for péaceful coexistence and -
-disarnanent présénted ah unprectdented opportunity fon tt
to seizé upon these tasuee as propagarda to create for the Communtst Party a false air gf respectability and legality. in recent weeks, leading Connuntat Party menbess, hdve voiced
which wiZl endble thé Gonnuntat Party to succéssfulZy expand
the belies that Khrushchev!s ling has éreatéed ahi atmosphere
_té9 fecrittnent program aid aubstanttally. increase tts activities ἐπ all of tta fields of subversion, .
ὌΝ Despite statenénts by Khrushchey and Iikoyan. that the Soutets have no: contact with and é@merctse no control over
the comnuntst parties of other countrigs, the connunist parties
in Lotin American countries have with the approval of the Souteta stepped up thetr-actiutttes designed to infiltrate
n@as organizations and to promgtée demonstrations againat the United Statea, This ts particulariy true in cuba where the Communist Party hag been making rapid inroads in tts efforts ta tnfil¢rate the Cuban Cabinet and has fer all practical purposes
gained sontrol of the Arned Forcés and the poltcé agencies.
ἌΝ,
* " * -- δ € Ν - ‘ . - = ae
co ᾿ς φωνξω . | » ᾿ ᾿ τὸς ᾿ : 7 6 ; τι . " ᾿ ; a «Office Memotandum » “UNITED STATES. GOVERNMENT :
DIRECTOR ; FBI (100428091) ἘΞ “pares. ᾿ 11/30/89
ες _ ᾿ . a ἡ
_ “7 θιβοις N. sac, σατόλαο:, (134-46) (5 BY) ΄Ὁ 6 -
“SA JOHN E,. KEATING ‘the following ‘tens, which are being ‘engroséd herewith to ‘the “Bureau: | . ww. Ὁ
, -. . Β
- : al ~ ΝΕ (1). x ook in, Giiinese which contad aina\oroductton -- Ν statistic ES
nas. tits book was. used as" 5 i ᾿ς πῇ
τ ~ “Refexénce ὈΥΜΏΙ, ΕΞ ΘΒ, ;Wice-Prémier of the ἕ SL > ΟΕ ΠΥ Τ δα δας f whe, Neate. Planning τε CoaaTeSIon, at
~at nee rin Se eking China, on. or. ORGIES Sepreiber’30,- :
ὌΝΟΝ τς (ohis” noone was attended only by- ‘Seading weMbers” 27 ,
| CG. 5824-5, on November 29, 1959, made avilable’ bo . " “of Conmunist, Party delegations. to the 10th Anniversary. _~, ~ ‘ | |
“Suing -.celebrition ‘of the. founding of the People's Republic of -- \%\n ὁ “China. ἢ Diving. the meeting, the Heads of the delegations Sige! "ἢ sarenrorerncectroms Other Conminist Parties asked if they could be given ag AAT δ᾽ ὯΝ a copy of the book, In a day or’ ‘tO this copy was 7 NBs Sy _ delivered: to CG 5824-8*,, ας ‘ aaa
wok - The Bureau may- wish t6: translate this, book, Whether οὐ Sane .
ee “ot. this: is done, it is. ‘requested ‘that the.:-book be. returned, to. δ): Ae ey Chicago- Division as .sdon as, the Bureau ,is- finishédwith At;. iso. that. it cai be. returned to CG 5824-S* in thé event*that ‘he may have_to. produce Ὁ δὲ somé ‘time or another” or exhi bet it’ to mem- τ bers: of the, Communist Party -~ ὍΒΑ.. τοῦς, τιν ἫΝ ne . = i (2) A brochure eéncerning: the House. of Wational- ye a “ities, . which ‘has:-recently been constructed in. Peking. ., | This building is not yet.open to the public, y
aot
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It is. also requested that. this ‘item ‘be returned ‘to ‘the: Chicago Division for ‘CG 58 ae as soon” as’ the Bureau is. through.
| wi th At. py 0 awe αἵ ent ἡ, νὰν τας: ad | - ede τ phe : a πον reau” Gace. 3
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DECLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY DERIVED FROM: " FEI AUTOMATIC DECLASSIFICATION GUIDE GF-ZOll
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LY ¢ Allen We pathos Director
Central Intelligence ancy Adminiatration Bulle ing O50 5 Strects fly Fre kaohington ody Dy Ce
| Dear Allene
ΤΣ by
ὦ thought that you would be interested in thie enclosed photographie copy of a book written in the Chindee. language wrich was obtained as «a reault Of dur over-all coverage « Of the Communist Party, Wade
os ~ eer iBeb Pie econonte and pete ber ie ee ὦ pa oO - Led China for the last ten yeuras = “τὶ "Ὁ --, In. view. of the gxtrenely cent feive ,Pature of τὶ 3 certain of the courcea of our information, it ἐδ Mo .» | waquedted thet thin communication end ita enclocure 14S ye ‘he afforded the most careful uecurity and tis use - τὸς reatrteted td a necd~tomknow δασΐδι 3 on
=
Vinedrelys
NOTE ON YELLOW: This letter is classified "Sap “Secree” inasmuch as the above-described hook was obtained from a highly placed source and unauthorized disclosuré wauld tend to disclose the identity of the Prelomure | sgt with resultant grave danger to the national
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τς STANDARD Fors NO. 64 © Q . ᾿ Ω. ΟΞ
y Office Memdrandum + UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT.
DIRECTOR, FBI (200-428091) DATE: 12/7/59
7 ΥΩ ἌΝ CHICAGO (194-46 Sub Β)΄ ᾿ CZ.
_ SUBJECT: . τ oo" -& nA
a CG 5824-S* on December 2, 1959, orally furnished to SA JOHN E, KEATING the information on the following pages, This report pertains to a question and answer session between Communist Party delegates to the 10th Anniversary Celebration of the. Founding of the People's Republic of China and LI Fu-chun, Vice Premier pe and Director’ of State Planning in China, ΟΝ
{ik Pre) HHS ; a ureau ' (AM) (RM) vo
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Question and Answer Session Between Communist Party Dolegates to the 10th Anniversary Celebration of the Founding of the People's Ropublic of China and - GI Fuechun, Vice Prenier and Director
. of State Planning in Chi na (V & αν ge
On September 30, 1959, delegates fron other Connunist. Parties in Poking, China for the 10th Anniversary Celebration of the Founding of the People’s Republic of China, were invited to - listen to a report Bg\LI Fu-chun, Vice Premier and Director of — State Planning in ΟΕ τα “chun Is“aIso ἃ nember of the Conalttec ΣΟΥ ΤΩΝ olitical Eureau-of the Communist Party of China, This mecting was chaired BY SHANG, Chin-hsi ng, Head ς of, the the Intornational Liaison Dopartuent “δὲ Ἔκ Coamanat Party” of —China,”” This mecting was held in the old Hall of the People's “~ Congress in Poking.
LI Fu-chun's. report concerns statistics in regard to production 4{n China. Hé sed as the basis for his report a book printed in Chingse, Delegatos from the other-Comnunist Partics asked if they might be given a GOpy of this book. In ἃ day or
_ two, copies of the book were made ayailable to the heads of the delegations from other Communist Parties, and this book has been submitted separately,
The following are questions asked of Li Fuechun by. ; various. delegates and his answers to these questions,
Question: When tens of thousands of people were mobilized for transportation, distribution, etc., during the period of the big drive to produce stocl in small furnaces throughout CHina, did this advance affect production in other fioida?
Answor: -Nine million people were. mobilized in the drive to produce wore steol, Yes, this drive did adversely affect harvest Work, This was. due to the fact. that we lacked experience in Organizing mass work on such ἃ Jarge scale.
Question: When the demands. on the market are increased due, to highor standards, why is it incorrect, as the Rightists poy, (to call it disproportion? _ .. Answor: Last year agricultural production increascd. 25%, . Light industry production by 34%, and the purchasing power of the people by 12%. ‘Therefore, the picture as a whole shows development ‘in good proportion, For thé sort period thera was a strain on_the
“αὐταί — 536.
ENCLOSURE ,
»-""“
market morely in regard to. eggs, pork, and vegetables. The lack
of proper arrangements and experiences wore responsible for this short strain, We did not ostimate that the peasants in the Cozmunes would cat more moat and vegetables. If each peasant
seats one additional pound of pork, five hundred thousand: additional
tons of poxk aro needed’ to cupply this demand, There are 5,5;:pérsons in the countryside to every one in the city. If tlie people in the countryside cat a little bit more thon the. peoplo in the city got less, However, πὸ discovered this last March and we are now pro~ ducing αὶ lot moro agricultural products on the outskirts of the citids so this question is béing solved. ‘This is difforont fron - the staterents of the Rightists that thore ig “total disproportion
in the econony"',
Question: Tow do you encourage private sapttad to join. socialist. construction?
. Answer? The main thing is that thore should be no conflict between private capital and socialist construction. Prior to 1957, we wont. through two stages in regard to private eapitalists. The third stage consists of restricting, controlling; and reforming thes, The Governnent made contracts with and supervised thea. Thoy must “ abide by the laws. ΟΣ tha state. Yet wo guaranteed then certain profits, In 1957, woe ontered ἃ higher stago through the movencnt
to turn private capital into joint state-private entorprises, Prior to 1956, wo had givon private: capital fixed interest. Now private - capital takes part in the joint state~-private onterprises, The
Communist Party calls. this the "Policy of Redeaption™. It has
cost 20,000 million yen for redeaption, and it will cost another 10,000. nillion yen to completo redenption,
Politically and ideolor sically wo strugglo apainst. the . : Rightists and the bourgeoisie. We severely criticize then, Therefore, there ig a bitter struggle with the remnants of the capitalist class. In 1957, wa transformed private capital into joint state-private ontorprisos. Then the Rightists opened an offensive against us,
Economically private capital has: been changed, The private | -capitalists do get fixed intorost. Ideologically and politically
the private capitalists still have influences. This’ ideological a
‘struggle will be prolonged ΒΟ the world outlook bourgeoisie τ 111
be changed, .
At the present tine thin. idoology of the bourgeoisie can be placed into three categories, One category is the Left and it is willing to follow the Communist Party, but this category is emall
in number, THe majority of the bourgeoisie aro in ἃ middle category.
_ of the bourgeoiaic..
᾿ the liberation?
| oppor tints?
' entire Party. In this ‘way we reduce their Influence. and isolate
A
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‘They dray fixed interest oach year. They take part in the joint state-private enterprises and thoy got. salarios, ‘Tho third category- opposes socialism: and are Rightists and obstructionists. After the — campaign: of 1957, this Rightist section was isolated. The Right opportunists: in the Cosmunist Party of: China are few in number, . They nafisct the class origin of the bourgesisie and are the spokes- - nentfor the Rourgedisie within the Comaunist Party, When these Right opportunists oppose the. leap forward, they are on tho side
Question: What are tho differences and sindlarities between the Right opportunists who dre in the Communist Party of China now and: thoso whe | wore in the Consiunist. Party of Ching beforo.
Auswer: Before the 1Aboratdon, Right opportunicn expressed itself in the method ‘of combating the bourgeois domocratic. revolu- tion. - That is, to stop the bourgeois democratic revolution. halfe way iistead of carrying ἀν through to. the end ahd developing. it into 2 proletarian revolution, The class origin of the Right .
_ opportunists is the same now ag it was dn the past. ‘Today, howover,. wo are. carrying forvard the socialist revolution.. Tho Right opportufists oppose this. They’ want to slow it down. If wd do: not clininate bourgeois thinking, this would be a setback'-for tho socialist revolution,
» China 48 a country of poverty and backwardness, ‘Byentat noriol speed it will take ohe hundred yoars to. turn Ching into a . modern industrial, cultural ‘Chind., The Chinese laboring people are: eagor to rapidly change. China, ‘The. big population and the heip _ from the other socialist countrids can speéd the development. . The general Line. of the Comiunist Party reflecting the desire of the people to speed up. socialist construction has, the support of the people. ‘This 4s respérsible for the great loap forwerd. The Right Oppor'tunists are opposed to this and want to βίου, the advance of socialicn, 11 wo do not push ahead we will fall back to capitalisn. | The Right ‘Opportunists, bofore and after liberation, sre a reflec- — ‘tion, of bourgeoig. ideology at two different stages of development.
Quostions What hothods and moans re-used ‘to fight Right
_ Answer:. Pint of all, wo. étiticize the Right opportunints. We point out” their class, historical origin. ‘Through. vigorous criticiea of the Right opportunists we make things clear to. the
the Right opportunists. Howover , organizationally: we treat then with leniency. This. is. because of the dual charactér of the Right oppor tuniata. In the past, they made a contribution to the
ἔι ὦ 3 ὦ
revolution, Wo try to encourage their aspirations for socialism.
ches we See if they change, If they do not, then we help. then to ‘change, .
Question: pid Left deviations endrgd in tho ‘party? OE,
’ Answer: Yes, cone bert. tendenéies did emerge in the last three: years, For instance, there was overconcentration, There was - Also a tendency toward cqualitarianisn in the. distribution in the Comuunes, Again, the unrealistic targets before May, 1959, reflect: Left tondencies; Howover, these Left tendencies were different . fron Right opportunism since they did not. affect thé general line, could Gasily be corrected ‘and did not affect the tretid of the revolution, The-struggle agains t Right opportunisn. is a struggle |
" ᾿Π to decide which road ‘to follow. The issue is socialism or not, _ Boclalisn,
L
Question: What, foreign trade does China carry on? _
a Answer: We carry of foreign trade with “Aumerous countries “ut with’ sauality and mutual nadvantagé. Some countries are-still not - Ce Willing to carry of trade with China, ΜΟΒῈ of our imports. are from | ey » the ‘socialist countries, Most of our 611 comes from socialist ~ countries, bit. we do- gat sone oi], from: Indonesia, We have αὶ
shortage and’ neéd rubber axd will Bet it fron Sduthetst, Asia,
In short, as we develop socialist we will be better prepared for
. foreign trade. As. a result. of thehelp from the socialist countries, δ do not noed to beg.
i
STANDARD FORM NO. δὲ .*
Office MemPendum - "UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT TO : DIRECTOR; FBI (100-428091) pate: 12/4/59 PHP ὼς M % SAC, CHICAGO (134-46) (Sub B):
ὯΝ
. Re Chicago airtel dated November 16, 1959, setting forth information from CG 5824-S* concerni meeting: in Moscow, Russia,,- with an unidentified ‘person called Comrade. PETER",
During November, 1959, the chotographs of the following were exhibited, with negative results, to CG 5824-S* in an effort to identify -"Comrade PETER":
_PETR AB? LIE το EV. OR EVICHXGETULYAR. pene e_IVANOVICE SYA
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B5DEC17 1959
DECLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY DEBIVED FROM: FEI AUTOMATIC DECLASSIFICATION CuUIDE DATE O?7-O05-2011
3 Deceinbey 24, 2959 | | , , VIA LIAISO! 4h Vet . D pe be ME peo τ “onprable Christian As Uerter γι {yr \" 7 Line Secretary of State . wh 74 ὍΝ
hashingtong De Ce
ify dear Ur. Herter?
I thought that you wuld be interested in the enclosed photographic copy of ἃ book written in the Chinese danjuage which was obtained aa a result of our over-all coverage of the Commmnigt Party, USA.
a " Tris book, which ts entttled "The Gre ὁ fen Years. (Statistica of Economic ant Cultural Achievenent)., " Raa, ubl ished by the People's Publication Agency of the Peers o ΞαραδΣ ic ΟἹ διιῖπα ΟΣ, epuenber iy L953, and
θς 6 ¢conenic and cultural achievementa o led China for the last ten yeares- 7
; In blew Of the extremely aenaitive nature Ὁ certain of the sources of aur information, Zé te 7 “" requcated thet this communication and tts enclosure be Τὶ...
-Offorded the most careful security and tts uce-pegt totad is ": f . ω €a2 7 ro Sa aot . ὅσ @ necd-to-know basige, rt Ξ ee | . mee | | fH ΕΝ "ἢ Ὁ | ι. Sincerely yours, ἘΠῚ Ἱ a f 3 ow. t |
!
_ “Becret” inasmuch as the above-described book was obtained from a highly placed source and unauthor?:,
NOTE ON YELLOW: his. letter is classified "SoS Pa |
_Bneloaure disclosure would tend to disclose the identity of o¢°- the source, with resultant grave danger to the ndélann’y: ‘) aefense. ? (
' at 1
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1, Office Memo mndum UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT mn |} DIRECTOR, FBI (100-428092) ᾿ pare: 12/1/59
CHICAGO (13446) (Sub B) ὁ
fERNAL SECURITY - C
j 4 Re Chicago: letter dated November 23, 1959, containing information from CG 5824-S* concerning ‘a meeting with GUSTAV :
Uf witiee head of the International Department of the Central Com- er.
nittee:-of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia,
Ms ~ CG 5824-S*, on November 25, 1959, orally furnished to el, SA JOHN E, KEATING the information on the following pages, This (If Ss
isa more complete report of the. meeting with SOUCEK,
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_exclosoe 55 DEC Ὧν 1959.
TEETING CESTVEEN ΠΌΣΗΣ CHIIOS,; OF THE comms NIST PARTY - USA, AND GUSTAV COUCEK AND LADISLAV KOCHAMN, OF TI? INTORNATIOUAL DEPART LENT OF ΤῊΣ CBNTRAL COWSITTOE OF TR ἃ CORUEST . ἃ PARTY OF CZECTOSLOVAREA yt ane
nies Sod ΠΟΙ βίος of Novonbor 7, 1959, MORRIS CHELNS nat nae : with GUST. CEK, Koad of tho Intornatioual Dopartnont of tho: eat ttoo ‘of the Coxsunist Party | ‘of Czcchéziovakia, ~~" ἊΣ VAN, of tha camo dopartnon}, “alto participated in thin A se has the foltlowirs” mailing address: | Ae aT ya. f.#
4 Lids ᾿ LADISIAV ΚΟΟΚΑΙ | ΛΔ δος Ὥς iat ΟΝ Peele Staal jE aa is f é. Probe, | § Ca Ay re
This meting ‘began. with. ronarhs ‘by ΠΡ. Be talked about the proparations by tho. Comunist Party «USA for its 17th National Cohvontion. Lo aloo discussed the current economic snd political situations in tho United States. Io thon gavo ἃ brick
-@nalycis of tho results of the visit of NIKITA KGRUSECEEV to the United Ctates. Ὁ
Aftor thnatine omnis for this in¥ornation, SOuCEE | ntatéd that KENDRYCH (phonoti¢), of tho Contral Committad of tho - Commnigt Party of Czechoslovakia, wanted to moot with CHILDS s
but ko was quite 111 and was. not in Prague, oe
SOUCER. said; Wo uncorstard the difficulties connected { with Communist Party work in ‘tho Ustted States. Your circirstancost. aro diffordnt than, those in many otker countrios. You kaye to - make contact with the masts. LON often spose of tho danrord of soctarianism, You are corroct in trying to braak away fron” your isolation fren the maccos.
Noxt, COUCSK. stated, Your Party and our Party should ptrive for elosor contacts. Our contacts noed improvenont, They ᾿ pave io not boon of the vory best. Not dyarything nocda ta go through SV cont ta σαν, Thoro ip no rcacon why co=o Party rattors cnnnot bo” cont to ow: Party koro or fron our Party to your Party throuch a ἱ rows πόθον, ἴο mado come nistaked in tho fast. Sono quostions ‘concorning -the Uaited States wore takon up and sont throuch our | | Embassy dn tha United States and that was wrong.
284- tileY ~ 434
1 [NCLosurg
__. _ Then COUCEE atated that ko would like the σοσξ 5 Ὁ
Party «- USA to expross itsolf or would liko tho leadorchip of the: Cozsunist Party < USA to yonder an opinion on tho propaganda. . wnich tho σου δ Party of Czeckoalbyaizia iscuon Lor consunption in the United States. Wo said that cuch an opinicn should be -- transmitted to the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia throuch tho XSntornational Department of the Comcuniat Party - USA and should
᾿ bo confidontial. Yow must bo the judsq ag to whotkor our propa-
. | anda ruatorigi for tho Unitad States: 25 good ox bad.
- | COUCEK thon montioned the Czechoslovakian Gonoral Coun~ cil of Jrade Unions. Eo caid that it has ΣΌΣ contacts-in tha nitod States, but 1t, intends to onlargo ita. contacts in tho United
Statos, Some threo yoars azo; ceze trado union delozatos fron tho Vaited States visited, Czechogloyakia, Seno in this dclexydtion wore " of Czcchosloyakian origin, cCOUCKK atated tht ho πόρου that the Gonoral Council of Trade Unions will -onlargo its contacts: and
ΐ oxtord its inflvonca in the United. States, _ _. .,. #hon SOUCEK stated, Wo havo owt Pailhorronic Orchestra, trpyolling. It hos beon ‘to. Australia nnd to othor countrios, and ᾿ς is rocoivirg. 2 geod woleoto. Thia will inpravo contacts with i those countries, Co stated that this symphoay orckestra would bo . Jt willing to necopt an invitation to tho Ynited. States, and acked if ᾿ς Δ this would kolp to. bottor United States. « Ccochoslovatkian, tolation- ‘ships, CHILDS roplitd that Lt yould. ΜΝ wl Jt Noxt, SOvUCLR guzcgoated the possibilities of oxehahsos. - _ lof trade ‘inion dolegetions botwoon thé United States and Czechodle~ αὐ Avobia. To otatdd that a large nisibor of international footings aro hold in Pracuo. In particular, thoro ard a lot of trado miion moetings in comdction with tkoWorld Fedération 62 Trade Uniors. χοῦ, Arorican trado unionists yory rarely cozd to Prague. Eo com | fontod that porhaps thoro can ὈῸ “ἴα oxchanza of trado unioa colo | . _pations botwoon tho United States. and Capcheatoyaliy in tho Zuture. ᾿ . . . A Cf, Σῦρε. σ ΩΝ : ᾿ ΠῚ At thie point, βού pakcdiet CHILD know about poopla wno kad boon in Pages a Σὸν dayd earlioy and had clained to bd 2 trade union sblo“ation, (Thisute ἃ refororco to! the group woich includ CHILDS otated that those, poople™ave-rsudors. of tho Cosnuntst Party Ὁ UCA and nay have carried sono "crodontial" from thoir respective trade union locals, but tho official trade union ravongnt in thd United States doos not favoz tha oxchango of official trado union - delogations botwoen thé United States and the Socialist countriés fit the prosént tine. . "
i nxt CHELDS know about tho
ἔ t> 3
‘Thon -COUCEK. otated that Czéckoolovatia has Ὁ Sspotind institution for thé eprdadiny of intoxrnational contacts and rola~. tonships. ΤΣ distitution “Gontires cultural oxchanrzcs with
if [pong Form of oxchange, Last year, thrao thoysdnd Anoricans, nostiy of Czcchosloyaiian and SLoyak deceent, μων" PRAZUD. war
loxt,, SOUCREK discussed tho question. of ostleet ta | United States with formby Ceéchosloyakian citizonsa, To ΡΟ Ὰ that: ko kad nontiondd tho bad relationship whidh dovoloped bocausd of tho way tho Czockosdlovakian Enbagsy an ‘the United Staton One taoted formor Czcechodlovatiansd whi , penned BS
νι 2 ξηὺ Party = USA, Eo said that
Chicazo, ray havo qione boyond ‘bor PAGS visits of forror Czcchotloyakinns to Cz nechoslovalsda. τοῦ, tho
Communist Party - UDA should undorstind that Ccochoslovakia wants ~
‘to have. friendly rolationshipa and contact with formor -Czcchosle- vallons and Slovaks who ara pow rosiding in the πλοῦ States.
€urup8 said that oe kad gone boyond the ccdpo ‘Of hor- authority, She peddlod in tho arrargomonts for this dolo~
| ' ° fatioh of trado unionists who had Just ‘boon in Prague. Sho did -. χοῦ havé the authority of oithory tho Commuidat Party — USA oz the τὸς ThLlingls District of tha Communist Party + UIA. to dg this, |
SOUCEK Admittdd that Czcchosioydkia would not Have |. recolvod this proup unless. Lt had boon informed in sdvanco: by _.- HELEN YRAESL that thoy wanted to visit Prague:
CUILDS stated that has boon ronovod reer tho Stato Cotnlttoa of tho Illinois District of the όσα Ὁ ty ~ USA, and hos alco boon romoyod fron tha AllvSlay Comnittoa. CUIEDS. said. that throssh tho Caockeslovalian Enbicay, ont rany poodlo ta Coochaglovalia: fox yidito, but did not discuss any of this with the AlI-Slay Comittos,. COVUCRE adnittod that VRADIL ) hid ono too far, but stated, You rust. boar with yd whon wo have
contact with formor Czockoslovakian citizons.
ι During thig digéyssion, OUCEK riontionod that. Czechoslo-= valsinn diplexati¢ pornonnel in thé United States had alcsd beon in contact with ANTEOT -CHARER ΟΣ SUCIAREE and his. daughtor.,.
ΜΙ͂ΝΝΝ Noxt, “poten atated See SOOT doe ‘thoro wore thougands of visitors Yin Cacchdaloyaliig, last γοῦν. Thode poopla υπό to Czechoslovakian το κ with 811 kings 6f projudicés, ‘Thoy oxpocted to.cse¢d tha ekurches. . γ ἀοσύχονοῦ,. 811 perdozal and real property taken ovor by the Stato, rs ‘ete, τοῦ, whon thoy arvivod hora, thoy caw thé treasures intact..
jf thoy. seo ail the food ih tke stores, They σοῦ that all of the ~~. | people nro living woll. We ovdn had sono bankers. of Czechoslovakian
descont as visitors. . They word arazed-at our benking facilities 6 and tho. fact that wo kayo. oo fow bink guards, " . :
Continuinz, SOUCBK stated, Wo wint “these people. to comd
to: Czochosiovakia, Sono. of thom ro-visit thoir home. towns., Thoy ‘Conpard the. presdut conditions with wint they word thirty yoard _ ὅσο, Thon thoy chante thoir opinions of Czochosiovakia and Secini~ . oa, Tho Connunist Party of Czochoslovakia can utilice thoso: — travellers gor propaganda purposdd. Thon he onphasizod that thd egtablishiny of contacts and: tho arranging for tourists to go. fron - tha United States. to Czochoglovdkia can.bo dono logally, It has . to be dono Asgally; becauso. Caéchosloyakia wants ‘to improvo its
\prelationship with the United Statos, 7 ee
. SOUCEK sezd that ῥα acts in tho United States Wa hayo ‘broken all contact. «cLSHTEH{phonotic) joingd the “éneny'. —. and has asked the United Statds State Dopartmont for asylum, This, defection has caucod us to make havd and syoopine s MLOSLA A
-., Whth tho Communist Party = USA ez0%no good. They haye ‘béon: spoiled,
hayo-a new. Ambassador in the. United BStatés; Comrade, MILOSLAY/TUZEK. “ἴα, in a. yory capable comrade and diplomat. Ho ig polis to dio Tho. Gntire pérsonne];. Eo is going to tighten up. “Eo has also
ἡ beon instructed, to change the contacts with mombora of the Comme nist Party ~ USA, His'instructions are to uso tha ὉΔῚ ἸΟΡΑΊ channois" only when absolutely necossary.. ΠΣ -
(Paronthotically sponkiny, 38 18. bolidved that soticnic
— [fee ες only to contacts with nonbors of thé Communist Party Ὁ
f
" USA: in tho United States. Thus, tho torm "illegal" would rogor Ὁ to £hd subject matter of tha contact. For oxanplo, δ "Lecat.
= ontact" would be one in which a nombér of the Communist Party -
' UDA was contacted morely to arrange for somcone An tho United
4
. Btates to take 2 trip to Cacchoslovakia for. porsoral toasong.— ᾿ horeforo, it ig ποὺ bolievod that SOUCEK was. reforring to any .
|pintelligoned oF LlLogal agints whick Czéshoslovakia may heve in,
tho United Statos) ς
a οὐ ‘Thon-ROUCEK said, to nocd. "ΟΕ chennola",' Ye μαναὰ ἐσ - Work out tho uso. of thesd "legal" channold, -In rozard to inforna-. tion, it is. πόνος Why can't. information be sént to tho United
ν΄ ξιοιοα το Cacchodlovakia and froa the, United States to Czocho-~
Slovakia as news, We cord our pross rolerasos to bourgeois nowi- papors, We can also ποιὰ thon to the Communist Party + USA Bo thoy can use thom, The Czechoslovakian Infornatioa Aponcy. cannot cond
: ow bw
: ) Dat: anything without our Isiowiny about Δεν, Information in xogard =~ “ to genoral doyolopsents. of the cconony in Czechéslovakia can bed) dle, cont ‘to the Communist Party = ὍΒΑ. through tho nows agonedos. ρον δ
: μαι | ani _ Phen SOWCER said, I yal-prosont τοι som of our trad6™ YO) - ve bha a ri ΣΝ κε Ύ ΟῚ 1 a ἐ λό τ γ΄ PO aii of Chicazo), ESOUCEK stated, Thoy 20cm to think that it is possibla to cond nord trade unionists to Czechosloyatia idgally.. .
f 4, _- _. CHILDS ropliod that the Trada Union Coxaission of tho. ff Communist Party «- USA is working on this and that Comrade IRVING “47 POFASI.is in chargo of this comission, SOUCEX stated, ὙΓΈΠΟΥ ας
᾿ "Comrade. POTASH vory woll.. Giyo hin my wart personal regards. Tko - | prado Union Commission of the Communist Party - USA te in good | hands, . ος
γ. Next, COUCEK otatod, flo liavo to inprove contacts botwoon . the Communist Party «ΕΔ, and tha Comminist Party of Czcchosloyakia. | Vio haye to do it caréfully and lay 2 solid basis for it. Thoro Should bo no improvisation, Think thia question ovor., Maybo you , 211 tava com propédals for direct contact. Wo nust think of . p/Sone: way ‘to oxchange Znfornation on mitudl problems, Maybo the ἢ host rothod would ‘bo to haye a contact in Prague and ak oecasisnel | contact inthe Unitod States. Keop in mind, however, that those , things aro dangorous, In view of tho re-organization of. the ἢ Enbassy in tho United Statos, it. would ho nocoscadry to carefully ‘consider any contrct in the United Statos, πὸ again stated that. ho Believes that Comrade HILOSIAY RUZEK will do 2 good jo in tho United States, Uo ropeated that if would be woll to keop in mind that thore can bo no inproyisatioa, in ,rogard to a contact botwoon the Communist. Party + USA and the Comuinist Party of Caeckoslovakia
| in tho United -Statos..
| At this point, CHILDS stated that pérhand sohotine after {the 17th Notional Convention in Decenheor, 1959, the Commmnist Party» YEA cay send a. xyopreséntative t6 Pragte and possibly to [| Uoccov. Furtherx, tha Communist Party « USA has som problons to take up with tho Com=unist Party of China, and the Chinose. profer. | that, tho Cozmsunist Party « USA.do this through a Chinere comrade ou the "World Marxist Review", CHILDS sald that at that tine the Communist Party ~ USA might-meke come sutpentions for improved con- tact bétweon the Communist Party “ USA and tho Communist: Party of Czechoslovakia, SOUCEK said that this pian sounded. roaconnbic,
“5 «ὦ
ἱν
fi
|
CHILDS thon, stated that if phic sopronobtatite of tio ; Comninist Party «- USA (posoibly JACZACHILDS): mikes 4 trip to - | Praguo, ho. will probably travak-undoretitozat cixvcucstances, sivico bo will carry mitorial which requires. cccurity, ‘CHILDS δοκοῦ, WiLL thig comrade bo introduced to thd Chines α cosvado and will bis trip to Koscow bo oxpodited?
SOUCEK xoplied, Wo will do ovorything you dsl, Wo want ta inproyo our contact,.
: Hoxt, SOUCEK talldd nbout RURUSECERY "a visit to. the
‘United States. No said that while it will not bo pdcsibie to.
wopoat cuch ἃ visit at such.2 ldvel, Czochoslovakin also wants to: inprove rolstionships with tko United Stator,
SOUCEK again xroforrod to tho fact that Czochoslovakia hag _Varilous groups trnvolliny abroid, 1 onid that a. Caechodloyakian eLreug Was in Japan, and that thirty thousand poople havo. Soon Ats - performantes there. Such thincs résult in good will, and are, “Andiroctiy ; propaganda. Tho Phi Lbsronic Orckostra créated food ~ WilL im India, Durma, ond Australia, acain wondored if such 2 visit by such’ a group to the United Staton 3 would haip United Stated « Czechoslovakian rolationships, Again, SOUCEK utatod that
| ho wants thé leadership of tho Comunist Party - USA to study tho
Czdchosloyskinn moans and mothodg of propaganda fron tho stand- point of whathor this matorial ig influoncing anyord, Ho algo stunted that ho would liko any advico in rogard to non-Communist Party nonbers in the Unitod States who vould bo intorestéd in pro-
{ noting Czcchoslovakidn~Amoricean cultural éxchanyzos,
|
i
Vv
|
Thon LOUCRE stated that when thé Czechoslovakian circus vio in Tokyo, Japan, tho porfornorg violated instructions nnd made & sectarian nistake. Tioy joined in tho celebration of tke anni~ | vorsary of thé Comuiiist Party of Japan, While the Japancse com xades ‘approciatéd this, wo thought that. it was ἃ nistake. Wo do not want to yopoat this nidtake in othor countries. In rozard to- cultural ezchanzeg, wo aro thinkiny of broad mass contacts and not just contacts with conrades in other countrids. The oxchanze of oducational croups and sclentific grouys would help United Stated ~ Czechoslovakian rolationships, Το have no personality who can do weet. NIKITA KENUSHCHDEY did in tko United States. and, in any event, KERUSECHEY's visit canyvot bo xyopoatad,
Noxt, SOUCEK dtatod; I ought to talk to you Bhout our situation in Czechoslovalin, ‘I will join you for Lunch in order to continue tho discussion.
Ἵ
In coseluding this phase of tho diseussion, SOUCEK, urged that tho Comiumist Party of Czechoslovakia be oupplicd with nord information on tha défonse ὁ tho "loval rights" of. the Com © muniot Party ~ UGA, ΣῸ also stated that ko thinks that thia inter-
| national conpaign for Jocality for the United States should start.
in Capitalist, countriog, oven thouwth the Communist Party of ‘Czecho=
/ Sloyakia is withing | to do ite Stara in tho canpaicn.
Later, COUCEK and KOCMAIN joined HOQRIG and SYLVIA CHILDS - Zor lunch in the hotol whith tho Comutnist Party of CzochosLovakia usod for roprosentatives of othor Communist Partics who are in Prague. During the oponiny conversation, SOUCEK stated that, ho had ‘boon tho ‘Ccochoslovakien AmSacaador to. Frances, SOUCEX dresses. woll and 2 yory businesteliko, fo stated that originally. ho ¥ad ἃ Coal oinor and was active in the trndo union noyomont, lator, bo was traindd in diplomacy and. thon bocare tho kenad of tho international Dopartront of tho Communist Party of Czochosls-
vakin. Alesgetin | τ GIP Sather
SOUCRK talked: about ᾿ ΤΑΙ i, PATTERSON. Ea paid, "ΠῚ Comradé PATTERSON ‘ged hia wifothat-thoy-can como to Czochosiovalzid. and can spond threo. ox four wodks in Czdchoslovakia. This docision ig difforont from tho docision τῆλ was mado Garliey in the year, Wo do not. want well knowi Communists from thé Unitod States to take. up: residence. in Czochoslovakia, since wa are teyAnd to dnproyo: rolationshipa with tho Ynited Statog. .
souceK thon asked 1:2 CuILDS Jmoy that: PATTEREOW had cent & docusont 62 tho Noyro quettion to the. Czechoslovakian Enbassy in tho United Stated, CHILDS ropliod that ho know this and also _ know that PATTSREO} kad dono At without authority from tho Leador~: ship of the Communist Party = USA, CHIEIDS seid that ho alco know.
= =
-- 5 oe | ieee
that PATTERSON hed eoked: the. Ceachosloyakian Embassy Zor pone money Without duthority frou the Coxiunist Party «Ὁ DOA, SOUCEE - ‘roplied, Thosd Bre tka yory things wa wore thinking about. Mary . . ‘of these, things haye beon handiod carolossly in our Eubassy in. the United States” up to ‘now.
. Ἐὰν» ον, SOPCSK talked about tho ΣΝ in Czecho- slovakia, Es said that thoro has boon a real rapid inprovoriont in tho ocononle conditions, Ecouoiic production incrozsod by 12% in - Ἶ the first ton months of this γοῦν, What is roodad now Δ to solve tho upgricultural situation. While it has bodn inproviny ptondily; it ia not improving fast onoush. Czechoslovakia has some diffi- eultics in the fact that tho fares arco divided into drnll plots of Innd, and this is. not yory officient or economical, Thoroford, |
en -
.
=
Czochoolovakia will try to push co-operative and colloctive farn.
nevenents on a cdlentific basis, It will also try to stop up pro=- duction of acricultural rachinory and fortilizors, It will also
J |step ap tho introduction of powor and electricity on tho ΣΑΣ,
7 Thon COuCEK atatod, You haya boon to China, Did you visit mny comunos? If cso; vhat do you think? CHILDS roplicd, in a vosoryéd mannor, that ho bad visited a Couple of commmes: bat notzsed what ho could say. sinca ho had not yisited enoyuch com
| munes to bo able to mako an opinion or Jjudzoront,.
a
ή
. τὰ
ithe population that oyor-dating is not good. Our poople ort teo
: beck meat aid Yat.
FD-36 (Rev. 12-13-56) Ὁ ΝΣ
i] Date: 12/9/59 Tr
smit the following in
(Type in plain text.or code)
Via AITRTEL AIR MAIL ~- REGISTERED: (Priority or Method of Mailing}
ee ee ee ee ee Le TO : DIRECTOR, FBI (100-428091) FROM (CS CHICAGO (134~46) (Sub B) SUBJECT :\_ SO
ERNAL SECURITY - C
Re Bureau airtel dated 12/7/59,
Interviews in connection with the most recent "SOLO" | operation have been completed, and seven items are in the pro- | cess of dictation. These concern the following subject matter:
(1) Information concerning] 6 6Φ6ῸὃὮὃἢὃ
(2) Meeting with representatives of the Foreign Literature Department of the Soviet Union.
(3) Information pertaining to MANYA REISS.
(4) Information pertaining to Υ, J, JEROME and fv HERSHEL MEYER,
5) Information pertaining to DC ___—_____] ‘and Lo] of Pariss FRANCS:
(6) Meeting in Prague, Czechoslovakia, with some of the Editors of the "World Marxist Review".
4 (7) Information pertaining to a trip to Nanking i and Shanghai, China, and two meetings held in Shanghai
concerning underground operations. of the Communist Party of China prior to the revolution,
Po Bureau Ο. REC- 11 Jet=tafeU -& 98
“i ao ee “EX.138 16 DEC 11 1959 J ‘6 yi ἘΠ ον ρον Ae, Ζ | - Sent π΄ li - Per Py. 2 Special Agent in Ch arge
99 DEC 187955
FD-36 (Rev.. 12-13-56) pe Ν oe CO ©
FBI
Date:
a παπᾶ, eee eee πα
Transmit the following in
(Type in plain-text or cade)
(Priority or Method of Mailing) © Ι
CG 134-46 (Sub B)
The first six of the above-listed items will be sub- mitted by the Chicago Division: on 12/9/59, Item #7 consists of approximately fifteen pages, and will be submitted on 12/10/59,
CG 5824-S* is presently in New York City. Upon his return to Chicago, he will be asked to again review his notes; however, as of the present time he has advised that he has
completed furnishing information concerning the third "SOLO" trip.
LOPEZ
Approved: 2 Sent NC MSO Special Agent in Charge
στανολδο FORM 16,64 ‘Office Mens andum πὴ UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
v
ty > MR. A. ΕΗ. BELMONT | DATE: December 8, 1959 Tolgon wE ᾿ ΚΘ Sot ; an ( FROM : YP, PL J. ssoveanmsstt " MeGutre (a) Mohr Parsons sunpect- org | | ad ᾿ς. ΝΡΕΝΑΙ, SECURITY - ὃ we Mawar Ὁ. Room Gandy
_ Reference ts made to. the Director's memorandum 12-359 and my memorandum 12@-4-59, both of which are attached. Jn accordance with the Director's instructions, we have carefully reviewed: the material we have recetved as a result of the tnfornant!s. most recent trip to the Soviet Unton and Red China as well as recent information we have recetued. through our coverage of the Communist Party. USA, .and'-a memorandum has been prepared which should be.of assistance. to the Attorney General in making public statements concerning the Commun tet Party, USA, and ta? ties with international commun ism. _ Lo | YE
Thi-s memo randun guote's from an article which. appéarea in the IZ-59 tsaue of the “World Marxist Reutew; "the theorétical journal of _internattonal communism, whi totes that in the field of tdeology, Wort can never be peaceful coeristence between socialism and capitalism
and_that—the communists will continue.to fight for the revolutionary tdealo ‘of the. workin class ond wild mare no. concessions in the sphere
of ideology. oR, | ns:
This nemorandum. also includes information: whi ch.appeared tn the Director's. testimony before the House. Subconnittee on Appropriations on February 5, 1959, in which the Director pointed out the danger of an ΕΞ ‘attitude on the part of the public, the increase in foreign-
directed esptonage activity, and the, tre-in of the Communist Party, (CP) USA, WEG h: -the intemattional. communist cone Be Τὸ ws noted that on 12-5~59/Gus ΜΗ who wtll undoubted be the next general “secretary of 57s, castigated GP members who have been taken in by Khrushcheu's* line and potnted out that the class struggle ΟἿΣ continue unabated, that antimonopoly coalition ts not outmoded and the cold:'war has not ended... He advocated that the CP. mobilize the people to. compel the United States Government to reach an agreenent with the Soutet Union. Phe CPUSA has, of course, seized upon. Khrushcheu's St tements as propaganda issues to create an atmosphere. under which nist Party can pursue tts subversive Purposes.
racy.
| Wal vis)
Enc losur ets he Ρ “R -Ρ τς 100-426091 δὲ ΒΕ 4 fa pf a Ye 1 - Mr. Belmont ~ WES ey, pee
lL ~- Hr. Baumgardner
1 = Ur. Decker X13 ne 16 1989 AJD: ned LA- (4) rer - —
aot : —OSDECI8 i959 69Θι ΙΝ a
]RAgS ὁ
Memorandum to Hr. Belmont RE: SOLO 100-428091
Despite statements by Khrushcheu and Mikoyan that the Soutets have no contact with and exercise no control over other communist parties, our informant determined during hig last trip to Russia and China that the communist parties tn. Latin—dmerica_oauntrigs have with
Souseg approval stepped u ant2attons—-an tO pronoye Ant t~eAme Het Ai OemMon § tn Cuba-has been particularily successful. Ié_kas
Cabinet and has control over the Cuban Armed Forces and
olitce agencies,
ACTION:
wenn Ὁ 9 --- ye Office Memorandum + ontrep sTATES GOVERNMENT
Ἶ 00 : Mr. A. H. Belmont DATE: December ἐν “ee
olsoh- :
, . : 1 = Mr. Belmont Gd: am PROM : EF, J. Ba 3 1 = Mr. Baumgardner Me
. ‘ 1. - Mr. Decker Mohs
Parsons
SUBJECT Osorno τς VA Tene Trotter
NAL SECURITY - G _ W.C. Sullivaa
Tele. Room —_
Ι ' Gdhdy Reference is made to the Director's memorandum 12-5 SRST attached, woting that the Attorney General had inquired concerning the possibility. of his publicly making statements along the line of the -
reports we have been sending to him ‘on the contacts. of the Soviets with the Communist ‘Party (CP), USA.
_. the reports referred to by the Attorney General contained information developed by ον» ‘top informant, CG ooh -S , during his recent extensive visit to the Soviet Union and Red China. As the Director
| has indicated, the material which we incorporated in our memoranda to the Attorney General has come from our top-level informant, is of a highly delicate nature and has been disseminated only to high-ranking Government officials, under a "36p Secret" classification.
| ἮΝ We are examining the material from the 5015 operations
ἘΝ and such? other material as ‘we:may, have to determine what intornd eo
“sis available which can be uged by the Attorney General. It has océtirred
to us that an excellent vehicle to provide information along these lines
may be the national convention of the CP, USA, schéduled for
December 10-13, 1959. If it is possible. to wait until the conclusion.
of this convention, our problem of providing material to the Attorney
Generalrand still protecting our informant may be solved.
RECOMMENDATION:
4 κα If the Director agreés, we will complete the memorandum
to the Attorney General immediately after the receipt of the results
of the CP, USA, convention December 10-13, 1959. 7
ον | ot β REC 11. ὅσ tho W/ $3 4
" ἱ
\
ae Q
τῆς
Office Memorandum + ὈΝΙΤῈΡ states GOVERNMENT
wo
τὸ : DIRECTOR pate: 12/10/59 παρ, ζζδεικος = " FROM i cGuie ____ i σ Ἵ . ΜΟΙ
γ SUBJECT: γ΄ Tone D2
Trotter —__ ὦ W.C. Sullivan — Tale. Room __. Holloman Gondy I do not think we are. being: properly selectiv.e in dissemination of information to public officials and particularly to the Vice President. An example is the attached letter concerning Czechoslovakian activities in the United States. to which is attached a-4-page single-spaced memorandum. I personally doubt that all of this information-is of any interest whatsoever to the. Vice President. οἰ
I think if we want to-advise him of developments in the Soviet and Communist Party field we should select only the most important such items and that under no circumstancés should we send a communication more than one page: in length.
Enclosure
cc - Mr. Belmont ; Ζ ᾿
CT:LCB
8)
2
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. 4 EX 109 So | ἢ | ὙΦ 2 SkOY, ~€ 3G
(0 DEG 16 4955
et πὰ
one. ae A SNOT rire
--- -.--
ππιΠπτΠγΊ.«---
“ * 1 - ( Belmont ὁ 1 = Mr, Baumgardner
lL = Liaison Section 1 = Mr, Decker
December 10, 1959. VIA LIAISON ἷ6Ὸὃ -
Hiss: Rose tary\ Woods : ” Executive Seerdtary to.the Vice ‘President ++ Room 361, Senate Office Building ΝΣ _ . Washington 25,
- Dear Rose Marys Lam 6nélosing a letter, ‘with enclose 5;
which I shine the Vise President night | want to see.
Enclosures -~2
NOTE. ON. YELLOW:
See memo Baumgardner to Belmont dated 12/9/59 captioned. “Solo, is-c," AaDemed +
109=428091
AJD:med: as μὰ) (6) 2
Trotter . W. : - ee ΙΝ
δ Ga πως. MAIL ROOM] TELETYPE UNITE
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DECLASSIFICATION ANTHORITY DERIVED FROM:
FEL AUTOMATIC DECLASSIFICATION CULE ᾿ λιν
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DATE oV-a5-2011 ςς Fs) ἐ SE a Le a? Pet ge τὰ ae wy ats ἐς =O 09) Ν Honorable Riga M. Nixon 3 = pee SER τῶ, RD ἢ The Vice prea dent ad
ee ee ὅττι το Δ Washington 25, ἢ, 6. τ
Ls ΙΝ Oy oe ἐν x € ἢ 7 + _ τῷ , had . - <n * wes Tt « ; - Ν" - * : Pe ge eR eet ad pm eh 2 Seo We en PERSONAL AND CONFIDENTEAL τ αὐτο, Σο μν ae tee τοῦ 1 ἐς ae ἜΝ ‘ ar ΩΝ ~ δὲ +. ᾿ς " και τὰ " an ¥ JOPSECRET . ἐπὶ +, _ 7 Ἐς * ᾿ te, Ὶ “s ‘4 ᾿ "» a πο αν ae a oa ; an Bs τον «ὦ af afl 5 woe gaweoy, 1 ao ἜΝ ΩΝ “be Be εἶ ἐᾷ ie ΜΝ .-Ν ᾿ δίῃ , wa “ ; ΝΙΝ ΜΕΝ ᾿ _. H * . ἘΠῚ . π᾿ τς τὰ a " δ τος π pe ON a ae Washington 25 Ὁ. Ὃς ἕῳ τὶ ἐδ πὴ το ὁ ὼ 9 τὴ ὖν "al 3 oy , ν ῳ- ᾿ “ ar yee ¥ Pee on HF Ty ay Ν te ᾿ ἢ το δὰ ΠΩ τ ἀν τ ιν τ «ἢ εἶν τ gate te Ane - « - et ra ἌΣ ΓΞ ᾿ Ag Ἐν δῆς ἢ Lbs τον τ La, ; 7 SEE el Ge eo td WIA LIAISON 7 4 =- * a f . 2 a* "a ae tg a x “Ἐν οὖ Π᾿᾿ ᾿ :- AY . :— ont δ μ = » ‘7 ne - Ν “Ὁ ( hy * Se μὲ τῷ ὯΝ τὰ or a ; as ἘΣ eg a) aN ~ yale “" 7 te ae pubs, ‘ and eee ire oS ks iy 7H ΜΝ Ν ΠΝ ἡ ΓΞ 1 ᾿ Ν " a ut * ae te : : a bd a Ly : , ; 5. “ ™ ὍΝ ~ .. a aoe , τὸ. τὰν αν . ; ΝΟΌΣ “fonorahte, Rithatd- ἊΣ ΧΟΡ. “Πα, a Tee ae ES ‘ ‘eat oe me - a ca 1 Ξ΄ “ “. ‘ » - + . . 7 ἀπ τ = JF =_ i ἢ : we “The Vice: President: : - a a - " “x a . ᾿ ἕξ ro > Loy v's a - rw - ἘΞ Jf Sal - "τ: “ a a7 . "" τς - . bh ἃ , πῆς ἢ κι ᾿, put ΜΞ 3 ᾿ aren te Met ME ga ον Os οἰα aye ᾿ t oa «Aas ington: 25: a De. Cs: _ — :. τ ἍΜ} ΜΝ -." a “- Ke μ᾽ eee’, ᾿ » ‘ δ ΙΝ = . ¥ x : ἢ Λα δος ao ey Ἂ “δος τ σι κατὰ ΤΠ τ τος τὰ “πον Τιῶραβ pies SA Be τος ν πο π τὶ ας ry ! : A " 2 Ee ' εἰ ; ΕΣ ἘΞ > . eas τς " ee ar mi A τως _ ae a ns : ΕἾ ‘regard to. my: Vetter of Deveiber: ἃν ἮΝ εκ a ᾿ ΓΙ “π᾿ 7 ες a ᾿ ᾿ ree - "19595 ‘concerhing. Czechoslovalcian ‘activities in the * a we, κι νΝ τ et eta -ὰ - ate WP . sof - a Ἢ. a . , ‘ace ayy ΩΣ 66: States; T -thought you: would ‘be-interestéd .: 0... 5... ΠΥ τος κ᾽. ι ᾿ τυ eo . , = - boing ἀν : ἐᾶν ον 0" Try " Μ Yay! as Η - Cbd ean the enclosed: menorand This information. ’ Was tae τ τ 5 Ὁ
ΒΟ m7 obtained aS a rastlt: ‘OF due over : r-all coverage: of: + ΝΣ παν wet ATE Sesh
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Enclosures + 2
UNITED. STATES DEPARTMENT: OF JUSTICE
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
WASHINGTON 25, D.C,
December 10, 1959 - VIA LIAISON.
Miss Rose. ry Woods Executive Sderetary ‘to the Vice President. ες Room 361, Sedate Office Building
Washington 25) D. Cw
Déar Rose ἜΝ ΝΞ ΕΝ
_.._2 am endiosing 8 a letter, with - enclosure, which I think the, Mice President, might. want to 3ée., '
DECLASSLIFLICATION AUTHORITY DERIVED FROM: FRI AUTOMATIC DECLASSIFICATION CUIDE DATE O?-O05-<£011
oO oO Ol “ ἐπεῖσ; T ΧΡ -ὃ--6--ὄ Ὁ- \W Se) UNITED. STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE “ν᾿ ᾿ FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
In Reply, Please Refer to τς WASHINGTON 25, Ὁ, οι File No, oo . December 10, 1959.
᾿ =
INFORMATION CONCERNING STATEMENTS BY A τ τ HIGH=RANKING OFFICIAL OF THE COMMUNIST ° - we PARTY OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA’ IN PRAGUE, τ CZECHO, LOVAKTA
Sources which have furnished reliable information in the past to the FBI have: reported that Gustav Soucek, head of the International Department of the \Central Coninittee of the Communist - Party of Czechoslovakia, made the following: statements in Prague, Czechoslovakia, during the month|of November, 1959. - |
* Gustav Soucek stated that the Communist Party, ‘USA, and the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia should strive for closer contacts and pointed out that the|methods of making contacts must be improved. He stated that general’ information concerning Communist Party matters could be éxchanged between the Communist Party, USA, and Czechoslovakia though a news agency rather than - through the Czechoslovakian Embassy in the United States. He explained that the Czechoslovakian Information Agency sends press releases to bourgeois newspapers and these press releases could also be sent to the Communist Party\ USA, furnishing the latter information such as the general dev opment of the economy in. Czechoslovakia. He indicated that the Czechoslovakian Information Agency is controlled by the Communist\ Party of Czechoslovakia.
Soucek continued that as a result of the defection of Lieutenant Colonel Frantisek Tisler, the former Czechoslovakian military attache in the United States, oh July 25, 1959, the former contacts in the United States with the Communist Party, USA, ‘have been "spoiled" and the Czechoslovakians hake broken all previous contacts with the Communist Party, USA.. He\said that Tisler's defection has caused the Czechoslovakians to make hard and sweeping changes, Soucek remarked that the Czechoslovakians now have a new ambassador in the United States, Miloslav Ruzek) whom he ἡ characterized as a very capable comrade and dipl mat. Ruzek is going to change the entire personnel at the Czechoslovakian Embassy in the United States and he has been instructed to change the method of making contacts with members of the Communist Party,
USA, and to use tliegal channels only when absolutely necessary.
ΡΥ Σ “ἢ
T \ ἘΣ ΣΝ
it was believed that Soucek was referring to the nature of contacts between the Communist Party, USA, and Czechoslovakia and’ was not referring to intelligence or illegal agents for Czechoslovakia living in the United States. Soucek added that in view of the reorganization of the Czechoslovakian Embassy in the United States, direct contacts between the Communist Party, USA, and the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in the United States must be very carefully considered. He suggested that the best method might be to have a contact in Prague and δὴ occasional contact in the United States.
Soucek then suggested the possibility of exchange of trade- union delegations between the United States and CzechoSlovakia. He said that a large number of international meetings are held in Prague, Czechoslovakia. He noted. specifically that there are a number of trade-union meetings in: Pragué in connection with the World. Federation of Trade-Unions. However, American trade-unionists rarely come to Prague. He:mentioned that the Czechoslovakia. General Council of Trade-Unions has many contacts in the United States and that it hopes to enlarge its_contacts .and. extend its influence in the United States. Soucek observed that approximately.three years ago some trade-union delegates from the United States visited Czechoslovakia and certain of the members of this delegation were of Czechoslovakian origin. .
. In regard to contacts. in the United States by Czechoslovakian Embassy officials with former Czechoslovakian citizens who are members of the Communist Party, USA, Soucek related that these contacts | resulted in the development of a bad relationship. However, he added that the Communist Party, USA, should understand that the Czecho- Slovakians desire to have friendly relationships ‘and contact with former Czechoslovakians and Slovaks who are now residing in the United States. Soucek mentioned that Czechoslovakian. diplomatic personnel in the United States have been in contact with Communist Party functionaries from the Illinois and Ohio Districts of the Communist Party, USA.
Soucek stated that Czechoslovakia has a special institution for the spreading of international contacts and relationships which combines cultural with other forms of exchange. During the past year, 3,000 Americans mainly of Czechoslovakian and Slovak descent visited Prague. They came to Czechoslovakia with all kinds of prejudices. They expected. to see the churches destroyed and real property taken over by the state. However, when they arrived, they found the treasures intact. They observed that the stores were well
2) haa
stocked with food and the people were living well. Soucek stated that among the visitors were bankers of Czechoslovakian descent
who were amazed at the banking facilities and the fact that there were so few bank guards. Soucek continued that the Czechoslovakians want these people to- visit Czechoslovakia. He explained that some of the American visitors of Czechoslovakian origin visited their home towns and compared. the present conditions with those 30 years ago, They changed their opinion of Czechoslovakia and of socialism, and the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia can utilize these individuals for propaganda purposes .° Soucek, emphasized that the establishment of contacts and arranging for tourdsts from the United States to travel to Czechoslovakia can and must be done legally because Czechoslovakia wants to improve its relationship with the United States,
Soucek stated that Czechoslovakia has varLous groups traveling abroad. He mentioned that .a-Czechoslovakian circus traveled in Japan and the Czechoslovakian Philharmonic Orchestra traveled to India, Burma and Australia. He stated that these groups are used to improve contacts -in the countries visited.
They create good will and are indirectly propaganda. He related that when the Czechoslovakian circus was in Tokyo, Japan, the performers violated instructions and made. a sectarian mistake by joining in the celebration of the anniversary of the Communist Party of Japan. He added that in regard to cultural exchanges, the Czechoslovakians are thinking of broad mass contacts and not Just contacts with Communist Party members in other countries. Soucek Stated that the Czechoslovakian Philharmonic Orchestra would be willing to accept an invitation to the United States and added that he would be interested in non-Communist Party members ih the
United States who would be interested in promoting Czechoslovakian - American cultural exchanges.
in regard to the Communist Party, USA's attempt to establish an international campaign for defense of its. ‘legal rights," Soucek stated that although the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia is willing to do its- share in this campaign, he believes it would be more effective to start this ‘campaign. in capitalist countries,
Concerning the. internal situation in Czechoslovakia, Soticék stated that there has been ἃ rapid improvement in economic conditions with an inerease of 11 per cént in production during the first 10 months of 1959. He stated that the problem facing Czechoslovakia 18 agricultural production. While it has been
TQP SQTCrrtT - 3 -
improving steadily, it is not improving fast enough. He explained that the farms are divided into small plots of land which ,is neither effective nor economical. Soucek said the Czechoslovakians will attempt to push cooperative and collective farm-movements on a scientific scale. It will attempt to step up production-of agri- cultural machinery and fertilizers together with the ‘introduction
of power and electricity on the farms, In regard to communes,
Soucek remarked that while. they may be good.for-China, Czechoslovakia cannot force any such rapid collectivization .. - τὶ |
Soucek related that the Czechoslovakian Communist Party was successful in its revolution at a most; crucial moment because it had the majority of people on its side. The Czechoslovakian Communist Party had the workers! support’ and was able to convince the majority of the farmers and the middle class that the communists were fighting for their interests. He continued "You.do not know how close American imperialism camé to dominating Czechoslovakia ‘in 1928, However; we beat them because we had good relationship with all strata of our population."
Soucek remarked that a big problem facing the Communist Party. of Czechoslovakia today is convincing the working class that the standard of living which is rising rapidly cannot continue to | rise without increased productivity. Plants are constantly being: mechanized and some automation is being introduced, The younger worker is quite prodictive. However, the older worker expects to get proportional and constant pay increases as productivity increases. -This cannot continue. Soucek stated.that the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia is carrying on a tremendous ideological. campaign designed to convince the majority of the workers that ali of the iricreased productivity cannot go merely to increase the standard of living and more of it Hias to. be used for greater capital investment in industry. Soucek complained that many of the workers in Czechoslovakia measure the standard of living by how. much ‘meat, butter and milk they reééive. He said that accompanying the ideological campaign, thé Communist Party of Czechoslovakia is
carrying ‘on an additional campaign organized by scientists, doctors
and dietitians to convince the population that overeating is not good.
=
Misa ¥ Rose Hary Woods
Exccutive Secretary: to the Vico President
Roon 361; Senate Office Bulld Washington 25, Ds Cu, md
Doar Rode. Mary.
L- Liaison Section ἡ 1 = Mr. Beliiont.
1 - Mr. Baumgardner “1 - Mr. Decker
Docénber ΤΊ; 1999
“
I am enclosing ἃ lovtes which ἘΞ think the
‘Viee Proatdent night want to sco,.
Enclosure.
Trotter W.C. ‘Sollivan _ Tele..Room - yt “lv
| SDE 2S TELETYPE wii]
Sincerely,
164.
/ Bx 109 nan "REG. 19 /ba - Loti fo
- 40 DEC 161509
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DECLASSIFICATION SUTHORITY DERIVED FROM: 1 FEI AUTOMATIC DECL&ASsIFICATION CUIDE DATE O7-07-2£011L
+ “ Liaison Section ~ Mr. Belmont
i - Mr. Decker
Dosenbor 11. 1959
ha
-
The Vice Prosidtit. _. « Washington Ras Ὦ, δε.
Ὡσὰν Dické Γ΄.
᾿ X thought you would bo interosted in tha followins Anfornation obtained a6. ἃ rast of our evor*a11 coverage of ° -the Communist Party, USA (CPUSA),- concerning statements - Gustay Bovuedk, head of the Intornafional Dopar nent. of tha
onorable Richard M. Jiixon
7
Contra Committos of the Comminigt Party’ of CacchosLovaltin (OPO)... :
Solicels 49 tntorestoa tn on oxcharike of trade=utlon: end cultural delépotions with the United States. Πα safd 3,000 _ Ancyicins, ndinly of συ ον ἢ descont, visited Prague during the past yoor, acrtain ef whoa changed thoir opinions ΟΥ̓ Quechoslovakin and soololicon and can now bo utilised by tho Czcchosloyokians for propaganda purpogsops Goucck desires to. have non<Conminist Party nonhera in the Taitcd States prorete — Gacchodlovakion=Anorican δ ΌΣΟΙ dxchanges o& Czechoslovakin” — can dovelop broad sass contdets in the United States. sourck __ . dndfented that the 11 per font Incronta tn productivity in. [ὶ Gaochosloviltin:. during the fits ten eenths ef 1959 cust bo used _: ΟΡ gapltal investronts. snd nat merely to , ΟΥ̓ Living, inet oe ne Soucek pledged h Stitute communes, Soucck pledged support of tho CE in the CPUSA's campaign for "logal rights" dn tho United States bit opined that tha campaign wold bo nore offestive 18 obtarted in capitnlist countrios,. me ee ῃᾳ0ΌΝ | : ENCLOSURE
in vlow of the sensitive natixro of the sourecas. of our
te ἃ nocd=to-eimoy basi,
OB Gon ea \/' GAneoroly, a
Belmont —=~ orm ON YELLOW: | EX 109 το DEC 16 1985 McGuktewses This letter is tlaSsified " ἀρ! since the information veh τατσιτο τιν was obtained from a highly placed source arid inauthorize Rosen zee Ajsclosure of this information would tend.to disclose the Ἰασιὴ τσ - ᾿ς identity of this source wit ultant grawe..damage W:¢. Βυθίναη ες AmDissh 2 te the national defense. Ζ " .-Ὁ ἃ.
. τ Tels, Romie © (8 εν Ὁ τς ο Ἀ“ |
Holloman san 4 ες ἢ " "Gandy v , /
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ia - .
᾿ς Mall Rou) ΤΕΒΕΤΥ͂ΡΕ od DE SECRET
i - Mr. Baumgardner —
ode by.
BVOStRC: : ; dinerease the stondara = Czcchoplovakin wlll push cooporative and collectivol & goin grcator nprichLtural gutpat but wilh not =
ἔπ
information, it 1s requested that the contonts of this commmita- ; tion bo: afforded tha rost caroaful Sdeurdty and ἀπ use MPS 34 KK S%
ft +
᾿ - G . Office Me; © |” pdum - UNITED __ § GOVERNMENT
DIRECTOR, FBI .(100-428091) - - DATE: 12/7/59
TO : 4 es SAC, CHICAGO (134-46 Sub B)
SUBJECT: 7S0LO 15 - ὃ De
3... mv
persons from his notes;
Secretariat of the Communist Party of China.
atolls / 7h Oe
Re Bureau letter, 11/17/59, Chicago airtel, 11/21/59, and Bureau letter, 11/27/59, concerning the organizatAonal structure of the Communist Party. of China.
On December 2, 1959, and December 3,-1959, CG 5824-S* was again questioned concerning the- organizational structure of the Communist Party of China. CG 5824-S* stated that he still has not received one particular item which he mailed to himself and which might help him in identifying other members of the leadership of the Communist Party of China, some of whom, he met in Peking. CG 5824-S* stated that the only recent changes in the top leadership of the Government of China are those he ‘previously reported, po a
On December 2, 1959, CG 5824-S* identified the following
= πων ΝῊ
ΤᾺΝ Cheri-lin, member of the Political Bureau and
LIAO Lu~-yen, Minister of Agriculture. -- While it is believed that CG 5824-S* has furnished « énal
_ all the information in his possession concerning the Interna
Liaison: Department of the Communist Party of China, the organiza- tionalStructure of the Communist Party of China will again be discussed with CG 5824-S* at the conclusion of the 17th National onvénfion Gio,the Communist Party, USA.
c
ep we ant -- -
STANDARD ForM No. δι . “ἂς
iv Pie Memorandum ‘ UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT DIRECTOR, FBI (100-428091) στ τ pate: 11728259᾿
“SAC, CHICAGO (134-46) (sib H) . oe
- ς- . . - od - - . . -_ = 7 = τς . Oy, ᾿ ΄ . + - Fa τ . — ~~ = " . - Ξ - - tg - -ς ἢ - - +
- (6 5824~§*, on November 25, 1959, orally durnished to SA JOHN Ἐς KEATING ‘the information. on, the following pages. This information pertains to ἃ meeting in Moscow, Russia, with. VE CODOVILLA, head of the. Communist party of Argentina delegation to the leh Miaiversdry"cerebration τ Ger tHe" found fig of the People ' s. Republic: of Chinas,
Reference is made: 6. Chicago. airtel dated November 16, 1959,. containing information from CG 5824-s* concerning. the time and piace: of a meeting with ANIBAL ESCALANTE, head of the dele- " gation -from. the: Communist Patty of* Cuba to. the- celebration in. oh Peking, China, The meeting with CODOVILLA occurred at the samé. place and on the. same day,.. but. atter the meeting with ESCALANTE,
u -
th
a7 ΝΥ ἄρ. " ᾿"
‘2°. Bureau (ΒΕΘΙΒΤΕΒΕΙΌ) ἢ Ἔ “ New: York (200-134637) (SOLO) (REGISTERED) ᾿ 1 Chicago ἢ . JEK/kws: , (4) ᾿
oe ΟἿΑ πε BRDEC 21 ioe
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we Sy iziny that. CODOVILIA has. oxch
MEETING IN HOSCOT,. nvagTA, WITH VICTORIO CODOVILIA, HEAD OF THE COULIUNIST PARTY OF ARGENTINA "DELECATION TO THE 1OTH ANTIVER- SARY CELEBRATION OF THE FOUNDING OF THE
hy, ΤΠ PEOPER'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA we IL
}, After dinner on Oc 59,~‘the day on which onrig LDS, wot with ANIBAS Boe of tho Comunint Party
“Of CubA, CHILDS proceoddd“to’ tke Library oa tho BeGoieT1GGE"Or" “EHS “patdaco in the congound in Nocdow, Russia, which has been pre= _- Viously deceribed, Ee wag joined thero for ἃ discussion by VICTONIO CODOVILIA, head of the Comiunist Party of Argentina -Aclom gation to the 10th Annivorsary - eolabration of tho founding of tho
‘People's Republic of na. Also: presont in the capacity of interpreters wore aie ANO¥Y, a husglan-English translator, work- ing in tho Internati STAHOY tee TOL CHS COREL AT” ( Comaittoo™ oe thd Connunist Party. of ᾧ Soviet. προς (CBSU) , and 2 παι ‘SPMTSH trarsidgtor, who diso works in the International Dopartnont of iho Contral Connittco Ὁ tha CPSU, but. whose identity is not.
ΟΥ̓ Need i
.When CODOVILIA Audfonted t that he wanted to know what aro: “the curront dovdlopzonts in tho Communigt Party ~ USA, CHILDS gave hina brief rosune of recent ‘happenings in the Combunist Party = δᾶ, CHILDS sald that the Communist Party = USA is pro= poring for its 17th National Convention: Ha stated that tho leadership of the Comninist Party - USA is united, as evidonced
by tho fact that thoro was no opposition in the loadoxship to the draft of the main political resolution for the 17th National Con- yontion, CHILDS also stated that the Communist Party - USA is conducting an intornational campaign for its. "“loral rights" in . the Unitod States, and that tha Communist Party of Argentina will
_ be asked to aid in this campaign for dogality for’ ‘the Comiuriist Party + USA, -
fy soe Ἢ ,τ 2 Σ:- as ἊΝ ἊΣ
τς Δὲ this” point, cODOVEELA g kicked, the revisionigts ‘out of tho C also undorastand that at tinos _EUGSI
tatod, Σ undorstaiid that you | wunist Party = USK, but I
(DRUUAR_was woivoring, ὁ.
acd. corrospondonce ont SEXLSIAM.
POSTER, CHILDS gharply asked CODOVILLA, Who told you that? “™* SATTe ine that CODOVILIA would not answor this question, CHILDS
quickly followed with tho statorent, Whoever told you that gave.
you ἃ personal opinion and not tho political position of tho
leadership of the Conminist Party ~ USA. CODOVILIA replied, It
was probably εἴ personal opinion, so ict us forgot about it.
foo ses US th
/
| Tiion. CODOVILLA stated, Our Party tricd to canpaifn for
[you curing the LcCarthyite days. Whiloé wo will canpaign for you to oxpdse the hypocrisy of Anorican jubtice, we are going to ask.
that you, too, campaign for us; In Argontina, the Conminist
| Party is not yot formally illegal. Thero isa mass movement to prevent legislation to outlaw the Communist Party in Argentina. The Cocmunist, Party of Argontina is participating in this macs
novencut. The Communist, Party of Argentina is leading strikes and it is growing. Novertholess, the situation, as it concerns our Lovality,; is grayo. In the 21 ὅδ few months; there have been
148 arrests. The lagt congross of the Communist Party of Argentina,
scheduled to bo held in April, had to be held underground. As - . regards legality, our position ds sonowhat. like yours, ‘Yormally,.
' yo ara not illegal, but da facto wo aro.
Then CODOVILLA stated, Wo aro going to fight, for your
. Party, Just. as wo are going to fight for ours. Wo ara going to.
aol, for the Communist: Porty = USA the assistanco of lowyer:
e Loamuie of Strurgle for the Rigits.of Man. Those aro lawyers whiclr ts used in the fight against reactionary laws in our country. Thoy will raise your probicm publicly. Kovever,, wo necd moro material from you, so.bd sure to sond us this natorial,.
Hoxt, CODOVILLA stated that the Jawyers ho. had mentioned
ἡ publish a paper known as “Sol Lus Unios" (phonetic). Thorc-is 2 .
united: front. which publishos, this. egal paper, This united. front. —
is broador than tho legal profession. It contains radicals, 1 Social denocrats, and progressives. They hope to turn this pubh-. { ication into an organ of tho national denocratic front. The rest.
of tha Party publications in Argoatina are iliegal. Continuing, CODOVILLA stated, Sond us enough material
and we will ovon put out a paniphict, dealing with the. injustice in
the United States. Ed said, tho Communist Party of Argentina. pub- Lishes an illogal paper called "Nuestra Puchla" (phonetic), This papor has ἃ circulation of 48,090. Together with othor illegal papers, the total circulation of the: Party. press ig 150,000. "
Turning to a, discussion of Argentina, CODOVILLA. stated that the country is: characterizod by complete economic and politi-~ cil instability. Tho policy of the governuont is to split. the people's forces and to do nothing to. change tho situation. | Prosident ARTURO FRONDIZI is liko a statue in the bow of ἃ pirate ship which is boing steered by the foreign monopolics -~ chicfly,,.
™
those of the United States
wD -
_ ZRon CODQVILLA stated, Tao dominating professions in our ‘cothtry are hold by voactionarics with the help of the ‘Arny ond the Navy. FNONDIZI camo into powcr with tho kelp of lator, the peasantry; tho, Comuunist Party, tho Poroaista Party, non-Party progrossivos, and his own party, the Left rddicals, Tao promises . Of PLONDIZI curing tho campaign to carry through tho. onti-foudal, and antisinpordklist program have gono up. in omoke, Lo pronisod | to rovitoe the fordign concossioas agrocnont. ΠῸ promised peacdful- rolationus with all countrics. [Io pronined-agrarian reforms, as Woll ac liboral. tabor laws. In short, ho proecdised full desiocracy.
as Next, CODOVILLA emphasized, FRONDIZI kas carricd throngi τ᾿ 11 theso promises in reverse. At tho hovinninr, πο πόνο, freodon. ~~ to abt tho partiog; -cvon the Communist Party. .wis-allowed~froodom,
. Wo rade faiso pretenses ὃ Inprove the rolations with the. Social—— ASE Countrios. πὸ oven cipned an apreenont for one Itindrod million dollars in tride with the Soviet Union. Eut vory soon, FRONDIZI. subaitted binself undor the heel of the honopolies ahd tho. Arny.
_. -.. | GODOVILLA stated that with. tho help of the masses, FRONDIZE had possibilities to cuach the pressures fron reaction. Gur Party rained this. quostion with hin, but MSONDIZI cuccumked ᾿ _ te tho prossures of the reactionaries. What FRONDIZY did proves: that the nacsos have to ῥο, and: can go, ‘boyond tho national bourgcoisio,. Tho govornnént rotreated from its progran, while the poopie pushed forward. Thus, thore σατο a romon& when the = | Proxrossives had fo difforcntiate between thensolves ond FRONDIZIZ. ἡ Tho question was oithor that thd povornudat satisfy tha demands ; and tha necds of the riasses and thus concolidate the regime, or
] utiliza ὑπὸ reactionary forces of tho Army and: Suppress the
people's movencat.
According to CODOVILLA, FRONDIZI decided to make. conces=
_, Blons to thé inperidlists. Thin resulted in strike struggles on ὁ the part of tho workors in: ordor to dofend Argentina's oi1 resources fron fovoign monopoly. Taq strikes dovolojicd into partial ard BOneral strikes. in many incustrics. FRONDIZI conscripted workers. into, tho Army and resortcd to repression, Workers ore court nurtinied as if they wore criminals. Whon FRONDIZI started te use | tho Arny against tke pooplo, tho reactionarics in tha officor corps ‘bogan to fcel stronger and cubdidoned, ,
‘Next, CODOVILLA- stated, Despite the repressions, the masges pushed forward. Wo Comunists suecocded in uniting thé
| Workors in cur country, though wo havo no national labor fcdoration | 20 yot. ‘ite peasants, too, began to soize the land. The students
" ™ x ὦ δδ' as - ry - .
these struggles ¢limaxcd in a 48«hqux genoral δύο, in which
| yore: united under'the “Communist Party on ἃ mass scale. A211. of four HALion peopic participated.
©
. Continuing, CODOVILLA Stated, alongaids tho pass ᾿ strugrles, tho: Communist Party, the youth movondnt, yorten’s organ= izations, and other mass ovganizations increased in numbers. — FRONDZZI had ¢6: dither Succunb to. thé poople'ts predsurveos or resort. _ , [to tho mothods of tho dictatorship, Ho chose the mothods of ἃ - fdietatorship., INONDIZE plancd the Comiuniot Party of Argentina, | Eq now wants to formally illogaiizo tho Communist Party. The. : mniiitary officers. ard dccianding frou FRONDIZI opon and naked: j dictatorship, This will. happen unless wo are able to. unito the movencit. Thore aro hany opportunitios to. chock thé dictatorsiip. ,, All. Of tha politied! parties in Argontina fear that the dictator- oe will: ‘bo used not only against the Connunists, but. against chet. This is why all ‘partios have spoken out. against the illeg dzation of tho Comounist Party and are insisting: OR More democracy.
will not ane Arrontina fréci dictatorship. Tho Conmunist Party
has cone out for ἃ national dexecratic front. Soveral govoxnnent changes. nay take place in. tho ncax future, Sono porconalities will ho. cupported by. the United States: inperialists: and sone. by. the British - -inporialists.. Tho Peronist forces are preparing to overthrow tho. fevernnent. Wo, havo 9 -pact with tho Por roniats—and. -
Of The ee ὡς Τῆς Poronists, aro nado ὌΡΟΣ Jargo sections”. o£ the vorliing. clacs.of_Argoatinas ΟἿΣ policy ~~ that ABs, tho : policy’ of the Communist party ew» 45 against 81] coups do otat ΕΣ even if it. as ἃς. coup led by. the P Poronists: ~ nae
Continuing; “CODOYILLA said,. Our poliey, in the évont of such 2 situation, is to mobilizo.the masses. for a. general strike, | Wo wit demand a govyoriment of the widest democratic coalition. The Communist Party of Argontina is pointing out and warning the poopie that if civil war broaks out in Argentina, the Communist Party will not be xosponsibloe for this. Αὖ the proaent moment,
ἢ xonction is om the offensive, but the resiatance of the masses is great, Although the people arc fighting, wo may hava to.live | through great difficulties. The nilitancy of the masses, as well,
. as. the roots of the Communist Party amongst -thon απὰ its “anginiondoy ‘Guarantecs our yictory.
Yn eoteluding his renixts, COnOvILLA stated that tho adn: oneny: for Argontina is United States imporialicn. {2 2᾽᾽ woro nat for the interféreneo of the United States, wo yould have done away. ) with our oligarchy.
εν Ἵ ἃ CODOVILLA nadd, Statenents, yorbal and written,’
“4.
~ πος ᾿ ἱ , ee Q | Le . as | Ξ — ws
ΠῚ) ΟΟΣΟΥ͂ΣΙΣΔ stated that the United states Inporlalists ae not yant to lat go of thoir grasp of big investments in Argens
a 4 +
ina. Thus, fo have to fight then,
“When; CHILDS askod the strength of the Cermumist Party of ‘ dvgontinn, CODOVIELA stated, A fow ponthsa aro wo had 125,000 noms bors. Towover, since the Party wont into tho uidcrground, it ins: dropped gone pooplo., LEgst Likely thera aro only 60,000 nen- bors in the Communist Party ef Argontina οὐ this tire, Thoro ard _ 28,000: in. tho youth movenoat == that ig, tha Yourig Communust Loaguo.
, CHILDS asked 22 the Communiot Party of Argentina con=- | tinucs. te grow and to dtronrthen itself, CODOVILLA replicd in : the affirmative, and ptated. that they have: boon propared to Zunction illegally fox many months. ἘῸ ‘wont on to say that tha Communist Party Of Aynontina las gro3t influcnco in. tho labor movenont and
| ed tho, peasants. dn. feos peeeeae th Io. stated, We are anong. || SAO masses ond have authority asong thet. ,, τς, ἀκ yr ae Ὁ Pot with GEOUINO
_ . GHiNs thon gave. CODOVILLA a brio® pictura of curront dcevolopmoats in the Coccunist Party =< UCA, including its general Ling 06 cnbodiod in the draft of tha main resolution for the 17th Nationnt Ceavention, CODOVILLA remarked, If you cary: through On the doezcat of tho revisionists and if you havo ἢ policy for Work With tho mascos, tha Communist Party = UCAtLI1 grow. To commcntcd that contact with the masses saved the Consunist Barty Of Arporttina curing tho dictatorship. of JUAN PERO. . )
ry As this discussita concluded, CODOVILLA said thet hie is
- δόλον τῷ try to influcace tha Prezaratory Coxaittce in order to | {| 800 that progressive North .Anoricang will be precent at the proposed {1 Yeaters Ecsidsphoric, antielinporiniist congress, ΝΞ
τ τὰ
DECLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY DERIVED FROM: FRI AUTCMATIC DELCLASSIFICATION CUIDE DATE O7-OG$-e2011
. ᾿ Ἱ | μ᾿ ne _ fhe Attorney Genera
Director, FBI _ .
ΝΕ ΩΝ
Mr. ΒΘ πη ὃ Liaison
Mr. Baungardner = Mr. Decker |
December 1, 1959.
: COMMDITE Sr PARTY, USA AUTERVATT RELATIONS _ATMTERWAL SECURITY ὦ Ὁ ἴω
᾿ ; Htth regard to my communication of - Vovenber 27, 1959, conceriing Soviet Russia's and Red China's reaction to. Nikita Khruahchev'ts peaceful coexistence line, I thought you. would be interested | in the enclosed némorandun. he information in this menorandun waa obtained da a restlt of our over-al21 COverage of the Connunist Party; USA, and sets..forth Gaditional information, concerning the line espoused by the Soviets for peaceful ‘coexistence a3 well as tnfornation regarding the nature of future contacts between representatives of the Conruntet Party of ᾿ Che: Sovtet Union and the Comnuntst Party, USA. - .
This infornation ts also being furnished ‘Lo the Honorable Rtoahard, U.. Nizon,. the. Vice President; Honorable Gordon Gray, Special Assistant to. the Presidents and Honorable Christian A. Herter, Secretary of State. : "
in ulew of the éztremely senattive nature of certain of the sources of. ΟἿ tinforaation, tt 18
- requeated that the contents of this communication ᾿Ξ be afforded the nost careful sscurity and its. use 35 > ΗΝ ᾿ restricted to ἃ need=-to-know basis. | C: 3 ad / ᾿ Ene re ᾿ ΤᾺ Ἔν ἃ. Lou: δ vont AN. 200-428092 We oS ἮΝ Hs Ma ro, “οἷν 4
job B28. O7- 588
. FEI AUTOMATIC DECLASSIFICATION CUIDE
PATE O7-O8-2£01L1
W.C. Βα να Tele. Room -
σαπάγι...
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DECLASSIFICATIUN AUTHORITY DERIVED FROM: ΒΩ FEI AUTOMATIC DECLASSIFICATION CUIDE DATE 07-05-2011 _ ; UT. Belmont
- . See Ure Saunga rdner 7 - Σία βοὴ - :
2 ~ Ur, Decker
᾿
—
Decenber 1, 2959
During the course of h his récent visté £0 the
ovtet Union, a leading functtonary of the Communtet Party (CP), ΘΑ͂, conferred. at length with representatives: of the Central Connittée of the CP of the Soviet Union (ΟΟΟΡΒ 7), officials. of the CCCPSU emphasized that thé Sovtete: will make every effort tO Gvotd statenents or acta which could dtaturd the present -* United States « Soutet relationship, They stated that. the OP of the Soviet gnton (CPSU) doés not want to be openly identified with the CPUSA even though thé CPIT haa the sane synpathties and ideologteal outlook a9 the CPUSA, :
Borta Ponomarev, head of the International Departnents CCCPSU; said that the Soviets do not desire to abandon contaate with the CPUSA in the United States ‘but that for the immediate . ° future, Σὲ would be advisable to make such contects in certain European capitals for security reasons, Ponomareu pointed out that 8 ch contacts have been Lintted recently because of politidal reasons and - otteds for eranples negot tattons. between. Russ iand the United States, Xhrushcheu's visit to the | United ,.States and President Bisenhouer's proposed trip to the Sovi Ἐϊ Union, Ponomarev. concluded ‘that the CPSU does not want.. ~ ὅο opeate any situation which ould offset these pol teteal _ {:} pers | {
=
otto Kuusinen,. nenber Of the: Preaidiun, CGCPSU, 8 stated
approves tts activities, ‘Be added thee he had Feutewped the main fesolution to be presented to the nattonal convent tony CPUSA; Decenber, 1959, and that tts matn line to correct, in regard ’ . to the present CPUSA constitution, Kuusinen. said thet thé Soviete ae dtsagree wtth thie econstttution and δὲ reconndnded that ἃ ποῦ. ον consttturvion. be drafted based on denocratic centralian which a would aa une that. pontrol wtil rest fully with the deaderahip.
SEE yore ON YELLOW PAGE 2
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Kuusinen tnatructed the CPUSA functtionary to establish
contact with the wideat ndases of péople in the United States y
and advocated that the CPUSA participate: in -etrikeas tradésuntona: and other organizations of the people. Πα continued that. Khrushohev'ts visit to. the Untted States helped the CPUSA and
the CPUSA must uttlize tn full the atmosphere created for peace | and frtendehtp to reach the masses. He potnied out that such tasues ag tareay. unenploynents dtsarnanent and trade relations.
_ with Rusata and other soateltat counttiea should be ratsed by.
'k
the CPUSA wtth the. American people. The strugg2é@ would, ~~ —- os therefore, be carried qué in two directions, first t6 reack | the ‘na888 8, and second to defend. the CP and Marztan=Lenintan,
Leaders: Of - the CPSU have tasued inatructtons that there must be extrene adutton when contact 18 had in the United Statea between representattues of the ΟΡ and representattuea. of the. CPUSA, and that contacta with persons known to be CP henbere or even suspected of being comnuntata miet δα eltiitnated. The Soviets havé recently refuaed ἐδ employ GP menbers tn Sovtet organizations in the inttéd States. A Néw York attorney who. had previously entered into an agreement approved by the CCCPSU to.set up α΄ law firn in. New York: City to handle legaz defense. δ
ως the GPUSA as weld ae Soutet legal. bustness will be adutéed. that the Soviets have vetged. this and sintlar contacts.
Deapite: atatementa by lead tng ΟΝ of the Soutet Government and of the CPSU that the Souvtets. have no contact. wtth- and exerotse no control over the. CPUSA,. tt ts quite evident that: the CPSU continues to. follou the activities of the CPUSA closely and is affording CPUSA Zeaders inatructions. and. dtrection on major poltoy mattera. Although Q22 open contacts between representatives of the CPSU.and the CPUSA have been eliminated, those, contacta of a clandestine nature. will céntinue and the Soviets have aasured: the CPUSA of Financial aaststance.
=
NOTE ON YELLOW: - a
Phis Donnuniéatton ‘classified epeteroret since the
| information was obtained from a highly placed sourcé. and.
unauthorised disclosure, of this. information would tend to discloge
Gers identity of this sélirce with resultant grave danage “to the nat Lona e ense,
-᾿
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Original on plastiplate.
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Η͂ - - - Lo - - ~ . STANDARD FORM NO, 64 -. 2, τος . -- Β
Office Memorandum * UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT ὮΙ ΄Ὺ
TO ; ΜΡ, A. ΚΕ. BELUO DATE: December 3; 19099
“τ _ Tolson
. ᾿" Belmont. Gyno } Be 4 “ROM FOUR. OF. J. BAUMGARDNE ᾿ : , | oak x
ERNAL SECURITY = Ὁ
. ᾿ ᾿ εν iva --- ᾿ - Tele. Rgom —_ 7 ᾿ ΠΝ ue :
This matter pertains to Ltatson. activities of our nigna (oe : placed informant, CG 5824-8, between the Communist Party (CP); USA Ἴ and the CPs of the Soviet Union, Red China and other Iron Curtatn natiofs. | informant returned to United States on 11-11-59 following seven~week stay tn Russia and Red. Chino, By letter 11-28-59, Chicago furnished information regarding tnfornant's conversation with. Victorto Codovilla; founder of the CP of Argentina and a member of its Presidium and General Committee. his conversation took place in the Soviet Unton on 10- 0-59, °
Codovtlla said that up to quite recently the CP of Argentina had 125,000 members but since it went ‘into the underground a few months ‘ago, its membership is now about 80,000. There are an addtttonal 28,000 members in the CP's youth group; the Young Communist League.
He claimed, however, that the GP of Argentina continues to strengthen ttself and wields great influence in the labor movement and among the peasants in some provinces. :
| Godovilia relatéd that the. CP of Argentina. is not yet lformally tilegal but tt ts dé facto iliegal. While there i3 a mass movement to prevent legislation to outlaw the CP, its situation- grave, He noted that during recent months 143 CP members. hate. béen arrested in Argentina and it waé necessary to hold the last ongress
lof this CP in-an underground status, - ει * : ge Codovilia stated that President Arturo Frondiat cane into
Dower in Argentinadue to the support of a number of groups ‘including the. ΟΡ, While Frandizi initially gave freedon to all parttes tneluding the: CP,.he has recently advocated declaring the CP of Argentina tilegal. This detiston followed a general strike’ in Argentina which Codovilia claimed was directed by the, CP of Argentina, me
. sop τς ΝΣ τς oa
Codovilla remarked that.CP-of Argentina presently. advocates a national democratic front -and in this, regard has entered into a pact with the. Peronist group and? with the trade-untons. ,He alleged that the Peronists are preparing to overthrow the Argentinian Gavernment
Enclosures As 4 as ‘ Be oh = ᾿ς Lalo Zs πα 100-428091] ἦτο τὸ κα |
L = Mr. Belmont } " > 1 - Mr. Baumgardner - eyilh
merge rate OC 17 1988 £4 | 1 - ur. Decker ΜΝ meee
_ ~AdDsmed ; fv πῆς Ὅν ΝΕ ΝΝ ᾿ ᾿ ae \ BBM 1S tase” SO CL ΜΝ “ΝΕ
ἃ
Yemorandum. to Mr. Bel mont. RE: SOLO 100-228091 |
jand although the CP of Argentina is against a coup α' etat, its poltcy
1{π the event of this occurrence will δὲ to mobilize the masses for α΄
general strike and demand a coalitton governnent.
Codovilla stated. that despite the offensive position of the
inset ruling figures in Argentina, the militancy of the masses and
su
I
the influence wielded by ‘the ΟΡ among the masses guarantees the CP's victory. )
Codovilia characterized. United States impertalists as the main enemy-of Argentina and pledged the support of the ΟΡ of Argentina tn an international campatgn. against.‘the persecution of communists in the ‘United State's, In thts regard, Codovilla said an organization of lawyers known as the League of Struggle for the Rights of Man which has been uttlized by the Argentinian CP to fight against "reacttonary” lawa in Argentina wild be asked to assist the CPUSA. In addition, the CP of
Argentina has illégal newspaperswith a.total circulation of 150,000
‘which he inferred could be used to assist, the CPUSA. ᾿
Phe: ΟΡ delegates from Latin American countries while ὑπ Peking, China, decided to hold a People's Congress of Latin America, fhe detatls concerning this. congress are. being discussed and worked out in Havana, Cuba. Codovilla stated that the CPs plan to have this congress called by outstanding liberals and mentioned in this regard President Lazaro Cardenas of Mexico, Jorge Alessandri, president of Chile, and \Fidel Castro of Guba. Delegates from North American countries will be permitted to atténd: ‘this congress if they are against United States
‘pinpertalismn.
OBSERVATIONS:
>
. dn view of the increased tnterest in Latin Americasbrought about by Mikoyan's recent visit to Mexico, the Cuban situation and the recent. anti-American turbulence in Panama and increased interest of the CP's of Sovutet Union and Red China in Latin Amertcan affairs, thts information ἰϑέρφ τε significant.
Lt ts believed that the tnformation developed by our informant conceming Argentina should be brought to the attention of high-ranking 7.8: offictals attributed to. our over-all coverage of the CPUSA to afford addittunal security to our informant.
7e + 5 [ὦ
ὡς
Memorandum to Mr. Belmont RE: SOLO 2100-42809]
RECOMMENDATION
There are attached for your approval appropriate communications tncorporating pertinent data furnished by this informant. If you agree, these communications with a classification will be furnished to the Honorable Richard M. Nizon, the Vice Presi@ent; Honorable Gordon Gray, Special Assistant to the President; Honorable Christian A. Herter, Secretary of State; Mr. Allen W. Dulies, Director, Central Intelligence Agency; and the Attorney General.
μν .3 «
‘ ns
-
SMDARD FORM to. 64 O - | O
Office Memorandum UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT ! Sv
DIRECTOR, FBI (100-428092) pate: 12/3/59
|Asac, Carcaco (134-46) (sub B) | Ι γα sor | Ν ᾿ : INTERNAL SECURITY - -¢ PPR
_ CG 5824-S*, on November 23, 1959, orally furnished to SA JOHN E. KEATING the information on the following pages. . This information concerns miscellaneous items in regard to Communist Party - USA and Communist Party. of the Soviet Union relations.
ΜΌΝΟΝ O° = et (REGISTERE RED) 1... Néw York (100+134637).(SOLO) (REGISTERED) 1 -- Chicago
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WISCELLANEOUS ITBUG PERTAINING TO COMMUNIST PARTY ~ USA AND COMUNIST PARTY OF THE SOVIET UNION RELATIONS |
BURSON Ze -FOSTER
On Soptonber 26, 1959, while at the airport in Moscow " ἡ λων for a pianc to Poking, China, HORRIS CHILDS told. ον \ ane Bond of thé North h’ And South Avorican Section of the 77. _
Nintornationat Dopartacat ‘of the" Contral Committee of the Communis
of ἜΝ ΒΟΥ ΘῈ ΠΣ (CPSU), and his assistant, “ALeKsar ““~~-~ ~ Lome SCHUKHTH, thet ee had boon asked ‘to deliver aghank, AL that “WILLIAU 2-"FOSTER Would 1iko to receivo an invitation from sone official organization in Russia so that ho might go to Lussin for nedicnal troatment without cost.
“Bubsequont to October 17, 1959; NOSTOVETS and GRECHUKHIN stated that within Ὁ douplo of days aftor feptembor 26, 1959, ἃ _ . @abléegran had boen sent to FOSTER informing hin that lio could cone to Rusola as a guest of the Physicians Trade Union. ‘They also askod CHILDS to discuss the following with FOSTER and with the leadership of the Conhunist Party ~ USA (CPUSA):
FOSTER has 2 Lot of money duo to hin as ἃ result of tho fact that hig books havo beon tranglatod, publishod and sold in -Russia. FOSTER has at Jeast $4,000 to $5,000 due to. him in royaltios, which aro fron the salo of tho "History of tho Throe . Internationals", in Russia alone, Thus, FOSTER should spare nO. . exponse in getting treatnont in tho United States.
OTT Oy ὡς '
wrote
' WOSTOVETS arid GRECHUKHIN also. stated that the CPSU would ike & current photograph of FOSTER. |
(Doasdbi Lity ofaAdditional Copiea. ies_of,.'Tho
rkor' Tor Dintribution in Russia 7” ;
SRS SA pease πόλῃ τῷ ᾿ς dre ΚΌικυξαπιρννιςς EE: τς "
ΜΟΘΤΌΨΕΤΒ and GRECHUKHIN aoked CHILDS if it would kelp "The Worker" if ean additional 500 to 1,000 copies were orderad for distribution in Russin, Thoy oxplained that "The Workor" ig. sold |
out in Eussia almost as goon as it hits the nowsstand, ᾿
/ /, ‘ ᾽ν ’ is (First Nore Unknown) RESNIKOFF (phovetic) Δ Son ree gy AT Hh ig APOE ei kets es | SET pelle — | NOSTOVETS and GAECHUXHIN stated that one RESNIKOFF, ἃ .- 7 forner residont. of Philsdelphia,. Pennsylvania, needs vorificntion γ᾿ Seer eat ΟΝ 7 re a fos Me. fo.
of tho fhet that no was a mombor of tho Communist. Party ~ USA in Philadelphia duting the period fron 1980 throurth 1933; in-ordor to got: a pongion fron. the Soviet Union. RESNIKOFF has boon αὶ rosidont of tho Sdviet Union sinco tho middle 1930's.
Publicity in tho United States in Ro: ard to ARKOLD JORMNISOW.
NOSTOVETS ‘and GRECHIEHEN asked why AR} ΒΟΟΣ, recoived publicity concerning his. cros ssecountry trip to. obtain.
| information ab6ut cities NIKITA. KHRUSECHEY would visit in the.
. United States. CHILDS stated that tho ΟΡ. was the causd of this. — It sont domooro to ALEXANDER TRACETENEERG and/or JESSICA SUITE with the mossage to obtain thig informntion and matorinl. Tkeso people. involved other poopie, so it did hot bocone too difficult for United Statos intelligonce agoncios to discovor what was goirg on, CHILDS said that. 1: ‘the message to- obtain this. information had been sont to BUGENE DENNIS or ‘to CHILDS, this publicity might have. boon ayoided, This is ono of tho. voasons why it is nocessary to
| inprovo contacts between the: CPsy, and the CPUSA tn: the United States,
᾿ SAC; Chicago (134-46-Sub B) December 27, 1959
& Directory FBI (200-428092) OT
“INTERNAL SECURITY = GC ᾿ ᾿ Réurlet 12=7-59, τ a ᾿ “Ν ᾿ς You are requested ἐδ aduise as soon a3 possible whether you have Been able to obtain, azz . thfornation. from GG 5624-5" possession regarding _ : the.arganizattonal structure of the Comnunist Party Of China.. - . - ἃ * Ε 4 - - λ . Ν % 4 a . : - Cy ¥ | - ᾿ ΜΝ REN gg = A ALOU = pip > : 7 ΄ - ᾿ ᾿ ‘ ." Ψ - ΄ pe “τ want aly ; - " * ᾿ ” - ey, Belbont oo ΝΞ ς οὐ τὸ μὲν ἃ 8 DeLoach = #} - ΝΕ : : , « sons meet NSuke=——- = AT Ds med ΕΝ ΜΝ Parsons --......-.- (4) ; MAILED 5, τς Rosen —— ὡς - Tama = | 40 ᾿ Tester ἈΝ j ΡΕΟΊ 74959 © "Ὁ. Spivan a. Ταῖς, Room ss ete (tot Holloman os 12% πε eS ΓΑ
1 Ν᾿ * ᾿ . , | a , 7 Wy {2-25-55 )" . ΕΝ : 9 ¥ . . .
γ / sic, Chisago (I2d-46~Sub B} = - hecember 9, 1989
‘Director, FBI (2000488092).
ΝΣ 2 BOLD | de ὁ - REGISTERED MAIL
ttached is the translation which you requested by letter dated ii L?/ δῦ.
The - contents thereof, where pertinent » must be reported tunder appropriate captions and afforded whatever | Anvestigative m2 _. {attention is necessary. .
3.
Disposition of the foreign language material submitted in ‘this: connection is set forth below: : =
=
“et a ‘Returned herewtta, Copy of ναοὶ and tranelo tion Jurntahed
. | gat, ἰρσίαο Ci bye Copy of branaiation furntehed Nem, York per your Το σα ἀπ Ὁ: a τοτῦ te aif Wf ΝΜ DeLoad | ‘eo New York (1006134637) + anoloaures (2) : Ca MeGuire -- La Lagad Atiache, Mestou City - snolasures (3 ae 1 - Mr. ΟΝ (sent ὁ with ene losu Be 18 tesa Rogen es - — Ἢ Trater τ ΜΈΣ δὼ" fren ἤν “ἦν τ J elosure (route ΟΝ W.C. ϑυλναπι , ὦ.
TeleRpom -- -- ὥραις s " " vA τ ; " fo r rev iew) . Hatlemgn “- ay ἡ FIL: DIM 5 sy 34 dae A “ Ga a ΕΝ ΒΕ esa ( a ) 7 κ᾿ P Wen
TRAMSEATION FROM SPANISH
"RESOLUTION OF THE PLENARY SESSION OF THE CENTRAL Ὁ . COMMITTEE ON THE INTERIOR STRUGGLE ΤῊ THE PARTY .
The Plenary Session of the Central Comnittee of the ~ . Hexsican Conmunist farty, held at. the end of July<and the “. beginning of August, 1959, hes examined the situation of the .
. - * arty and the internal struggle which began at the Plenary —
~ Sesaton of Degenber,. 2956, and. has. arrived atthe following . _
“ =. @onelustone: τ ΕΣ τον ως -
“- _ Our Ραμ. 18. going through a Tong period of ertsis. which has. been especially apparent in the less, Little by : . Little, of tts influence otter tha masses. and by its pro= -, . gressive organia weakening. - Although political conditions. .» .." tn the country have béen and continue te be favorable for τινος the. trerease of the Party's influence over the masses, the . - farty has drifted avay fron ‘then and has. lost the infiuence . _ bhich tt had tn the past. This Joss in influence over the .- ~vmaases resulted in the organic weakening of the Party since. a proletarian party becomes tired ahd declines in the. neasure - that it loses influence anong the working and farmer nasses.. .
ΝΣ Tia crisis began to develop it 1997 when the ~ ἘΞ Directorate fornuiated an opportunistic rightist. line which led to thé loss of the political independence of the working eless, The nost important manifestation of this line pere . the policy of “unity at all éosts" (2937), the attitude ΝΝ tovard the governnent of CARDENAS, the adoptton of the οτος ει Pevistonisé views of BROWDER- (1944), the attitude toward the- ‘ governnent of AVILA, CAMACHO: and the first stage of the govern= ment of ALEIAT, τς τ Ἵ
. . One of the prtnoetpal mantféestations of the Party's crisis lies. in the fact. that ‘asa result of the erroneous handling of the internal struggle, the Party split. The creation of the Mezican Vorker-Farner Party in. 1948 isthe ~
Host evident eaoression of this sehvans The whole process of continuous expulsions, making use of nethods which violated © the Leninist norns of the Party,waa certainly peculior enaugh . -
τι x ~ 1
and ended tn a dipiston.
ΠΝ. a : jio- mca —
= “4 . we +. 7
TRANSLATED BY: PAUL JOSEPH LALLIzbjm ‘ree elt
November 27,- 1959. Cage 4-3 ὑτι τῇ “ΝΜ ΝΕ ΝΝ ΠΝ ΝΣ -2 “ Ε ᾿ - , . * _ . ; . 4
¥
atrugglés organizing and: edueating thet. "-"
| Lhe causes. of the Party's: ertats rests ‘first of @li in the ideological influence which the Mextcan- bourgeoisie
. .e@erotsed over the worker movenent in general: Qn influence
which penetrated inta the very ranks of the Party. In “the
second place, Marzist<Leninist principles were not assini-« - dated. by the Party. In. the third place, and a@s.a result of
4
the. foregoing, the polttical line of the Party waa. weak and
“-epring. In the fourth Place, the organization policy applied —
during all these years waa: tneorrect.- Lastly, during this whole period, a truly: Marxist-Leninist nuoleus was not consolidated in the Dirgotorgte. ᾿ ‘
the Larty aid not ιδὸζυς this. ortets. begause: tt. did . not . underatand the pagnitude.of the errors comnittee nor r their true stontficanee. It continued. to. nainta in erroneous ἡ - positiona in 3ts political line as well as tapor tant devia- tionss For a long tine tt did not correct the opportunistic. -
, pogttions of the right and the deft; nor did it. plan.a . ‘Gonsctous struggle -for the elimination of a11 these errors. cS
and: the elaboration of. Ὁ proletarian political tine.
- ‘ , a ™ os - 7 cd ε iad - - - - - 5 ν" “Tr we
* - .-
. ’ “ é ᾿ * 5 T- - Ν - Saad :
“ In the revent Bertod of ts activiti, OL7 Party has. of,
᾿Ζοδερα. @ political Ithe- -olearly tn, keeping with the funda~
néntal problens Of our Gouhtry: the agraridn problex, the pehetration of imperialien, the . situation. of the working.-~ - .
elasses and the labor nagssedy, the -perspectives ond Progress ~ of the nevolutton in he wioo. . . _
"“Ἔ
Our Party does not show. ttself in da tly Life as an.
agitue political eonbatant., In G11 this, the bureaucratic . methods which have been followed by the Directorate and whioh SY
aré the consequendé of concepts, nethods dnd, -practices fer .. ᾿ removed fron Lervisn=Lenintan concerning -the pole of the ΝΣ os
Party, have played a considerably negative role. ἡ . a
We do’ not ansber the. prince tpad probléens tn the -
daily life -.of the dountryy we show πὸ political tnitiative;s: . ΕΝ
we anpive after the -event,. This ts,a reault of our not having. conceived the Party.as a combative organization wiiose. nission ο. conaists in Jeading the masses. toward the revolutionary ΝΣ
a
ΙΝ All the foregoing clearly shone that at the present . tine our arty ia not fulfilling tts role as a vanguard organization of tie working elaas and the Mevioan people.
The working out ofa just politteal dine is one of 5 the primary conditions for achteving the role of vanguard by the “arty and constitutes one of the -undelayable tasks of | the Directorate. Lut evan this ts insufffictent. It ts aliso- neceascry to organj2c the application of thts political Line and to prove ἐξ uvon the basts of nractice. _
_ ss But without good organizational work, the best polittcal line fails. Here resides another of the principal - defteienciées of the Party which it io necessary to correct.
There ia no* good organizational work. The work of organi- cation has.béew conceived tn a hureaucratia feahion and pow |
esa function of Ieading the Party to the application of a deternined political Tine nor with a vteu,.tovard preparing
14 for the fulfilinent of tts duties hefore the rest of the working class and before the masses. ὑπ the contrary, the Party's orgattcattional work has. been cancetved only to acconplish certain internal takes. Yor several years now — - we have been Ἰαδκίησ a edncrate plen. of organization. the organs of the Party are marching dinlessly, spontanéously.
The funetioning of celis ἰδ defective. Recrutting work: ta - neither prepared nor organized by the Directorate nor addes
. -this latter control the work of the State Comnttters and
- base organtéations. — * " -
At the present tine, menbership in the Party hes. been extremely reduced and the political cotivity of tts menbers ἰδ very 5111. For a population such ag Uexico's, ~ our warty 18. extrdordinaridy small and the number of briitahné workers Utthin the Party ts alag relatively very snall. -
- ‘Lony workers who have entered the party abandon tt because they do.’ not find here the satisfaction for their. aspirations for fighting; they do not receive the attention. necessary in order to fPadtse thetr ideolegical and poittical developments they do not feel that the Leninist nornsa of organization are being obserued, suck as cell niiitancy, the anpligation of vanceratio centralisn and the ezéercise of
4
consctous: discipline. - The causes of all this are evidently internal
‘eauses which residd-in the “arty ttoelf. Ve cannot attribute these causes to objéctive conditions nor to the peculiarities.
- Se
- of the Mexican working class whieh has well known revoluttonary ‘and combative traditions, The causes. of the situation which. the “arty ts suffering ate fundenentally to be'féund iw our< selves, in οἷν defective and ¢rronedus work. They are polittoal2 and ideological causes which are related to the political line which our Party haa apolied during the Iast | yeu yeard aa well as related to the concepts: which kave -
. predoninated tn ‘the organs of the Liréctorate. Nevertheless,
ἘΝ ἐδ to necessary to take -into ‘account the influence ΟΡ | objective Bondttidng which do.nod depend tipo the. will of Ὁ the Party. ΝΞ ᾿ ΝΣ
" fhe erpars in the political line and thé αὐτὸν in organization aiso aten fron thé lack of union between Horzisn~ Leninism and the firm practice of the revolutionary novendnt — ᾿ in our country, Subjectivisn, tn. tis nenifestations of enpiricysn and dogmatism, hds prévailed. in this order in the Directorate of tie Party. and constitutes. an inportant
.. obstructton to ἢ 8 development. - '
ae The. Party and the: Directorate, in, particular, will - corrdst their errors and enier upon the rodd..of thetr ;
τ - inpetuous development on the -basts of combating and .ovér= _
- throving subjeotiuton. dnd all ideas and coourrences foreign - -. oe to δίαγ ϑής Lhis stonifies. that the ideological bas¢ its | og . fundenental for the σαν νον ἢ of errars, conbinéd vith the _. enérgetia- cetion. and efficient political wark of the Party: among the massese. 2 Π᾽- τ᾿ s
“ -
TIT : . .
: The sttuation described above has created discontent - among the--baseg of the Berty. and among nurerous cadres. . : ΄ ‘The peeting-of the IX Congress of the Connunist | . Party of the Sovtet Untow provided the principal opportunity — - . _ for tmportant. seotors of the Party and intermediary cadre to . τ "_* "demand thet thé. Nattonal Directorate profoundly change. tts . style of work dnd diréotive methods, and σεστι πος ΑΚ, ua αὐ ξ΄ 4 “the past exsertences of the Party and its present situation.
Nevertheless, the National. Directorate continued
-"
“ clinging to tts erring positions, not carrytng on a truly 7
a
self-critical discussion as the present ‘situation and
F ¥ Me
¥
necessities of the Pdrty denanded and stil] dexand. he
National Directorate did not head the Party tn the struggle
κ
for the correction of these errors, Τὸ nointained - essentially the old errors without correotion ag. well as the nistakes and deficiencies hoth in the .genercl work of the Directorate ἀ8 uell as inthe problens of the internal life of the arty. |
«Lhe ettitude of tle Directorate, conatatent in pdstponing. and. constantly delaying the discussion cad the solutton of the sértous problens of the Party for two and one-half years, has greatly damaged the Party): '.':% repre= sents a sertous ps STARR Vick must be crivietzed py’. thé vhole Carty.' ae
rp our Party and especially the, Central Connttice
had foiloved the path Ἰατὰ out forthen in the Plenary Gession
of Ooetober ~ Novenber, 1957, thay would have already so lued nany of: the problens which they have heen oonfronted with
during thig-period. . The wring attitude of sone cadre ond
ntiittents, whi sav the internal atruggle which kas developed. —
™
within our ronks-as the product of the action of the eneiys —
= “ +
consisting of reviotoniat tendencies, has wot helped the | Party but sértously danaged it. - οὖς
All this Jed to the sertcus situation in which the
Party found ttsalf at thé tine of the present Uienary Session. in fact, our Party has adn split into 0 groups. ἐπὶ ts - not a formal schism on the -organtc plone but an: objective fact.
Before the nunerous probiens of the interned life of the - Party and of tia notte tes,t the: εξέγαϊ, gonnittee split inta
two groups, which we have called the najortty. and the ninority
of the Central Committee and which 19 algo refiected in the Larty base. ae ΝΣ
In waking out the balance shegt of this. intern αἱ
- etruggle, thé Central Gonntties has reached the conelusjon
that, in gpite of the many and inportont differences which have nanifeated thenselvés and which nust be solved upon ἃ
μῆς"
- paats. of prinotples, there extst no profound adtserepancies
| in the %tdeological and theoretical plane and that both.
groupa are trying to apply Marcisn-Leniy tare Nevertreless; both groups have one fault; the absence of a polttioal Jine. vetther one. nor the other has. tried to harn the Farty. Τὰ
would be treorvect to assert thet either one: neinta mec Liquidating or revistonisé cttitide with respect to the Farky
or that etther one δ. σὴ, enény of the karty or of the working C1A83'¢ - ΝΟ ! _
ὥς.
τι
—_
However; the existence of discrepanctes which have
not been justly solved does great danage to the Party. Doth . groups are responsible for this situation, especially if we take into aocount the fact that the dtaputés haué taken place within the National Directorate of the Party; Jt would not
be right to. blame the situation upon only’ one. of thé groups.
. Howevery we nust netther forget that the higher the directors, the more reaponstbtlity they have -to the Party. The principd? x responsibility Jor thé present situation nust be given to the
! so-called "najority” of the Central Conmnittée. τ
| Our Party nust face the grave Pesponsibility which falis upon ita shoulders: vith determindtion, in order to = +. finally solve ai1l.those problems which have -beén under. ~ —~ discusston for the last three yéars. It must deepen tts “ orttical exaninattion.of the diréetive work and of the: : sitiution of the-Party on ali planes. Jt. nust correct tle - errors which have_béen comnitted in ‘the process of ‘this. internal struggle and give ἃ clear and. firm basis. for the
development of our Party and for the growth of its --
influence .ovér the masses. i. Doe an Lhe noat tmportant. task of our Party and: ahove ald, of the Central. Connittee,.consists of re-establishing the. _untty of the Party. on the basis. of principles, the correction Of errors cornhnitted, the nastering. of prasent deficiencies, and of finding the right path toward the increasing of .
τι political adtivity within the Party, converting tt into the
based upon the résolutions of the Plénary Sesston of * — Decenhér,. 1956; and σέο δ} ~ Noveubér, 1957, αϑ well αϑ on the Resolution of the Conference of ‘the Party in. the Federal Distriot, held in Auguat - September; 1957, and upon the reaolutions of the present’ Plenary Session. of the Central " Conmitiee. The résolutions of the Plénary Session of October - Novenber, of tthe Central Comnitted, arée conpletely up to the interdsts of ‘the Party, ᾿ Ν ὌΝ ΕΣ
- banner of the struggles of our peoplé. This unity nust be
οι In thia génse, ὧδ must continue the critical. πὰ autoeriticdl- process begun by the Plenary Sesston of December's ' 4956, and October ~ Novenber, 2957, which signaled the certain path toward nastering the situation of the Party and. whick was later corrected in praatice by certain agreenents: and 7880".
o# .
lutions of the Central Connitiee and of the. Political -
Gonnisatony whose agreements remained funcanental. ee
a
a = ne
xt = εὑ
~ 4
-_
“a
4, 7 i" . aL # in. Ι I i 4 4 i Ν
πὸ
Declaration .of the first Conference of Representat : Connintst Farties and Yorkers of the Socialis’ Countries, held. in Moyenber; £987. This established the fundamental . . progr¢matioc. theses of the comnuntet movenent in: the present, --
From thts we redlize the gréat invortance of the - present negting of the Central Connittée, upon.which depends the course which things in our Party will toke tn the. ae imsediate future. Our ?lenary Seaston ἐδ laying the ground= work por solving tke present grisis:-in the Party and for the:
achtéving of its interpndZ unity.
ih
Se re : ; The. Plenary Sasston of the. Central Jonni tie. has
reached. the conclusion thdt the present schisn tn the Party, wtth the abcve-nentioned characterjatios, was the result of” the following principal factoras | | β
τς 1. The Ναξίοόπαι Directorate of the Party dig rot underatandg the essence of the teachings. of the XX Congress
of the Connunist. Party of the Sovtet Union which influenced - the whole international “Gonnuntat’ noveneht very strongly and τ: Gontinuéd,. in practice, to apply nany of the old errdrg which |
,
were holding back thé Party's advance,
Ve can saysthe sine for thé ts. ier ὃ BR : es. of the.
historical -atage. ~ ‘ ie
- ᾿ After the XX ‘Congress of tha Communiat Larty a of the Sovtet Union (PEUS), the Central Committee held, — anong other néetings; the Plenary Sessions of Decenher, 1956, - and October - Novenber, 1957,. which established an tnportant hasis for aorrecting the erfors and defiotenetes which the Party has been. connitting for meny -yearse Neverthelesa, the -
- fundanental agreenents of ‘these Plenary Sessions vere not put - ;
inéo practtces | ΕΝ ᾿
+The strugglé within ‘the Party began because these” . résolutions. of the. Central Committee and of the XX Congress | of the 2CUS were not applied. Many of the attitudes’ of the —- rajfority of the nembers of the Central Conntttee contradicted in. practice the apirit of the ΖΖ. Congress of the. POUS,
ἢ - “" r τ - . h " -
-
os τὶ
' 2.. Asa result of the: influénée dteratsed bi the | XX Congress of the PCUS, there. arosa Ganong several of the τὶ cadre. and. ntiitants. of the Farty, the need to fight tn order . bo sransforn. the present, staté of affaira, to correct the . errdara. and défeots in directive work and to exoning with an
“‘autoarttical spirit, the oondition of the’ Zerty. and the
causes which have Jed. tt 40 ita present ‘stakes This tendenay:
“” had. ite clearest. expresaton in the Party Conferancé in the ~ .
ες κα
Federal District in August = Sentenber, 1957, which subjected
the. Directorate of the Party to’ critioten and whose viévs
were. justly upheld in the Plenary Sesstona of October = Yovenber, 1957: - Ν ον Ο
The faot that the fas ionad Difiectorate has not adopted.a just attitude in ‘the fact of this. tendency ἀπ. μα attributed to. tt α character which ἀξ dtd not have, con-
"fusing tt with a struggle to capture the posts of the ΄. ᾿
recterate, in. much the, pane way as the National Directorate plénned. to solve tscrepancles, only contributed $O. conpli— cu te ‘the Party ts attua tt ons _ ᾽ν
᾿ ἃς Another inportant cause, sop the ‘abnisn of 3 thé " Party. rests in the: violatton of the norns of interndl life such as the incorrect attitude with respect to criticton and ayso-criticisn, the crysking of internal denooracyy -the . false policies of the cadre and the appiication of a uni- Lateral concept of. ‘denacrat to. centraltan,
| 4. The dtscrepandiés “:. + sak? arose Ya the Central Conntétee and betogen this 1atéer and the Connittee: of the. - Federal District as pegards the union tactics of the Party,.
“particulerly with reference to the-problen οὗ hop to treat
the government union Jeaders. and. how. to interpret and. ἐδ, apply in practice: the line of united- actions . (Be Another réason for diserepanciés tn the Direotorate of “the Party consisted th how to treat the problen. of the - FarnersHorker Party; ἃ diserepancy which oudninated' in ‘the oo. agreenenta of the Plenary Sesaton, of January, 1959, which , *
hindered the Juss Solution: of the problén, of uniting ‘the tw0 -
partieg. -
8s. The ; prdbzon of the convokting edict ond. the nature. of the 13th Gongress has also been a producer of serious discrepancies in the Party. The agréenents of the Plenary Sesaton. of January, 1958, wild play an. especialy
ΕῚ πῆ’ x
negative role. and will changé the nature of the Congress dnd
the Gate of tta celebration agrecd uxon by the Plenary Sesaton of Getober - November, ΣΤ also changed the constent delay
of the Congress and the trregularities in ifs preparation.
. 7, Within the Central Connittee there have extated ~ different views cancerning uuchk important problens as the characterization of the praesent state of the Party, the process of the Party's development in the last twenty yeara, the causes of ite tiring and the probien ofuhether the lerty ts or ts not aeconnlishing tts rode of vanguard at the présent tine.
ὃ, Qther inportouné questions hdve also been the motive for discrepancies such. as the characterization of the governnent of £012 CORTINGS, the activity οὗ. the farty in the nast eldetoral cappaign, the defining of the prinetpal Canger for the farty at the present tine and nany other questions, although the disousateon of these problens was not developed.
9. The bungled Jeadershtp of the internal struggle v νος Was not AES ee wpon fundamental ideological and political Vproblens fie cttenpt ta solve internaz contradictions by
τ «néans of organtsation and not by means of clearing up the _ probleng on a theorétical and poljtieal piene. The internal battle wes wrongly conducted by both sides and if it had con+
‘tinued on this road there extated the immediate canger of an
organic division tn the Larty. The minority tried to get the
base of the Party of the Federal District to oppose the: .Mational Direetorate and the nejority tried. toget several organizations to oppose the Connttiee of the Federal District,
10. The Jack of auto~crigictsn basad uvon the errors. of. the past) We mes erpora conmttted sjrice the accentuatton of the titornal struggle betng exanined in this Plenary ¥ S@saton dee Oratry comer Ht print Arison, |
- Ἃζς In the Farty schiem, ‘the leaving off of fraternal . relations anong the nenbers of the Nationel Directorate ὁ played en inportant part as did the leaving off of fraternal ralations among other internediary cadre of the Party. This vag done to the degree that name-calling was prevalent without the least justification. Agreengnts tere rade on natters which had not béen couplebely investigated or proved. Eaving
' decided that in thts sttuation. the nain responsibility was
- ἢ =
li
t -
ΓΗ
ΟΝ
duet to. the soecalled "majority, the Plenary “éession has arrived at the concluston, thak also the comrades of the "minority" of the Central-Gonnittec, as vell aa the Gonnittes of the Federal District, connttted certain errors whieh contributed to sidetracking the internal struggle fron tts proper contents and which contributed to yiolaticns of the prinetole of denogratic centralian.
in placing before the Farty base in the Federal District their point of view which was contrary ta the
- agreement of the Plenary Sesston of kay, 1959, concerning
the postponenent of the date of the 13th Congress and the changing of it¢ nature, some comrades fron the “minortty”
af the Central Cannittee violated the discipline of the
“ -
ἐσπέγαζ, organ,
. The σοπιταᾷσο of the δοπαύδίασ of the Fedcral District have théurred violations against denocratié centraiion in repéating their help of the faticnal | Directorate in the aeconplishnent of several Concrete tasks; jm heglecting completely the taaka referring to the dtstri- bution and payment of the "Votoe of Metico"wdthe voters of *- the Lireetorate for ἃ gertain peftod of tine.
On the other hand, having token un too nuch tine on the disgugatons of internal prodlens ond naglecting the ergante strengthening of the Party, this Jatter also played - a nego% iva role in the work of the Connttted of the Federal
District. - . ) _
Thése negative attitudes. vere not justi pied by the
| fact that the Hattonal Dircotorate vas conmnttting sartous
errors and was not adopting the correct att{tude vith respeot to the organization of the farty.in the Federal Dtstrict.
+. Although the Gentrar Connttteé id not unaware of . the nertts of she Central Connittes of the Federal Distriat. in this internaZd atrugglié, 14 considers 1% necessary to oak.
*
the Conmittee of the Fedéral Diatrict to exanine tts aotiuity
auring thta period anto-critically in’ order to carrent the.
above-hent toned Errors.
_. Bhe Plénary. Session ἐδ of the opinions on the other hand, that the poatttons of what.vas called the “ΤΡ ΠΟΤ ἐμ within the Central Connittee, the Politigal Gormisaton and the Gonnittee of the Federal Diatriot aré not revistonjsis,
4
thing elses
nor wi those who. upheld these positions réutatonists om any~
amy 10 ὋΣ
{Ζῇ the Plenary Session the followiig discrepancy » arose: Aeveral conrades are of the opinion that during the years of intérnal struygie the Comntbtee of the Federal
- District deted as a larty within the Party, not because. it
had ita oon 2pogran but beeduse t¢ had argued with the | Dirdotorate. Other conradés were of the optaton that this opinton tanot juat, that tt does not reflect the true — position. of the Connittee of the Federal Districts; since
it mecna thet thta latter acted as a faction within the hartys This does not correspond to the truth. Lue to this, tthe Plenary Sesaton decided te submit this discrepancy to- | the consideration of the whole Party.) . : ,
¥
After dAauing constdered previqus arguments and after having dtscussead the report presented by the Belegatipon. ἐσ the 2let Congress of ‘the PCUS and by the. Polttical . Conntaston, the Plenary Session. of the Central Conniitee arrived at the followtag reaplutions: ΕΣ
Ie Ne-establish conpletely the Lenintas ΠΟΥ 8 of the internal life of the Partyas well aa the directive lenintat principles. ΤΟΝ hdue been violated during the _ lasé fou years, pertioularly during the pertod of internal
. struyolée. Phe Gentrazl Connttiee hag reached the conoluaton
=
that i% ust dear the nain responsibility for thé. violations of the past and, that tt must lead the way toward the ree establishing of these norns throughout the whole Party hose.
dn crushing the epitiocism of the base; ἐπ accusing the organs and pomradea who criticized. the work of
- the Central Connittec-and of the Political Commisstony ἐπὶ nok fulfilling the agreenents of the “lenary Session of
| Decenber, 1956, and of Ootoher = Hovenber, 19875 ‘the najority -of the Central Connittes violeted the nain principle of =~ internal Zife th the Forty; Gemodratio centralicn, —
| The Directorate of the Party committed grave errors in the baging of the internal struggle. in reaching this. conclusion, the Central Committee prozeges to change © the ortentation, and practices foliosed up to now ‘and wall
pe-entablish confidence in thé Party.
» IZ «
2s Toe: . ‘- ro -- oA ae re
΄
4 - - 3
- - 7 = ε ry - - . a O | | Ὁ - . =! .
‘The -expertences of the international comnunist « hovenent and the .movenent of our oun Party show that when discrepancies as serious as this crise cithin the Party and when one tries to confound thé conradés who ure trying to. correct the attuatton by means of oriticion, this leads to the violation of the norns-of the internal life of the Party | as well as deading to the appearance of negative phenonena tn the. nethods used, Se
Zhe vtolattiona againat the principle of
colleativé leadership, which. were condenned by the Plenary - - Sessions. of Decenber, 1956, and October =~ Novertber, i957, — | continued to be committed tn thesperjod thereafter. This conplteated thé postition of the Party. and sharpened tha ὁ ΝΞ disarepanctes. With the goal of correoting this situation, —
the Central Conntttee adopted several conorete resolutions
which are gone into .in dataiZ below and thought tt necessary
to daolare that tt would scnation any new violation connitted — _tn the future.
_ . Lhe Central, Committee helleves that oritictemy, | éspeatally crittotan an the basjo devel, ta the most effictent’ vay to correct the présent aituatjon of the Party and calls upon all communists δὸ be vigilant and to disregard any.
. actton, from any source whatsqeuer, bhioh tends toward nininizing oriticten, 7 } :
τὸ
| «By -Convoke the 139th National Congress of the Party for the first half of December of thia year. The ; correct preparation for this Congress has becone the funda-. nental dink in correcting and doing avay with the present Sttuation of the Partie
- . δῷ Plenary Session considers that the preparation: of thé 139th Hattonal Congress is the most . _tnportant task of the Centred Vonnittee and of the whole - Party and -condenns any-trreguierities in .ita preparation, whieh weré ortittoized by the Committees of the Federal District. The Plenary Segsston aonstdera, Likewise, that the ΄ constant celaying of the Congress has: played a negative role _ during thia pertod of internaZ struggle. Jt had become tadisnensable to. have ἃ posttive and complete interchange of | ideas on πο to prepare for the 13th National Congress which - ot12 transcend’ these irregularities ond agsure the realization. “ of α preparatory ccenpatgn which ts in keéping ith the needs | and interests of the Partys ᾿
oa JO m,
a 2 a -- - =
-
* 4 Ν Pra 1 . ‘* -
The Central Conmittee has décided that the Congress must be prepared through wide national, dtscussion of ail probleme based on respect for criticisn, respect for the opiniona of G11 conrades and baséd on complete internal desocracy. Without these conditions, the Congresa wtll not be able to fulfill ita objeotive of uniting the farty and working out a foir line etther as regards: the policies of the Farty or as regarda tts organtcation.
The Central Conmittee has agreed ἐδ restore the 13th Congress to the position which was given it by the. | Plenary Session of Ootober = Novenbers 1957) when {ὲ was established that: "The exdnination. of thé prasent isttuaéton of the Party, its causés and the directive work do_-: no¢. eibrace only thé normal pertod betweén. the 22th ant the 13th Lational Congresses, but the lest 17 years of the Life of the Porty. With a arttteel ond autsstritical spirit, they sunnarize thé experience and generalize the teachings of thta period."
oo The Central Connittes designates an Organizing fonnisston. af the Coigress entrusted with everything regarding the idéalogical dnd organtactional preparation of the Goncress. “his: Connisston nust take chorge of evérything relating to
the preparation of the Gongresos organization of the 185 cussions, addition of articles and potsrials to be Giocussed, preparation of the State Canventions ond σον ἐγ of the pase — ticipation. of basic organizations in the discussions.
, The immediate task of this Commission is to ς΄ fornulate a picn for the political platforn of the Party which zs to be presented for discussion threughout the whole Party end findlly approved- by the @ongress. ‘Thta platform ta to be the furndanental docunent for the préparatory discussion of the Congress and takes the place of the _ "Discussion Laterial” published preuvtously by the Central Gonwittec, The Organtzing Commission of the Congress will . be nate up of the following comrades: FUAUTE CARESEA (Cérntral Comntttec) » DIQHNISIO ΒΙΙΟΣΝΑ (Central Connittice), JUSSFINA LEON (Central Connittec), EBPLIAIRO MALDONADO (Central _— Gomntttee), ARNOLD LARP ING2 TenbGeo (Central Gomnittce), _ RUDE CLIVARES (Central Connittec), MALUEL TENRAZAS (Central Comnittee), JUAN PABLO JArNa (Central Cornittec), J. Fy BUCARIAOION VALDIO (Central Conaittée), ALEJO HSUDEZ (Committee, of the Federal District), GREGORIO CASTORENA -(Goahutia); AUADOR- GRACIA (Tanculipas), LUIS RIVERA TeRRAZAS (Puebla), LORENZO VASQURZ (Jalisco), RAMI’ DANZOS PALOUTUO
- 2g Ὁ
- «
~ -
~
(Sonora), J, EXCARKAGION CASTRO (Zacatecas), RAFARE LO25Z - (4ftéhoacan) ; JULIO PRADO (Βαα California):, SAMUEL LOPEZ. : (Odzeca), TOMAS GURVA (Nuevo Leon), and PRISGILIANO PREZ
(San Luis Potost).
this Conatesion. ta not substituting for the. Central σου δος this latter is to appoint tt, entrust to tt the preparation of the 13th Nattenal Congress and is - to give it wide povers in order to do this, Jt tia not free frou the authority of the Central Connittee but depends. on | thia latter and must act. in accordance vith the powers given it, _ ΝΞ τον τς ΕΣ
: Lhe planned polfitcal platforn whiek the . Orcantzational Commission of thé Congress works usd .shoulid be given to the Central Connittee for consideration in order that .this. latter Comniticea night discuss it, approve tt, and send ἐδ' to the Party for disoussion. | .
The Centrai Connittee resolves to reotify ἐπα. agreement adopted by. the Plenary Session of Januaryys, 1950, — whick planned to hold ‘the 13th Congress in the city of ΤΟΥ τ σον. Coahutia, and has: décidéd to hold this Gongress-in - the: Federal District. hid deciston doea not magn that a Congress of the Party cannot. bé held in any region or state, ΤῈ is heing adopted bécause the Federal District. tas the = — working center of the. country and where, at the present tine, _the répercusstons: of ‘the Congresa vill be the strongest. . fhe present conditions for holding the Congress. in the .- -
Federal District: aré, also better,
rat
ΜΝ “πὶ
--
τ ὥς. Undertake @ wide idéoLogical campaign .
_ throughout the whole Party, planning and organizing this canbatgn well, with. the goal of uprooting false concepts,
- the influence of bourgeois idedlogy, the -incorrect nethods ~ of the carrying ohn of the jniérnal struggle within the. - | Party and the: incorrect netirods of uorking styles at. ali a deveis. The Party nusd immediately undertake’ a resolved. on struggle for the assintletion of general Karzist~-Leninist - principles anong tts militants and cadre. Thta ja neceacary
1.
in order to set up the basis for tts bolshevtzation. “ἘΝ
. The Central Connttive entrusta the Connisaton wtth the tnnediate preparation and appiteation, of this
concrete plan. - .
me Id δ,
»
*
*
£
ΝΕ ᾿ - it nuat pe recotnized that there éxists in our Farty ἃ low tdeologtcal end political level. Theory ts Giscained and no great inportance ts gtven to ideological wnark, hia situatgon nust. be amended: tt must no Jonger — CORTINUG. | 7 ἘΞ ΕΝ ᾿ .
Tria begores nuch more indiapensable tf we . take ints aecount the faet that the key to Party unity lies. _ in the farty's abtlity to. join_utth the masses and above ; ail with the vorking cicss, in that ¢t ia able ta firaly -2 fotn with the working nasseson the basis of just strategy and tacthtes, depending upon Larrtan-Leninism and on tha true ~ gtudy.of the riattonal situation, interpreting this sttuation © in the. light of the theats of dtclectic matertalisn and | historic ngtertalicn.. Thus the organization and control of the study of the Larrist~Leninist theory mush be elevated to
the category of α funcanental task and not oniy words, .
throughout the whete Party. and especially by the Central
Gomnittee, in-order to achteuve,the raising of the tdeological
dnd poltttcal evel. of the. larty, especially its direating
+ @adre. - &#
- baal - - [οὐ *
---
the The Plenary Seastop considers that one of the main taska of ‘the Party ts to. positively sodve-. the problan
-. Of the existence of the: Farner=Vorker Farty, ‘based οὐ the
- organio unity: of tke two. parties. There exists no reason .~
for prolonging ‘the existence of o party whiek bases ita. - ’ gobtion. om Larzisn=Leninign and vhich destres whity with the
Lgnican. Connmist Party. Those diserepatiates whieh bontinug - ~ to exist can be resolved on the basis of fraternal dis- πὶ
ld
cussion and with the goal of untty in the interests of the worker movenent. _ ᾿ | . |
_ Tae Plenary Séaston has decided to taneed the’ . resolutions made by the Plenary Gosaion of January, L909,° +” .
Gonserning this prohlen because thode resolutions do hot . ~ _.epntribute anything to untty. | | ew 7
SO | Tie: Plenury Segston is. agreed upon proposing to the Directorate of thd Farmer-Yorkar Party the tnnediate - Fealtzation af djsausstiona béetycen the Natjonal Dircotoratcs of both parties in order to arrive at α unanimous agreenent’ sonterning the manner in which, to, definitely solve the .
- problen of untty and with. the objective of arriving αὖ | cohmon points of view on those quéstions Where giacrepanotes perstst. = — °
we 75 Ὁ
*
r - . Η ag - τ ~ κ . “ “ a . - . ” ‘ - τ "
. . .
* ‘
% . τ 1 . . - ΄ . % * ” ‘, a -
As for immediate aotion; the Plenary Session agreed to propose to the Directorate of the Farner-Yorker Party the fornation of a coordinating conntttee of the two . parties in order to join, thetr efforts in ald aattivitien ᾿ and to adept the ϑατθ line in the face. of national and international probiens,
_ fhe Pisnary Session agrees to invite a numerous delegation of the Farner=Vorker Party to the 13th attonalZ Gongress. — oe . - _ Phe Plenary. Seagston olsa resoluds to authorize. . the holding of jotnt neetings of tho Political Connisaton and the Exéeutive-fomnisston of the Mezican Farner-Vorker Party; as well as with the State Connittecs dnd the. baste organs, whenever necessary, The waetings of tha State Fonmittees wili be authorized by the. Political Comnisston and those of the basio organs by the State Connttteed.
᾿
| 5. The Plenary. Sedsion considera that the. dis- ‘erepanay whieh arose both within the Central Conmittéee and between this latter and the Comutttes of the Federal Distriot concerning the unton policy of the Party with regard, to the mathod of treatnent of corrupt and treacherous unton leaders, who ore representatives of the. governmént and the enterprises and with reference to the conprehenston. and application of _ the line of unity of action, must δὲ Solved on. thé bdsis of ὁ reoomnteing that tn practice, the position of the majority — of the fentral Connittéde in planning that the. economic ὦ . denands of the workera were to be raised first and that in the heat of this battle the nécessary conditions for un ᾿ ν΄ nasking the government leqders ϑϑῶλλ. ΛΑ to be created, hindered the atrugglé against these very. leaders and did not stinulate tt. ᾿ oo | - .
-
τον fhe Plénary Sas3ion vonsidera: that. 7+ is | incorrect for us to use this. "trial tactic” which canstats of ~
organizing. the economic struggles first and. then planning the “ struggle against the treacherous Jeaders or vied versa. The
. atruggle for econontc déenands and the battle against | treacherous leaders form a untt and are closely united ang @eannot be placed one hefore the other. Sverything denendg on particular cases since there are ocgastons on phich the. atruggle against a certain treacherous téader ts olosely
- pelated and tll tumediately untte the workers and lead than _ inte battle. —~ ‘ oO : | |
» 16 = τ -
»
- Ee. Party must head and direct the battle agatnat treacherous. and governnént leaders. It must not.
. give up this battle in. any case of for any.reagon. = Gommintsts within the unton will .act tn accordance witth-the - specific sttuations, always coordinating the defense of the. specifia rights of the workers utth the. battle against the —— - false leaders until their elinination. ie dehtevéed. ._ ἢ
The Plenary Céssion considers that. dne off the- causes. Uhtch have determined the incorreot attitude of the - Party's Directorate as regards thé gtrike movenents of Jast year, rests in a false: and dognatic conception of the tactics of united dation. -Through féar of provoking official leadera such as. W. SANCHEZ, through fear of dtuisiony we have madé a. fetish: of unity of action with. the leaders, without realizing that unity of action ts basteally obtained throughout the | base of the Party, anong the workers, subordtnating relations with the leaders to the ottttude they naintatn. regarding the — workers’? titerests. | ae | a . The Plenary Session thinks, that noteithetanding . | the everijincreastng partrorpation. of: connunists in movenenta, - ‘the battles of the masses. last. year were not organized by. the Party but. had α spontandous neture and were fundanenitally econontc,. The political repercussions and tmplicattons which these wovenents had, daubtlessiy of great inportance and meanings. do not change this nature. - . a
“-
; 6. Fhe Central Committee believes that in sptte of the dectatons of the Plenary Sesaion of Décembér, 1956, and October -- Novender, 1957, the abovescriticized jncorract nethods in the: work of the Diréetorate Jorgely, continued.
_ - Wo héed wad paid to the criticisms, the gdvice aid proposulsa of the Party base, The untpersonal nethod of
the Directorate as well as the incorrect attitude toverds the
dadre who are responsibie for critietzing, continued to. .pra- —
dominate. Ahove all, bureaucracy, which has manifested itself . . in. the political inoperativeness of the. Bireotive organs, has continued to predominate. Thess directive organa do not gtve
@ favorable political orientation, do not intervene in the. outstanding proeblens of national political iife and leave the Farty- without dn effeetent and tried Directorate.
ns
- Δ = ; . ᾿ .
of cadré,
opinion.
hax not ἢ itself in the work of the Diractorate.
As regards the policy of promotion dnd: 9
In the ranks of our Sarty the cult of >é
electton. perdontlisn has predonincted; that is, the tendency - to expel”, cadre ~-becauae they held this or that critical
rsonaLizy .
gt been exiled. Thia hds continued to nantfest “
The sane rnethods: of
ordér and command have prevatled as well as nanifeshyttions -
a -
γασϊοαξ
of sheepish following aud nepotisn. A-fow σοπγαᾶοδ have ᾿ . bean the onea.to decided fundenental cuestions on the ΤΊ 79 of. — _ the Party. ; τ - ΝΕ The Plenary Sesston believes thet « -ohange ts neeéssary in the manner of work done: by
the
Political Commisaion and by thé Secretcrias. Thess dre the organs entrusted vith datly polizical direotive actions ard πος with the control of everything in the Marty vork.
activity depends the putcome of cgreements mace
Spor ite
_ by the ὑπο
Central Conntttce in cach Plenary Session as well-as the
σαί activity of the Party. rather euppdses the yes ponat bil? ' Central Conaittee .as regards vigtianee and the fulfilingnt of agreenents. ον 4
believes that nust be changed...
This does not discard but oe bility of the nembers of the” —~> the control οὐ -—
On, the: other handy the Plenary Sesston | the precent concep? of thé Central Connittee The Central Connittee has heen consicéred
ἃ consulting organ-concgrned. with giving deotstons upon internal probiens of the Party,. The Plenary Sesstonm con= tsiders the Central Conntttes to he/true Directorate of the
pants it te act da such fromnow one It nust
v Party and
digouas and décide nok only on interned pro
blens but on all
_ the problens concerning the Life of the farty cord pareyoum
dearly on the A strong effort must elso. be ma - Con tral Committee aosune their r and not only when the Plenary Session ncets,
neet onée cuery tut nonths in opeer to increase
eipatton
ΟΠ Θ᾽ s
/ the deats
ee,
ce problens of the ragses and political activitiy. de so that the néahers of the vasponstbylities at aii tines
“The Hentral Conmitter should, in. the future,
“itS= parts»
in. ali the. problems of thé Party and tn ‘arder to see to the fulfilling of 4.1.2. thetr dectsions itn an
opportune
γ, faking into adcount. the. fdet that accovding to
* .
tons of the Plenary Session of ‘the Centra
val
~ 13 =,
1 Comnittoe m ..-
-
᾿ “- "τ ‘ ΝΜ - seat ὦ - -νς " . - ω * a τ “ Ξ - = . e » π᾿ ' a a ᾿ 4 . Ὄπ ἢ - κω 4 a . » + " - x - - -- - - .
Lecenbers 1956, and October ~ Novenber, 1987, the Harztot~ | Loninist principle of collective. directive action haa not ' been re-established in our Party, tke Centra2 Connittee resolves to elininate the poot of Sesretary General of the . LOT EI. 4
kG Plenary Session designates a Sedretartat
of the Central Connittee consisting of five members and wade un of the following conradess DIONISIO BYCINA,. ARNILDO MARTIVES VERDUGO, JUAN PABLO SAINT, UANUEL TEREAZAS and J. EGCARYACTON. VALDIG, This Seoeretariat vill be entrusted vith the collective directive action of all the catly work of the. Party aid 111 collectively answer to the Céentral Cémniites
-and the Political Connission for tts actions,
The. colleosive dtrecting of all the fronts and orcens of the Party ts Gn essénticl condttion- far thé proven apylicatton of the-Party dine. Wo organ, enterprise or ‘acttuity can rematn ahead autside of the control of the Central Conntttea end the corresponding organs since this resulis tn sertous candges to the Life of the Lartiy.
| 8. he Plenary Session alsv. r¢solves. to elininate the commission for the work of the masoes since this. contri~ butes to concontrate tn thé hands. of a single comrade all the noes work of the Party. In the future, the mass vork must he controlled Gnd directed. by the Secretariat conbineds. without the deterioration of the-destgnating of the respects” tive lattonal Commissions ot whose head nust renain a single responsible vonmrdde,. '
᾿ : 9, Lhe Plenary Session resolves, to nodify the . previous decision of the Central Gorntttee which consists of _ granting the right to vote to those on the Politecaf = = ‘Conntsston who. request it; since this procedure ts in | violation of the internal rulés of the Party, These . petitioners to the, Political Connission and the Central- — Committee are equivalent to eandidates tn other. Connuntst Parties and only acqutré the right to vete when they beoone. full nenbers, | . .
~i9-
. i Ν - ν - 7 re 1 5 ᾿ , + . νὰν so? . . e ,, ae © 4 ν᾽ ᾿ ᾿ πὰ '
ι .»" ἢ
_ 10, Insofar ae Comrade NERIDERTO SAUCEDO has ieft behind hts other gonredes ard insofar as he το. longer parti- . Qtpates tn an eotibe way in the direotive work ὁ" the political connisstons the Plenary Sesaion has decided to renove hin from Kis position aaa menber of the Politica2
4
σον 585 ἡ 01.
Δὰς. The Plenary Séssion destgnates Conradé ARNOLDO " YARTINEZ VERDTCO as a nenber of the. Political Conntesion,
| 12, Insofar as Comrade JOSE A. SANCHEZ has abandoned the vork of the Party and renounced his post as neuber of the Gentral Committee, the Plenary Cesston hds decided to éxelude hin from the Central fommiftee. and to subntté his dase to the Control Connission.
23. Insofar aga Comrade FIDEL LONJARAZ has not | fulfilied his nininun obligation as a menber of the Central Conmittee, the Plenary Seasion has decided to ezelude hin . - from this organization. | |
λας ‘The Plénary Sesston destgnatas the Conradés | EDSIMIRO WALDONADO and RUBEN OLIVARES, as full nonbers of
the Central. Connitteé.
15. Taking into aecount the defietenctes and trreguiartties observed in. the work of thé Fund for Popular Culture, which haa not achieved the necéssary deveropnent,
‘bhich has not been acconplishing the function assigned to tt and due to the eztstence (sic) in. the accomplishing of sone of tts tasks, the Pléhiary Session fas decided to renéve Gonrade JESUS LAZCANO from hta position aa Manager of this. institution. εν
ΝΞ Insofar ag there are charges brought ἀσαΐποδ. the activities of Gomradé JESUS LAZCANO in the above~mentioncd tnotitutiony the Plenary Session has decided to tnatitute a brodd inveatigation of the ohargées madé. For thts purpasé tt designates a spectal conmiaston made up. of Comrades ARAOLLO © MABL INGE. VERDIGO, HILARIO LORENO and JUAN PABLO SAIHZ, -
Insofar as in the work of the Fund, the
Political Commission has not instituted dGollectiue directive action but untpersonaz directive actton; the Plenary <dsaton. has decided to appgint ἃ Counotl which vill collectively direct ali the work of the Futid. Zhis Councé2 wauld b¢ rade up of the following ootiradess T2ZINZUN. CARRANZA, MALUEL DIAZ PAUTEES, ELE DE. CORTART, ALEIO MEMDEZ and MIGUZL VAZQUEZ. Comrade MANUEL DIAZ RAUILEZ will agé as the nanager of the Funds ᾿ ~ |
7 τ πα Ομ, taking into account the mistakes of the organs of the Party in. the diffusion of révolutionary Utterature, the Plenary Sesstan resolves. to hold a disousston,
throughout the whole Party in order to take the necessary _ . ‘steps to stinulate the work of diffusion of Larzist Literature,
the payment of debts and the atveconplishing of'a work plan
- which wild work toward this goale
- 76. “The. Gentrel Comnitter entrusta the Political Gonmigston wtth working out conarete nedsures to atinulate Party propaganda :on. GIT Jevets, Without widespread oral
and written propaganda, the Party. could not convey to, the °
masses tts point of ytew on different problens of the. nmzéton'ts political .Jifesy. could not combat the antteoonnunist -
. and reactionary canpaign or suocessfully unmask the poltotes of dontnating and governing dourgeoiste. Ν :
Ὦ τι α ‘ _ * ‘ « “ἢ,
‘
2%, aking into aécount the-faot that the measures adopted by the Poltticazl Comnisston and later approved by ~ -.
the Central Comittee against Comrades MANUEL TERCAZAG, JOSE. LHONTZTANO and GERARDO. UNauETA, which anount te relieving
“then of their position as DireetoreManagér, Adninistrator -
and Chief Editor of "re Voiee of Nezteo,"” under the existing
_» condtttons of. the time and aongidering the conditions of the
interned struggle, appeared as political repression because of dlacrepancies tn thetr opinion with the najority of the - Central Conntttee, the Plenary Sesston has aeoided ta rectify this measure and nullify thie. sanction.
The Plenary Sésaton has decided. that tn the
‘future, the central organ of the Party cust" be directed by
a Counetdl rad up of the follozing comrades: JUAN PADLO | SAINY,, HERIDERTO SALCEDO, EDBIMIRO MALDOKALO, GEGARDO UUZUETA and UANUZL TERRAZAS. © | .
= “a F
-91 τ "
dB. Due Go the fact that the Central Control Comnisston destgnated earlier by a reforendun, haa renained practioally inactive, the Plenary Sesston designates a nev Control Commission made up of the following comrades: | JOSH CHAVES MOPALO; JORGE FARNANDEZ ANAYA, XAVIER GUERRERO, LUGS RIVERA TORRAZAS and SOTERO VALBES, Conrade Sorsro
| FALDES: ts designated as Presiden’ of the Gontroz Comnisston.
. "ὦ ms
patton of the work done by the comrades comntastonéd tn.
29. In view of thé fact that the Financtal control Conntsston formerly naned. by a referendun is no longer in existénce at the present time, the following comrades are designated as new menbders of the above. nentt oned: . . Commission: ADEL GABRERA, EDBIMIRO MALDONADO and LUIS SOLIS. So Comrade EDEINIRO MALDONADO ts named President of the Comntaston.
° ga, The Plenary Sesston has criticized the suspension Of thé revtew. "Liberacton" (Liberatton) and has. decided to have tt publtahed- again. -
ΝΞ 21, - In view of the aot. ‘that there exists pré~ occupation for making known ‘the ddnintstrative sttuation of thé . "Yotee-of Mextco" during the last few yeara as well as for “ a complete report upon the installation and finetioning of the periodical's workshop, the Central Conntttee hereby ‘entruats. the. Financial Control Commisston to make an. dnvestt. gatton, ond spresent a report to the Central Conni ttee'. .
- Ξ
32... The. Poltttcal Conntsston nat nake an etanie -
different zones of the country in order to. see that the-work
of the Party ts done, as well as to take the necessary measures:
for improving this work in ali the states on the basis. of . ἧς examining the sttuatton of each State Comittee. :
88. ‘tha. Central Comiitttes “decidés to- attinulate. the work of ‘the cells: within the Party: throughout the. wholé country in order that they nay ploy their role. better as ~ organs of directive action among the massés. While there. | exist; inactive cellg with insuffictent work; the deficiency. oy in the mass work of the Party will not be corrected. The oo Plenary Session has decided to reutew the work of each cell 7 through. the state organss. taking, the. hecessory step to
increase thetr works
24.. The Central Connt ttee ‘assigns t6 the Political > Commission the working out of the theses. concerning the - . sttuation of the working class; the sttuatton in the field and thé Party's agrarian prograns the states the dominant- classes and the charactertzation of the present government. “The Political Conmtsston is to present plans to the Central Connittee
7 ” an ων
- . " - κ᾿ ~ - = - -— 23 - > - ΕΝ
.. . - - 7 a Ν 1 » - " 7 - . “ - - - " - by - . * a . ry "᾿ - - t - -.- " . . ‘ ~ . ' - , = Ἐ - 4 “- » ψ ’ . - - ‘ +o - - - - - . -
254 The Céntral Committee believes that one of the immediate and main tasks of the Party ig increasing tts
‘political activity tn the. following Gireottonss:
a} “Raising the political work. of the Party among the classes. All the organizations of the Party and ahove
all the Polttical Commission, nust organize their work in
such a way that the fundanental nature of their activity vill be thetr connectton with the working and farning classes and with their problens, giving them proven and o6pportune soluttons
and organizing the mobilizations and struggles for thetr:
denanda .. . Δ) Ταρτουΐπρ ‘the ovgantzattonal-work of the Party.
Vithout good organiza¢tonal work it will be. | impossible to practice the political ortentation of the Party, - fhe work of the organization hes as tts objective to place the Party in a poattton to strutgle, to direct the MGSSC8 y to. strengthen the. Party. he Plenary Session considers that it ts necessary to complete the struggle for the. organic . strengthening of the Party on the baste of the recruiting of
mew menbera and the reincorporation tuto. the Party af those
‘comrades: who have retired fron. regular activity or havé « Placed thenseivés on the outside of the Party during certain
“periods but. who still maintain revolutionary positions.
4
¢) Developing the tdeologtcal work withtn: the
Partie - The Plenary Sesston. believes that in this respeot there.
is rodteg ané Of the great weaknesses -of thé present work.
.of the National Directorate and entrustd the Polttical
Comtitsston and the Secretariat -wtth. taking ¢21 neuetrea necessary for raising the theoretical dnd political level of % members of the Party. In: particulary, thé Plenary Seseion
τ believes that there should be organized a wide net of study
clubs throughout the Party and during this very year
| there should be created a Nattonal School of the Party.
τ
at τος ae
26, The Plenary Session considers tk necessary.
to catl the attention Of the Party to the fact that there is.
heeded everywhere a discussion concerning the concrete manner of work to §¢.-done for the formation of the denocratic: fund for natdoviod Ltberation tn accordance with the aotual conditions of each Locality. ΝΣ
(a7. The Central Conntttee reaffirns the plan πὶ of the: Plenary Session of October-Novenber 1957 to doubdle. :
--
Pod
~ 24 -
and raise revolutionary vigilance, to stop the polttical activity of tts enenies wtthin. und pithout of tta oun
ranks, The agenta of Amertcan tmpertaliam, and. of the Mextcan bourgeotste will continue to be tnterested in taking advantage of the critical and autecritical process
δέος must be taken. up again throughout the whole Party.
It ts nécgssary to really iziderstand that one. of the principal uays fo stop the activity of the enentes within the Party consists ἐπ increastng the crittcal and autocrittcal processes. The enemy would be. pleased if the Ferty did not advance, FPecause of thisy all of those positions of Tesistance ta crittiaisn, of opposttton ἐρ the. -transformation of the Party into the great Party: of the. masses thtch aur people are crying for, will not sérpe the vorking class, but will serve tts enemjes, Betng convinced | of uhich is. the right road terords thé solution of the Farty ‘sg: problems and to promote ite positive transformation, in order to fight to follow this road and carry ΤῈ forward; this ts . the greatest forn of exerotgting revolutionary vigilance. To | keep an eye upon the principles of Marzisu-Leninism ond on thetr creative application in the ‘national situation 73 the -bexé way to strtke hack αὐ the pastttons of the eneny. Thus it can ba coneludéd: that to battle dgainst ali kinds. . of devtations, degnatioc and sedtartan,, against all mahtfestations of revistonigsn as concerns the Marxist theory and aa concerns the principles of the Party, against all deviations toward the right of left th questtong of ἃ political nature and the organtzational line; ali this ts the best way to exercise revolutionary vigtiance. " : 28, In order to. place the Party on the vey towards achieving its role of vanguard of ‘the working class. and of the people, the Plenary Sesston considers tt necessary to accomplish the follosing fundenental taskas.
| a) Working quét.a politteal Line and a correct Strategy and tactics Based an the conerete atudp of the econontc and political situation of the country tn the light of Harzvisn~Leninten. oO
Ὁ) Characterizing. (sic) the ¢lass, the regine and the government at the present ting, in order that we nay clearly determine what kind of econdnyc and political trassformation Heated ποσὰ and uhteh practical nethods we nuset propose to the.ogea. :
-
~ 9ὃ “
- "ΚΠ - - . - κυ - - Sens , 4, . ͵ 4 ay - . σαν: : aa 1 5. a ν - ! . ᾿ . ~ Ἢ . - wn ; . “ . a . . ! ' 1 . . ἊΝ 4 , -- Ἀ "
-
6) Working out a Party prograt. trnediately déclaring a progran which contains thdad fundanentad points for rhioh our Party ts fighting. νον
4} Gonbating and ‘overthrowing all posttions of the bourgeotste and lover bourgéotisid ideologies Katich confuse the working class andhake tt deviate fron ita Atatorical objectives,
. Tae achieving of the role of vanguard by our Party σαπησὲ depend upon the working aut of the fundamental documents concerning tts strategy and tactics for tts-planned prograzs. The Party will conquer the nassea and will beconed theéetr Ξ ‘gtancard bearer only on condition that tn datly 15 the Ὁ masaes show thenselves ag political conbatants, aa the unwavering defendérs of their immediate interests as well as thetr pPuture interests. For this, the radical changes whitch the Party - nust make rust not rematn only written but nust becone practical ang extraordinary actions in. ofder t6 be carried — to thetr happy. and full realization. We must fignut 30 that the Party ag a whole 111 understand the heed for making a fundanental change in order to enter upon the road of con solidation as a Marxist-Leninist Party. . | . the critical sttuatton, prolonged. by what the Party has been gotng through, nugst be changed. The conelustons of this Plenary Session eatahblished the basts por this. | This base muat be breadenéd by the Party. For this tt tg necessary. to stimulate internal discusaton, disctss the tdeoicgical battle théereuchly and mobtitzé all compunists for - the pracsicai application of agreements and resolutions, Ag — ἋΣ result oy this. struggie a re-education of thé -cadre will | he realiazéd as well ag an education for the militants. Those- uho peststé ertticisn dnd above alls cadre and directars, aré being obstinate in thetr eectarianisn in the internal struggle, are becoming entranneled in the unwavering defense of érrors. and dre not setting an exanple by thetr oun 7 activity nor are they widling to struggle for changes and transforuations hich the Party needs. They wtil try to continua their present activities ond will have to be replaced tn their present posttions by the Party. |
vi.
=
» <
Ln establishing its. errera and defictencieg through —
- 26 «-
Ce —_ Oo Ter aT f »- =e νὰ oe . . . vA μ ς Coo.. a® τι
aute eritictsn, as well as by tracing the picture of the
présent situation of the Party, the. Central Comntttee has
based, ttself upon the tdea that the free potnting out of
errors will help the Party to correct bhem- and 1.1.1 tape de, “ their repetition ἐπ. the future.
In spite of tts errors and defiotencies, our Partit, the Mexican Communist Party, boasts of yrect traditions of battle an3. ddubtless wertte before the working oleuas of our country. io otherpolitical farty extating in Lexico has in tts power the merits of our Party. We could petnt out, for example, that our Party was the natn organtzer of the farmer novénent for land duting the pertod after the Revolution. Of 1910-17. Our Party ids buén the main ddieator and organizer of the great anti-imperialist moverents of the past decades
such as the expropriation of the ot] industry and the ratl- rodds. Τὸ great action. of the working class Has transpired . Dithout the Party’s dedided participation. It ts wecessary to nake this- clear at the present | tine because by taking advantage of the Party .tn ite - . prolonged tnternal crigts; elements within and oi thout the Party are trying to prove the inextstence ‘of this ΟΥ̓ ἐ8 and the impossibility of correcting the Farty's errérg and deficienctes. This. currents essentially a liquidating one, in whatever | -. vartations ἘῈ nakifeats itself; attempts to introduce a ‘denotalization, thternal struggle and dtssent wtthin our ranks.
In spite. of the deficiencies: pointed out, our Party has Raintatned: tuportant thfluence smong the farming masges of the states of Coahutia; Sonora and Laja Californta as well as among important: nuclet of the working: ¢luss. xe must fight tr order to preserve this influence and te spread and Gefend tts
_ Rhe basis. for correcting the stthation of the Party, for devéloping it in. the political ond organizational ι gense rests upon thé correction of its errors ad the μην . of the * Party based upon the principles of αν τι. απ ἐπ ὅτις, The Central Committee ta confident thak the af forta and the abnegetion of all communists, the spirit of the Party, the fatthfulsess to the interests of the working class and . . the prinetplea of Hardtan-Leninten utll prevatl over any other - constderation and wlll be the solid baots. for working out the - untty of tne whole Party and ite tratefernation, into the conbative vanguard of the Heakegn working elas.
a
‘The Central Comnittee calis upon all connuntsts. : ὧο. tnergasa thetr activity, £6 double thetr efforts to trans forn, -. our Party tuto the true vanguard of the working C1288. Lo HORRERS OF 18 WORLD, UNITE L
Hovice, D. Fo August 15, 1959.
| THE CENTRAL COMMITTER OF. GHB UBXI CAN cowrunrst PARTY:
- - "κα
"ther present ‘tine. and in the fULUTE
| Party
mh.
TRA NSLA TTON FROM SPANTSH
THE COMUT, SSION OF THE FEEMANBH? GOORDINATING COLT. ῬΩ͂ΣΕ. OF ” THR COMMUNIST PARTY AND TRE FARLER-PORKER PARITY
-“᾿
Joint Declaration |
. The Meztcan Communist Party and the Mexican Farner Worker Party have arrived αὐ an. tnportant agreenent- concerning thetr joint rélationa and activities. In: making-known these agreements of tindoubtdble interest and meaning. for the worken and popular. movenent, they greet the workers and the :people
of Mexico in this hour of great tnportance. for our country and for the destiny of humanity. |
4
7 =
--
~ Our two. _parttes have ‘hegun a new process. in ‘the \ treatnent- ‘of acttutties and -probleng which they face: together. . Thetr plan is to. re-establish withtn.a. short tine ‘the orgdénic
- unity of Mexican communists and’ the positive solution -of the
dtuision and erisia-of the communist movement in. our country, ~
- which haa been apparent in the éztstence. of two political -
organizattons which subsértibe’ to- the sane- ideological; programnatve. and organizational princtplea.-
-
Thia new pian. thus 18 of exceptional importance
“because of the erists which thé, connunist movement..hags been .
suffering for 20 years and becausd-tn the crucial situation tn. our country and the world, Ghe. drawing. together of our’ two parties, the coordination of thet? action on α11 fronts and:
thetr intexgration tite a Sttigle Marztst-Leninist organization
will havea profound influence upon ‘the Metican nation at |
The new plan which ‘we. nen tioned began with the. . agreements adopted by the Plénary Sesston of the Central , Committee of the Mexican Communist Party held at the end ὁ
" Ὧν ‘and ‘the. beginning - of August of this year. Thesé agreenents
permitted ug to successfully face the task of creating, upon. the. proposal of the Central Committee of the Hexican Communist (Pou), a Coordinating Corimitteé of the Mexican. Connunts ὁ Party and thé Merican. Farner-Worker Party; a proposal uhich-~" the: PCM has accepted singe be cotnctdes noth £¢3. own. unt suing objectives. ᾿ _ ᾿ ;
.- Φα . “t -- “
TRANSLATED ΒΥ: | ee
PAUL JOSEPH LALL Tre "ὯΙ
EO 40a
Po ΒΝ Ts
~~
ti
| fhe goals of this Connittea, chich has already been ὅταν up from representatives of the Directorates of eur two
parties, are to cocrdinute all of the activities of our two
parttes and to jotn then in a stngle political ortéentation.
/ -« Bae agreenanta of the Plenary Sesston of the Central Gonnittec of tle Mexican Communtst Party form the bases for the objective and just solution to the problems which in the Paat have separated. our two parties Gnd open the way for thetr — tuo Nattonoal Directorates to tnmnedtately examine the basic problems of the crisis with the ain of reaching organic unity within a short tine. shatever concrete unttarian forn te adopted, we are sure that τὸ witli decisively cantribute ‘towards ending the organic dispersion of Mextcan communists, towards fornulating a fair comnunjat policy and forging ἃ | singie proletarian political center. |
fhe Mexican Communist Party and the UWextcan Farner« Worker Party at the saae tine publish this jotnt declaration and express thetr firn deternination to be an timportert factor in. the progress of organization and mtlitancy tn ali patrtiotie and enti~inperlalist forces tn order to safeguard the- Soveratonty of thé uation; contribute efficiently to défend
‘Peace and friendship anong. nationa, achieve the reeacongquerizng
_ of constitutional freedoms and the itproverent of living
condtttons. anong the working classes, the farmers ang the whole Meridan people. : :
_ fhe Mexican Connuntst Farty and the Farner~-Workes Party wtli-do everything tn their power to form g denocratic ailiunce with other democratic and nafttonaliat parties and Jorces in order to. easenttally changé: the Mexican electoral régime. ke.are counting upon ἃ party systen where conpe tition tn cipic. struggles will be charactertaed by proparttional ~ ; representation in order to jointly undertake the realtzation of thése tasks. : We shald contact the Popular Party first.
They witli also try to 886 to tt that the working class succeeds tn forming a powerful single front based on
their econonte demands and for the cleaning up and denocratti2aing of untonsy indispénsablie supports in the plan to obtain a ~* substantial change in the policies ppoheoned tn the forefront
of the deatiny of Mexico. Upton, farmer and popular struggles require the formation of a poverful single front tn order to make their econonte denands heard and to successfully battle
for the cleaning up of petty leaders and for the independence of unten, farmer, popular and student organizations with
~ 2 ΝΣ
regpect to the poker of thé state. Our parties wilt gee td
- 2t,a8 much as posstble, that the workers of the ctty and the
country, the warkers in the gervice of the state, the students
and clerks, reach these tbjecttves.
Finally, we shall further with all our night, the struggle for the rights and privileges of the workers and the people for the democratization of the country, the tndependent development of the national econony, the Liberation of Herico from tts dependency upon North American oppression and inpertaitan, - and for peace. ;
. This Joint declération ts also a friendly and heart- felt call to the men anc women of Mertco uhether affiliated or not wtth the political parties, in order ta atruggie together
_ for the fulpidlment of the Conatitvution and for the re~céstablishing .
of the democratic liberties syapended hy governiental repressicn. Together we could stop thd gbudes of Itberty and constitutional | rights tchich gravgly injure the already reatricted freedong
and rights which our people werd enjoytng. Together ve could
9
ἀδύαϊη the redeade of all political prisoners and succeed in
‘stopping the open reactionary program begun on March 28 last
und which ts leading the country towards the establishment of. dtetatorial regime, political and milditaryy and tocerds ¢
- posttion of greater cependence upon and oppresston by tnperialists. ;
Together we δοιὰ overthrow the reaottonary plans’ of the . politicdi and findnetal odigarchy of Yankee. tnperielitem, thus créating a powerful obstacle to the economic and political
penetration of tnpertaltan. Memeo, De Fay Septénber 16, 1959.
THE POLITICAL COMATSSION OF THE
GCERTOAL COMMITTER OF Tile
MEXICAN οὐ τὰ PALTY . . : - PHS EXECUTIVE COMMIGSLO OF Biz
- | NATIONAL-DIREGTIVE COMLSLITESE OF TUB FARMER -WGRKER PARTE
noe ml ars
ἜΝ wee, BS =ay
i, SE MSOAAD FORM HO, δὲ on Fc ;
' πε
; Office Me ANAUIN + UNITED STALES GOVERNMENT
}
| TO : MR. Aw H. BELMONT [rhe DATE: December 7, 1959 Tolson νι κοι Belmont
i Y FROM oxsosite MeGuve ——
Parsons Rosen ...ὄ
᾽ Taman Trotter
ἰς. =
SECURITY MATTER - Ὁ / ty, “ Tele. Room € (Bufile L00- 412680) WW . qolonan
On December 7, 1959, Mr. Robert ἢ. Johnson, Chief of the Legal Division, State Passport Offtoe, advised that information had } been received by State that the captioned couple, husband and wife, μος and thetr two teen-age children, are en route back to the U. 5. from ™ | Red China, where they have been since 1954. Johnson said that this ~_ tnformation had been received at the_State Department from a New York = ©
“τ νὰν est rere eee ἡ πα “πο ΎῪ0.-
lawyer who represents the family of g the weli-known New York department store ἢ ff father s- Johnson added that the family 18 expected to
Grrive in Moscow from Red China on December 7 or 8 and are going to apply at the U. S. Embassy tn Hoscow for Ys) by 2 passports to return to this country. | 2a. Ado F/
Co Const
Johnson aid that State haa authon arate a ἢ S. Embassy tn | Hoscow to tasue passports to this family goo ΠΩ returning to the U. S., if the Embassy is satisfied that the family has not expatriated themselves. The Embassy has been instructed to notify State headquarters of the travel plans, estimated tine of arrival, etc., tf the passport is issued, By way of background in this case, Johnson satd that the husband is a sctentist who went with hts familys from England to Red China in 1954 on a U. 5. passport. According toa: Johnson, the husband has been reportedly working tn Red China. Σ΄. Johnson added that rs acid to be primarily concerned? Qbout the welfare of the two ὁ ren tnuolved, a boy and a girl.
According to our files, both theL____] are on the Security indez and they are from the Philadelphia area.
ae! Jes cee, :
[- COPY FILED INA. ο-
The aboue tnfornatton was furnished orally on December 7, | 1959, to Superutsor Τί, ὃ. Rushtng, Subversive Control Section. . Ur. Johnaon assured that we would be adutsed of any further i tnformatton in thie natter as soon ae tt comes to hia attention, )
AGTLON:
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eliont
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ἢ 1 ΔΝ ᾿ ΕΝ ae
at ie ea mae Ne πὰ gy So aad
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----.- ὁὃϑ9 ϑὅ ἂἔἕβΞ- ρο ι.Ὀο͵
wT (\ rN, : a . f 12/1/59 PLAIN TEXT AINTIL το: DIRECTOR, FBT (100:30766), ,) ™ οἷς - FROM: SAC, NEW YORK (105-6061) ue /- | 7’.
" supsiors [data iat [~ Ἢ ἃ PO
ποηναῖχναι 11/24/69 and Buairtel 11/25/59,
On 11/27/59, NY 694-5*% adviccd that for cecurity ¢ @ cannot now, ot in the immediate future, contact XG By reason of his being part of the "Solo; Is-c" operation, tha informant is aimilting contact by Soviet SRN agents, and a prerequisite for his maktne puch contact was the absiwance of CG δῦ to the Soviets that NY 094+-S* in “cléan", that is, that he hat no contacts with CP officials or anyone else vnon the Soyicts vould Yopard as ἃ, threat to the security of their operations.
ἮΝ 694-5% otated that, according to ca 5924-5*, Ὁ the Soviets at this time are particularly distrustful of ἮΝ Polish Intelligened, NY 694-S* stated aldo that he must \ assume that he is being watched clesely by the Sovicta, ‘,
ον who already have indicated they have coénsidcrable : information arene ee him, Should the Coviets Iearn of ἊΝ , a contact betronn and Ny 694~5%, the "Solo; IS-c" opere gion would ceate, :
_ -- Bor the above reavong, NY Go4-s* feals that for οὖ least an indefinite future period, he should make no attempt to contact
- In view of tha foregoing and VACB, NY willl aceade
te the request of N¥ 694~-0% 4h outlined above an
| from having the informant inigiate a contact wit
Ἰ . until Ὁ more opportune timo. Zhe NYO asreesa that the
; 3-burtau (100-397666) (Rn λιν, ee Tle York 3,91) (INV, (δὴ | (aa 1L-New Yorks (100-13 637) (SoLO) (415) Ho? cc ΠΕ. 1 ποὺς Yori: (105-6061 70 DEC 9 1959
| fim se
?
PRMTALAT. PATY PIT ED
EL:brh peemenens πανοσναν στυασσοα “ 2 (7 . | ~
5 5 DEC 18 1959
- » "4 we 5 Ὁ οὐ» , 4 « “- “ _ - ᾿ - ᾿ 9 “" _ ¥ - ν΄ NY 105-6061 a observations of NY Ὁ μεθ. ure Sound and for this reasbn we should . ιν defér the ‘initiation of a contact by the informant with ner ΝΞ ᾿ - a % . _ ; - τ , ; ᾿ Fs “" ι _ * ‘ ' ; " ᾿ ᾿ . _ - "ΟΕ 4 3 wv. r > . . τ . -τ ΝΕ ; ; ᾿ ΗΝ ' Ν = _ ; . ᾿ Ξ - "-Ν . Ἷ - . -2- . a . ᾿ ᾿ B- Ι ~ " ᾿ 1. ;
--
᾿ς πῃ ἥν κῃ - -".
"
i 1G: Mem ondum - UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
fl ν᾿
pansctor, PBI. (100=428001) DATE: - «12/9/59:
| SAC, CHICAGO (134-46) (Sub a) . a . i
a am an NAL SECURITY ~ Ὁ . mn
SA JOHN. E, KEATING and: Stenographer —————Z_r_r_r— information On the following: pages , Wh ΔΤ ὩΣ
“τίς (REGISTERED) |
1 + New York GLoneas4e7 S000 (REGISTERED) 1 = Chicago
JEK/kws τ στο AY
' BBDEC 24 1959
| δ δ᾽ μοῦ tho Communist Party 0?’ tho Soviot Union kas roturned fo of the United States, and whe road and write English. Tho signifi~-
- go thoro, but that tho decision is not. up to bt
‘tho United States ao that. NI
INFOREATION PERTAINING TO. BUCY DEMIS |
As, indi¢atod proviously, TILENDENNIS hda boon. trans- forred back to Uescow from an βοιξησςσπει Ν ΕΟ World Larxist Loviow" in. Prague, Czochoslovakia. so transfor scons to Indi~
Koscow persons who aro familiar with tke United Statos, the history
cance, of the transfor of DENIYS is tho now rolatiozship botyoon tho USSR and. the United States,
During tho poriod botweon October 1%; 1059, and πόνοις , bor 5, 1959, Pring DEMIS Stated that aiceo his return to Loscoy, Saar. ho has lied a fow disciosfiozrs with I IOUARY ΕΣ aman Intorrational Dorattmont of tho Contray Nomittce of tho Coxmsunist Party of tho Soviet. Union, DAMNIS commented that more attontion | is boing paid to hin at prosont. Ho said that PONOUAREV was ovon thatrunontal in arranging for & Inrgor apartiont fox hin and hig
ys
DENNIS stated that PONOMARBY Had asked him way ke did ᾿ not tako ἃ trip to tho United States, DUNNIS said hd told POWOMANSY that ho is: willing to co ta tho United Statoss it he is ordoxed to
bose te “not nade ἃ trip to
ig atindine in tho’ way. DBEMIG said that not only 7& LOSTOVETS yory caroful; but he is aldo joalovs of tho vole that DaMMmiIs is playing and knows that if DEMIXS rado ἃ trip to tho United Statos, ko would be more of an export on tho United States than to is δὲ tho procont tino.
ΦΗΣΙ DSMIIG askod LORRIS CHILDS to rontion to ronrs ‘PONOUARRY, 15. tho occasion aroso, that he wowld ike to go ta the Unitod States as ἃ rénbor of 5ὶ dolenation or in somo tomporary aosignsent for tho Russian Govornsont, This occasion waa novor procented during, ‘discussions with POTOUARLY.
TINY DEMIS stated that ho is intorosted in history and tin doiny ronedrel, which is tirnod ovor to tho Contral Comnittco - of tké Cozrsunist. Party of the foviet Union and to "Prayda™. Te gaid that ho proferd to do, tho type of york ho is precontiy doings, - -bocause hd Likos to dig dgaply intd provlers and dgcs, not: diko. to: .
‘earry on ‘propaganda work, — Me b= ΤΩΣ ὁ (7 “J 4f 7
βάν ne. 1 -
DENNIS chia that ono 98. acon bo nds
_.. DENNIS asked that his parents bo romindod that. for _ his birthday ho would Like to rocciye a nunbor of books doaling ween the hintory of tho United States and the Arnorican, labor. HOyouone,.
| DONNIS stated that ho has a Masters Dosroe, that ho wants to got his Ph.D, and also wants to be an acadomicinn. [eo said that as ἃ result of tha move to Prague, his wifo lost sone gchooliny but has roturred to sckoot in Koscoy.
4-41 (Rov. 2.989) eo 2 ' Cb. bel ur. Belmoft —__. ἢ
DECODED COPY Mr. DeLosch — r) | ἃ.5.-- Mr Mr Mr Mr Mr Mr
. Mohr . Parsons . Rosen
» McGuire (
\
e » Tamm (1 Radio UX] Teletype ὠ δὯ- Trower τος Tele. Room. Mr. Helloman Miss Gandy ___. URGENT 12-16-59 1:12 PM CB ww
TO BLRECTOR AND SAC NEW YORK
FROM SAC CHICAGO 161839
“Solo, 1S-C. RE NY AIRTEL DECEMBER 11, LAST, RE POSSIBLE CON TWEEN REPRESENTATIVE OF CPUSA AND CHAO YI MIN IN PRAGUE,
CZECHOSLOVAKIA. CG 59824-S ADVISED ON DECEMBER 16, INSTANT, THAT EUGENE DENNIS STATED ON DEGEMBER 15, LAST, THAT MORRIS CHILDS SHOULD GO AHEAD WITH PLANS ΤῸ HAVE FUNDS FROM CP OF CHINA PICKED UP IN PRAGUE. DENNIS SAID THAT REFUSAL TO ACCEPT OFFER OF CHINESE MIGHT ANTAGONIZE THE CHINESE AND ADVERSELY AFFECT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CPUSA AND CP OF CHINA. CG INFORMANT FURAHER ADVISED THAT GUS HALL KNOWS THAT EUGENE. BENNIS KNOWS SOME THING ABOUT INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS THAT HE HAS NOT BEEN TOLD, AND IS WILLING TO HAVE DENNIS MAKE DECISIONS ΓΝ THIS REGARD UNTIL DENNIS? HEALTH IMPROVE AND HALL, DENNIS AND CHILOSCAN HAVE A FULL DISCUSSION ABOUT THESE MATTERS SOMEPLACE OUTSIDE NY.
RECEIVED: 2:20 PM TELETYPE
2:24 PM CODING UNIT ALB Gt ae A £4 (Ge /- pe bgt Pow JAYS ἃ; Lal, wax Cade 5 of Τὰ
10 DEG 1% 1959
{- —_— 7} COUR. BELMOND 4 γῶν Ῥικαΐωιν rszaven 70/04] ς tr αι} TF
5 DEC 2 panygg 7
if the intelligence contained in the above message is to be disseminated outside the Bureau, ἐξ is suggested that it be suitably paraphrased in order to protect the Bureau’s cryptographic systems.
" ᾿ ----------------τττ τ τορ;7οοῦοὑΤττττ τ ,..--πρπρΦΨἕΨΦἕΨΨῷοεα λ'εέήτ ιχ οααο ιτῖςτῆ,ϑ,, ““ττττοοροΠ’---...--.---- 7
fi ea hace —- ' 7 we τ π " . ~ ΄ 7 ; is = |
τς ΡῈ " ‘ . . - 7
“:} Office Memorandum UNITED. τὸ oa GOVERNMENT
ἣν Ἴτὸ γι DIRECTOR, FBI (100-428001) “ἢ Γράτεν Ἰαγογοῦ
ee ζ΄. ‘SAC, CHICAGO (134-46) (Sub 8): ᾿ - ᾿ ᾿ . μ" 4 ἶ ΗΝ - ΝΞ | " RNAL- SECURITY. -¢ - - A - : . ᾿ Ι
~
2 ~ OG 5824-S*, on. December’ 3, 1959... oF shed ἐό = =. $A JOHN E, KEATING and a thé infor- Roe mation. on. the following pages. This: repprt | aA " \ ὡ Prague, αὶ Czechoslovakia, with some .of the\Editors ~="World Warxist θυ ον, το ey) nae Yee : date pero ion Orn. - - 1 πὸ 7 en sa pre YD ΝΞ " ᾿ ς Ἀπ ᾿ :.2“- Bureau. (REGISTERED) Bt 1 -- New York ‘'(100-134637), (801.0) ΠΩΣ ao. Lo Chicago JEK/kws 7 ; (4) : " -- ἕ. ὌΝ - ον. ΕΝ wo?)
- “ste ge Ge ΝᾺ = ee ob oo va : Lag Lege Y4
ALB CORAE , 8.» vs.
fo ΝΣ ἼΣ; Ady. as padi’ | ED fo vet 1S BBN τ
term,
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sage 23 1959
—w * -,.-- + i. 1
NEETING I paagun, CUHICHOSLOVAXIA, WITH SOUS OF. THE EDITORS OF TEE: “WORLD ARKIST REVIEW"
On Novénber 9, 1959, MORRIS CHILDS. was oscorted to. the ; Off1co0 of tho Morid Marxist. hoviow" in Praguo + azochgrlovakin,.. ΝΞ “Thore, ho not in tho Gditors room with (Fizot, Name: Unknown} * RUNYANTSEY (phegintic)., Editor-In-Chiof of tho World Marzist, ὦ SOVviC see α τον ΤΟΥ; irgt vane. Unknown) HAVLICERE, (CHEK, - ovation Lonber of. the..kditorial boards and a ane ATAYEV (phorotic) ;. who 15 in charzo of ‘thé Party aetivity sonnoc tion: withthe. World. Larziat Noview Ono” cca RODIAROY.. ¥.-(phono tie) acted na tho ‘translator. qarbNivientitties pee!
. RUMVANTSEV iisked CHILDS to giva. those. prosont a cuxront ‘pleture of govolopzonts in tho United Staton, particularly his
opinion -of the mannor in which NIKITA KERUSECHEY was received in
the United. Statés. After CHILDS had done thi, RULYANTSEY: stated that tho "World Marxist. Roviow', ad 2 result of a now policy, | will not print anything containing tho language of the cold war |]: ες or anything which would cause friction between thd United States’: { 7 . Bnd Russia, . It wab at thig: point that RUNYANTSEV asked CHILDS _ |} = to toll WILLIAM, Z. FOSTER that ovon thouch FOSTER had boen pro- mised that ‘one of his articles would: bo roprinted in the "World Marxist Review", this cannot be dond because of the: now rolation~ ‘a ship betweon- tho United States. and Rissi#, .~
RUNVANTSRY aino stated. that tho "World Narxist Roviow't cannot originate any articlo doaling with the annogty conpaign ἄπ the- United States or tho fight for. the legality of the Com Mist Party =-US4, Howayor, tho “World Marxist Reviow" night. prin a lettor fron tho. United States which desis with thoso campaigns, provided that the letter is carefully writton. Furthormoro, any
_articlo writton by tho Comnufiist Party. USA and dealing. with the. econoric and/or political situation in the United States should ° bo. vory carofully written and should not contain thé. lanvuase. of [7 ἐν . the cold war, if the articles are intended for publication. in. tho} World: x at Teviow".
— a tino, RUNYANTSEV stated that an articio written ~ 3 RT APRS. R.wild appoar in the No. 11 issuo of the "World eine Viow'. Eo asked CHILDS to tol] APTHEKER that a fow sali chanzos had boon rade in the article, CIILDS' wag. also.
acked. if he would dolivor to APTREKER "royaltios" for thig. articlo.
a 2c rene " UYMYANTSRY thon asked about. the curront situgtion in
fo ἡ). YY
FES Bitosoan παν Πἢ
7 me Fa ee Hee erry
_ tho Comminist Party ὦ USA, dnd CHILDS gave: those pyocont a. brie? ‘yovlow of Pécont ‘doyélopnonts in the Comunist: Party - USA, RUMYANTSEV stated ho thinks that tho Communist. Party = USA is - on. the. right track and that the genoral lind of tho Party is corréct, Ko conmentod that tho Communist Party =~ USA defoatad rovisionisn,
CHILDS was nlso agkod. quesétons gbout the ceohonie ” 7
situation in tho United Statos; tho porcontaze of unorniployad, the steel strike; prospocts Lor nord strikes, ete, CHILDS way: ‘told that. 15 sosioond in the Communist. Party < USA would writé an articld ddaling with strike struggles in the United States, it would. bo: printed in tho "World. Marxist Roviow". RUUVYANTSSV askod ' that CHILDS πόμα to the "World μον σόν Roviow" documents donling
with Cormunist Party ~ USA activities in nase movemonts and — théecorotical articles: wiileh. have boon approved by the Communist Party ~ USA and whiéh could be printéd in tho. "World Maorzist Roylew", [Eo also stated that thoy would dike to have leading monborg of the Communist Party ~ USA write articles for tho "World Warxiot Roviow".
COMLENTS OF CG. 5924—9%
It ray be significant that tha roprosontativo of the Communist. Party of Chins, on the Editorial Poard of tho “World Harzist Noviow" was not invited to attond μὲσ mooting. Aftor
loaviny tke reotins, this roportor observed a person on wnothor
_ Ploor of the building, who was identified as tho Chinose. repre=
sentative on the ' orld Marxist Roviaw", In tho past, koth ania Dents and wW KORIONOV statod that thoy could not do any-
int ‘on the "Wortd sist Noviow" without participation by the Chinose editor. Thoy atated that nothing was printed in tho magazine unless the Chinesd wore consulted.
RUWANTCSY gives the appoaranco of bointy a very carablo
pin. Eo id tho Dditor-IneChiof of the only thoorotical nacazino
of the intornational Communit movonont, Eo in a yory cmart drossor ard has Ὁ pleasins personality.
cad [4 πὸ
fo
ig : DIRECTOR ; FBI (100-428091) ᾿ DATE: 12/3/59
“τος
50) NTERNAL SECURITY = C
Re Chicago letter dated November 20, 1959, containing nformation from CG 5824-S* pertaining primarily to FRANK and RUTH SCOE, and VICTOR PERLO, - at Che & ———
{ai LOG
Ὁ 4 eas On November 25, 1959, CG 5824-S* oreTiy turntsnea~co τῆς SA JOHN E, KEATING ‘the information on the following pages. This information concerns. miscellaneous items in regard to FRANK COE, a possible correspondent for "The. Worker" in Peking, and addresses in Peking to.which items from the Communist Party - USA should be mailed,
-
πᾶς Bureau (REGISTERED) “1 - New York (100..134637) (5010) (REGISTERE 1 + Chicago
| ~$Rw 12S | | ὴ τς τᾶς
JEK/kws (4)
- MISCELLANEOUS ITENS IN REGARD go CoMiRST - . ° PARTY ~ USA and CO‘AMRIZST PARTY OF CHINA
RELATIONS | “Biers Boing Sont fron. Poking to the ~~ } _
In conver's cations with FRANK TAKG Wine~chao, Lt was learndd that in addition to Sips RG, FRANK Cos, and TANG Miny-cheo, and others sond Tnatoris to the United’ States a for publication in "The Worker", Dowovor, RITTENLERG is listed
5 the author for all of this material, COS and TANG Minz-chao
nteted that they want the Communist Party - USA and/or "Tho Yorkex"' _ to tolk thom what types of articlos are wanted until such tine as.
"fhe Workor" can send. 8. correspo dont to Poking. pon Ὡς ὩΣ ΠΩ Possible Correspondont ae Yorker. — pers pe
° νον By πα TANG-it{n7-chao stated that tho Comzmunis Barty o-chine- —.
in Pokin-
, folt disappointed because "Tho Worker" sont a correspondent to { rf ΜΕ
Moscow bat did not send ono to Pokiny. TANG stated: that tho Con-—
munist. Party of China wants tho Comiunist Party - USA to send ἃ 7 Sorrespondont to Poking. They would profor a marrfed man with Li aa
fanily, and they will take caro of his ond his famiiy's. needs. . They Fenlizo that he would have to uso a pdeudonyr for his articlos,
After TANG Ming-chao had discussed this, WANG Chia-hsing, > oad of tho Intornotiona? . Liaison Departront of the Central Com- nittee of the Communist Party of China, in ἃ subsequent conversa tion agked CHILDS af TANG Ming-chaio had. tientioned it to hin,
Malling Addresses in Poking to which Mail fron the Coznuniot Party ~« USA Should ‘bo. Sent —
TANG Mingechao and YU Chi-ying, of tho International - Liaisot Departnont. of the Contra], Comittee of thd Communist Party of Chinn, provided the following addresses for mail or naterial - beine sont fron, the Communist Party - USA to the Comuunist Party of China. The firat ig tho preferred addross:
Chiey4 YAU chteying. sos
. τοῖσι pC Dias
᾿ ΝΕ fol - Gesell 570
ENCLOSURE.
7 Arrangenent £ for FRANK COE to Send ΕΣ letters ‘to the Uni ted States
_— FRANK COE was given a post office box nunber in Chicago Ὁ "bic to utalize for the se: _lstters to the United States, He =
may gend a letter for t | g channel, Hs stated
that he wants to try foe convince and his wife to do gone > . to china. not only to the. Socialist countries, but by all. WEADS -
| oe FRANK ‘con stated that he would in any letters hs might | send to the
use the following de γιά κῶν peat office box in sage -
δ ΘΔ ΖΝ wid refer to” Ἄς ἜΜΟΣΜΕ eo σοροὺς ρων Stion\in New York established for poesible i ΆΦΙΣ ade between’ the United States and China. : a mee
q [wiht refer το] εταιπσπενανς "Ν
Funds for Rossarch Work on the | Bart of VICTOR PERLO
᾿ TANG Hing-chao stated that if (VICTORPERLO fleedé ὌΝ to do research work for the Communist Party of Chink ; this money
ghould be supplied by the Communist Party.- USA, and the Communist Party of China wil reimburse the Communint Party - - USA, |
Jey.
STANDARD FORM NO, 64
Y Office Nécmeoramadlym ° UNITED. STATES GOVERNMENT τ f : : TO ; Mr. ἃς H. Belmont YA)
x
ψ | paunge rand FROM : Mr. Εἰ, Jd. Baumgardnepy
| 4's o ™ supjecr: SOLO “INTERNAL SECURITY τ΄.
During our informant's (CG 5824-S) recent trip
Union (SU). and Rea China, he-had. the oppor 3 ty to.discuss | he arty, YSA (CPUSA), official newsworgan "ThWorker" w officials Ὁ “noth tue-su-and' Red Chigae ee
ἐ
; “/Tang Mine-chao of the ‘International Department *“ Gentral, Committee ; | | $208 Chie ΡΟ) τ αν τ δα' informant thatthe-CPG*wantS"the"CPUSE to Send ΝΣ esporident from "The Worker" to Peking, They would prefer ἃ married man with a family and the Chinese will take care.of his financial néeds. jTang statedthat the CPC felt disappointed because 'The Worker" sent a | icorrespagndent to Moscow but did not send one to Peking. It should be noted that Jonnie ittman, a long-time CP member from the west coast, recently trave MOScow, Russia, where“he"is"theofficialrepresehtative of
"The #lorker" to the SU. His columns have appeared in both "The Worker"
‘ gnd the JQ 2 World”. “4. ΓΝ ty, Cte δι κόρας. : πε ostovets, head oe 6 North and South. American section
i aT ae reac . «᾿. BN ae
of the Interiatronarlépartment—op. the. central,committee.of. the. CPSU atid his assisvanty avekset chukhin, advised informant that the Russians [βοῆς δ6 ὙΤΙΤΤΗΣ Ἐῶ 8
6 Worker" by taking an additional 500 to. 1,000 copies for distribution in Russia. They explained that "The ‘Worker! is sold out; in Russia almost, as soon as it hits the newsstand. It should be noted that in the Spring of 1958, the Russians placed an order fOr_34000 copies of "The Worker" to be delivered to Moscow weekly. On July”3, 1958, the first shipment of newspapers was sent to Moscow by air and the*Seviets have claimed that they used these newspapers in their schools~to ati st in the teaching of the English language. It must be kept inmind that for all practical purposes the arrangement under which the Russians.
receive copies of "The Worker" results in a direct cash subsidy to “The Worker" from the SU.
ib
100428091 ae
Jw Ae 2, 1998 7
. Δ ~ Mr. Baumgardner : 1 - Mr. Dise
' 1 ~ Mr. Decker ᾿ Bisa οἱ ὶ (5)
᾿ στανοᾷπο roan wo. th O ° | : 7 " | " O " ἃ A Ο ᾿ ; ᾿ Q ? . Ἂς Office Memorandum (oss STATES GOVERNMENT > "
n
ἤ το :Mr. A. H. Belmont (λ + Dare: December 11, 1959
| ΤῊΝ : Mr. F. J. Pama ΝΞ ΕΝ 2. μενα. ἢ _ me Mohr
sunpeer “59 TERNAL. SECURITY - C
While in Red Chind attending the Tenth Anniversary Celebyz of the People's jRepublic ΟΕ China, CG 5824-S obtained a book written in Chinese fromWi Fu-chin, Vice Premier of the State Council and~ chaiiman of the State Planning Connrssion of Chinas“ Copies of “this
‘book-were~also“fiiriished to other leading membérs“of Communist Pa ΜΝ τ
Ε The -book is ntit ad" THY Great Ten Years (Statistics of conomic and Cultural Achievement yeq) was’ published by tht e's
οἰ
qublication Agency. lication Agency on 9-1-59, and was compile @ Nationa tatistics Bureau, the People's Republic of China. ἢ
maintained in the "Solo" file. Cr
_ Through our liaison representative, we have. ascertained that neither the State Department nor the Central Intelligence, ἃ Agency ,has a copy of this book and that these agencies are definftely interested in obtaining a copy. "
OBSERVATIONS:
_ “ It is believed that photographic copies of this book should be furnished to the Secretary of State and the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency in view. of! their interest in statistical data of this nature, However, in view of the sensitive position of our informant, this book will be forwarded under a ' - classifi- cation and attributed to, our over-all coverage of the Communist Party,
. ' 4
I Bredesen tg MO LY EE ae
1] - Mr. Baumgardner 1 - Liaison Secti 1 -- Mr. Decker
ΘΕ G29 1959 (5) | ὦ
10 DEG 21 1358
Ει
nbs sok .
4 CT aoe
Memorandum to Mr. Belmont RE: SOLO “Ν INTERNAL SECURITY - C
ACTION:
There are attached for your approval appropriate communications transmitting photographic copies of the above book. | If you agree, these communications, with a classification, will be furnished to the Honorable Christian A. Herter, the Secretary of State, and to Mr. Allen W. Dulides, Director, Central intelligence Agency.
Pf a
, Offz Memorandum - UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
τὰς nner, FBI (100428001). pater 12/9/59 .., “
Je SAC, CHICAGO (194646) (Sub oe
sie (cord = ~ NEERNAL SECURITY ; os ΤᾺ _ ce: 5824-S*, on December 2, 1959 orall furnished to. ~~ “SA JOHN E, KEATING dnd Stenographer [of the information on the following pages, This information pertains ~ 7
- primarily to JOHN AND MARGARETE PITTMAN, N, and, OLLIE HARRINGTON , : ς of: ἀπο TT PRLS TN μὴ ατισξαστξων.. ὦ:
Paris, France,
ΠΝ τ΄ ae thes Wbydilf? Prag Tass: vane (REGISTERED) — Pes “6, vA 225-35 “π᾿ “ὦ ͵
ι 1 - New. York (100-134637) (S010) (REGISTERED), : i = Chicago
- JEK/kws (4)
ΕΞ ER -, gle an s3 ᾿ ΟΝ 43, ὅν ὡς ΤΠ a “yy 4 " Σ. τς \s | πὴ . Wy τ , ne ~ ae raat δι (p Pe
ἢ fact Po "273. ἀτ
10 bee: 21 1959
; - . - Pan, . . . Ν "
t a re ᾿ τ
INFORMATION CONCERNING JOBN AND MARGARETE PITTMAN, AND OLLIE PARRINGTON. .
uring co GRECHUKHIN, of the International Department of tho Contral Committes of thé Communist Party of Soylot Union (CPSU), 1t was learned that tho CPSU wants . to work in a moro or less "lezal" mannor -as : any -newop: corréspondont assigned to Moscow, Howovor ; fron | :
tine to tins the CPSU may want hin. to put across somo idea ih an: article or may wint him to interprot sonothing, ag.an authority on
] Ι -conditions in ὑπὸ United States. GCaeit The | | In a conversation with J aN Ἂν πο ΠΝ that ho
ΕΝ is πουλὴρ around in the press Goldny in Moscow. The Russians
1: hayo acsienod a translator, to hin aud thig translator also acts
| aS his socrotary.- Re secs, pr 55 gorrecpondonts fron other. Come
| 3 ‘Canadien Tribune", and
| ὙΠ ΟΣ ort“ HS Stated that ho ΕΝ ΘΠ πο, τὶ rea “said. that. he -planned ta
“ἕο to tha Anorican Enbasay, report his residends in Moscow; and
/ ask ‘to be invitod-to all press Gonferenteos-of the Anerican Embassy
{ Which aye hoid for the Soviet Information Bureau,
Oe 7At - Ge hte:
| Ta Togerd to pexsonal matters, PITTNAN stated that nia
; - daushtor is going to a Rusdian school in the noighborhood of ὦ
| their aportnent, The Russians wintod the boy to go to ἃ boarding
. School, in which evont hd would only spénd wackends at ‘home, .
ThO PYTTUANs did not want to do this, preferring to send their
|. . Son - to a neighborhood kindergarten. Fowdvor; waiting Lists are
long for kindorgdrtens in Moscow. GRECEUKHIN, who said that ho
fex ‘that HARGARE χα Δ σ᾽ a housowife;not an accredited corrds= Pondont. of any lowspapor. “Eowavor, if sho wants to work, thoy Will try to get hér an asgignront, ‘probably. on ἃ nowspapexy such as tho “ifoacow Hows". Thoy. will also arrango for JOAN PITTWAN to take a tour 60. that ho will know noro. about the Soylet Union.
- Botht Joi and MARGARETE PITTHAN complained that their | Inek of knowledgo of Russian kas hindered their shopping, par-
co Wil be in contact with PITTHAN, promised MORRIS CHILDS that
PITTHAN's son would bo placed in a noighborhoo# kjndergarten by ot the end of Novonbor C1959. x “4
i " asl, ¢ "J é : PR δον
fo- : _ Aide ly hie ἢ Pe hrvies .
eo "—*-GREE idicat @°that the Rudsians. would pros
τ΄
ticularly for food. They aro assigned to a public dining roon, bist 2106 havo cooling facilities in thoir apartment.
: = ᾿ 4) 2 : Ρ : id - \ ; a — foo~ ¥4Ad OY & SU ΝΞ : OS / -1 ἀνοίόρσρ' | 7 an
aa πᾶν. νὰ
5
- ddleration frazt the United States, hoadod by.
- prrmuar stated jfthathe had not as 3 yot written a pro- “face to in article JANES CKSON wrote.on the Nogro question in tho United States fotr tho ΟΞ Ὁ Party of Czechoslovakia.
imfornation Concorning OLLIE RRINGTO Former Resident of the “BEES, now
weg Cheyce Ly: heeude 22 Liviny in Paris Erarice.
. NG) Soo “45 atin
In discussions with HIKOLAL VOSTOVETS and ALEKSEI GRECHUKHIN, thoy stated that the CPSU. recoivod- information. that tho socret police of France ‘had caught a "big atomic spy". The story is that at tke tino JOHN ard HANGARETE PITTMAN woro on a ἄ- thoir way fron. πὸ Unitod States to Moscow, am ἃ c enorfy, U2": 0
: “ΝΠ a“? ICCONR was (oy Go) coe also travolling to Moscow. Both the PITTHANs-ad “the atomic = eye th enorgy dolegation wore scheduled to pass through Pahis. According —
_ to the story of the secret polico of France, thore was an atomic scientist naned JOHN PITTUAN who was travolling with NC CONE. At
the ‘parie time that JOHN and MARGARETE PITTWAN arrived in Paris, tho ociontist; JOAN. PITTHAN, also arrivod in Paris, Obyiously; | tho secrot: police of France had to take socurity measures in τον. gard to. tho atonic scientist.
According to this story, thé δοοχοῦ police of France
gay that JOS PITTEAN, the scientist, is a Communist spy. They
found: a lot of Communist documents tn hig poSsession. ‘They also
. found nazes and addressos of over ohd. hundrdd Communists in the -
United States, chiefly in California. In fact, this "atonic spy” has contact with over one hundrod Cormunists in California ard tho secret police of Franco: has notified American intolligonee, includiny the F,B.I, The sccrat police of Franco made copies of tho docunients in tho possession of JOM PITTMAN, the scientist, and has becn notified that this acientist will be arrested by Anorican intolligonce avoncies upon his return to. the United
KOSTOVETS and GRECHUKHIN said that they did not know if this story was. true, that something is wrong and that duc to caro~ icssness, the Hdceret police of France had been able to copy docu- nents in thé possession of ΟΜΝ and MARGARETE PITTMAN and that "somebody will got it in the neck", CHILDS was asked to discreotly check this story: With PITTMAN, MOSTOVETS and GRECHUKHIN also statod that the CPSU suspocta-that OLLIE EARRINGTON may he ἃ spy.
On Novenher 3, 1959, CHILDS asked JOHN and MARGARETE PITTHAN about their trip to Moscow from the United States, and
- Ze
asked if thoy had: -yisited rolntives in Gornany 88 thoy bad plannod -to do. They raplied that they bad not gone to Gornany because - they were “shadowod" all tho tino thoy were in Paris. Whon 3 CHILDS asked what roason they had for this, thoy said that thay did not know and that all thoy know is that thoy not. OLLIE | HARRINGTON in Paris. and were followed ovorywhore while thero.
| - Acco¥ding to tho PITTIIANs, HARRINGTON apolozized to “thon and snid that whonoyor any Amoricans are in Paris, ho is fol- _ Lowed everywhord, ‘Thon BARRINGTON told thom that ἂς Negro profes- sor in Paris had written a letter to "Life" magazine and in this. | lettor fpicely accused HARRINGTON of beinz a Boviet ucent. As a - rosult of this letter, thé Fronch secrot police went aftor OLLIE BARRINGTON, According to HARRINGTON, the letter was fabricated; ho had writton to “Ed fo! about tho letters had hired 4 lawyor and ΜΒ propdired to.go to-court, whon the writer of the lettor admitted that ho hid concoctod the story in the letter,
The PITTIANS said that. they aro of tho opinion that - -HARRINGTON may bo involved in some story and that perhaps tho | a "shadowing" of thom in Paris bas sone connection with HARRINGTON. - Thoy sald thoy foit that BARRINGTON's story about tho letter to "Life™ narazino sounded liké a fairy tale ond that he should bo . duvestigated. to. gce whether or not ke haa some connection with Fronch and/or Arorican intelligonco,
CHILDS abked PITTMAN if ho carricd any- natordo), with hin on his. way from tho United States to Moscow, πὸ replied that ho had carriod copios of "Political Affairs" and other Communist
ΝΣ documents with bin, He aldo kas Ὁ big book filled. with names
- and addresses of poople with whom he plats to correspond, Thoso
fo are addrossen of Communist Party nonbora and frionds in California.
.., . AIL of thig material was ina brief case, which ho left in his hotel room while trayolling about Paris. CHILDS criticized — PITTUAN for Jcaving the brie? caso in his hotel δου, and said that -it is possible that "tho. onony"” obtained copies of this naterinl., MANGARETE PITTHUAN said that sho had told “ΟΠ PITTMAN not to lonvo this matorial in hic hotel room
tn subsequent conversations, ; MOSTOVETS and: GRECHUKHIN statod that they are now convinced that the secret police of France had followed. JOAN and MARGARETE PITTMAN and bad concoctod the story about. a JOM PITTMAN, a geiontist » who ig an atoaic } BDY «
mle τες
5 - π᾿ wr - ast ᾿ -: , 1 oF . 4." - ».. "» εν ὅσ a . Pre ee + owe etl aa απ πὩ 5 i τ " ᾿ ᾿ . : ‘ - . - 7 . ᾿ τ - ν ν NNR FORM to GA ᾿ + i can 2 a . om ᾿ Ἐπ |
ἐπ Office Memorandum - UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
: DIRECTOR, EBI (100428091) : DATE: 12,979:
‘ --- - - io μιν, .
. QB ΄ ; ᾿ CG δδδάςδε, _on Decémber 2, 1959, orally furnished to SA JOHN: E, KEATING and Stenographer "KATHERINE Ἢ, SUTPHEN the ὃ.
information on the follow; ‘pages, ΝΣ | report pertains. mostly t
="
{; New/York (ibostaa0ee)(sox0) αραιδεύῥῥης.
a - ; ; Ay _ Bo ly Ue, (26: bi 7 τῷ oe - . ~ ων “3 ; Z - ! 4 Ye oe Mites ΞΕ 10 DEC. 78 1869.
προ 23 8 ΝΞ ΞΕ
INFORMATION PERTAINING TOV. Jy JEROUR AND HERSHEL MEYER δ ὁ
By wa way of ‘background. information; in February, 1959,
NIKOLAY NOSTOVETS and ALEKSEI ‘GRECHUKHIN, of the International Departnont of the Contral Comaittes of tho Comiunist Party of the ~ Sovlot Union (CPSU), had: stated that arrangonents had been mado. ΠΕ for Vig, JBnOUE a visa to Russia, but that hoe had bre not done ‘30. before loaving Noscow for Poking,
Chinn, was supposed tO Notify JEROME that if ho had a des : go to Hoscow, he should nake arranzononts to. do 80, a feiled ‘to. do this, MORRIS CHILDS sent a brief porsonal no
. JEROME, This note indicated to JEROME that tho Russians wore ον ' Complaining pecause ho lad not applied for a visa. -
JENOUE arrived fn, Moscow at tho- cond of Septomber , 1959. Ye stated that he had gone to East Gormany from England without any credentials of any kind,, ‘and not even his acquaintancd with GERVANDT BISLER liclped him in East. Gormany, ‘To wont to Poland, and the. Russiang finally found him in Poland and.suzgested that | _ he go to Moscow as ἃ sort of English editor in enifintonnntonny | ishiny . ETS They told hin that some now od ox vorlunes | Tiif"woro. boing published and since he has a good comand of tho’ nglish language, ho. could do some editing on tho Raglish : age editions... ae We παρ (Op fie ὙΕΤΌΝ was living in the Hotel National (phonotic): in Loscow. This is ono of the nain and swankiest hotels in Moscow, Ee had been givon an advance ‘on his salary, a complete wintor Wiirdrobo, and had been sont. to ἃ sanitariun, JEROUE was still Complaining about some illnesses, was visiting a clinic, and con Pinined that ho needed an oporation, evdn though tho physicians ὶ
Said that ho did not. While ho ‘had been in Moscow zbout ono ronth, he had not started to work as yot, | ᾿
- In regard to. Poland, JEROME stated that while tho Party situation was ‘Inproving there, things in gonoral aro yory diffi~ cult, Eo said thot.hoe had a difficult time in Poland because he
οὖς @fd not bave a mandate fron the Communist Party ~ ~YSA. At tho
_Congrosa of tho Communist Party of Poland, ho was juot 2 visitor in the gallery and no one paid any attention to hin, Eo stated
. that it is a good thing that he loft Poland, since he night. bo
- able ἴο do more croativo work in Moscow than he Was able to do in
ee HAE OT, γ-- BOSS
~ τ ENCLOSURE a |
Ἂ a
JEROME atatod that. ho wanted to be a part of the CPSU, Eo Said ho did not want to work for a public institution 28 Voscow an ἢ now=Party percon, Ee also stated that -ho wantod. - sone item concersing hin to appear in tho’ Hoccow Nows",
MORRIS CHILDS discussed JEROME and\his conplaints sith WIKOLAL KOSTOVETS and ALEKSEI GRECHUKHIN. Th y. stated that JEROWE was brought to Moscow to do a spocific job, Eo has beon givon a vory good job. His salary is approxinately 2,500 rubles a month as. base pay. His bonusos,-can be ag much ad I, "800 rubios. a ronth, Furthermore; ho 4s working foi tke ond. institution in tho. Soviet. - Union which will pernit- him to cond ἃ part of his income to his . family in a forodgn country, Uo has requested that this be dono. Ro has boon given this job because the Russians know that he is capable; It is moro thon merely corroctiny English, It also Anvolves, son0 editorial work,
NOSTOVETS find GRECHUKHIN alco stated that tho CPaU does not want JEROME to kave any conucetions with tho CPSU. ‘Thoy' said, - Wo do not transfor into: tho CPSU πόρου of other Communint ᾿ Parties who coma to Moscow to work, If JEROWE wants infornation concerning curront hoapponings in. the Communist Party ~ USA, ho can contact. JOM PITTUAN, They sido statod that they did. not want JENOME's wifo in. tha Soyiot Union, atid that they ohly want JEROUE. in Busaies until he. completes this: ascigurent which will probably take, 4os5 than one year; So,
Subsequontly , CHILDS. conyoyod. this. information to
" FEROW, -CHIEDS aloo pointed out to JEROME that POPOY (phonotic) ;
who was a nonbor of the Contral Committee: of tho Cesu until the
20th Consrocss and who was a translator for NOLOTOV, now hag: 2
loading position in tho Yntornational Publishing House. Thus, through POPOV, JEROUE. showid bo able to obtain information rogard~ ing events in the Soviot. Union. Thoroforo, it would not. bo neces~ sary for JEROME to bo in tho CPSU.
JEROME otated that he: wants somo , dédunonits fron tho “ United States, particularly frou. το Communist Party ~ UsA, CRILDS stated that ho would convoy this message to JSROUE's ‘wife, tn dn it wold ba up to her to sond hin any docuxents, JDROWK stated that 815 wife could. be roachod. at tho following tolophono nunber
in Wey York; and ‘that. thid is an unlistod number: GRariarcoy (ph)
JEROUE stated that he does not want his passport to
oxpire, and that the. πο limit. expires somotiné duxing tho late Ὡς Sumner. of 1960.
+ - Η ¥ = : i
οἰ Jot of real-ostate, Another story was that bo had practiced
FENSIEL MAYER | ΝΣ -
ΘΕΒΌΣΞΕ told LOARIS CHILOS that ko would like CHILDS to - digcugg HERSHEL LAYER with tho loadorship of the Communist Party “Ὁ USA, Eo paid that MEYER bas boon drivinz around Buropo in a car which he purchased in Europo. MEYER has yisited in Poland and
in Qussig. τὸ aldo. gnoakod into Ching for a poxiod of timo.
JELOE stated that at ono tind. he worked with MEYER, τὸ asked BEYER to oxpiain to hin whero ho pot hig income. One story giyon, by MEYER was that bo inkorited ἃ Jargo astate fron his unclo, Anotkoy story wag that ho inhorited a larga ostate from his aunt. Anathor story wad that his mothor had loft hin a
:
“knéw, ho bad novor practicod modicine,
| JEEO-E stated that aftox LEYER. rovod fron Chicato to how York, ko wont xyight into the National office of the Commimist | Party - USA and wis pcoigned to work with JEROI, which aosic¢n~ oe rent insted for covoral wooks. Yot, MRYER novor did carry throucth
any of the dotatiod tasks which woro givon to hin, JEROME stated
that at ona tino MEYER was ockeduled to attond = yory inportant | rooting, for walch JENOUE waco responsiblo, MEYER did not show
up for the mootin? and did not cyon bothor to call JEROK.
{ Accordiry to JEROUE, whor bo next saw MEYER, tho. Iattor said that
ho could not attond tho Ὡοοΐλην because ho was "kidnapped by tho
modicing, although pas far as anyong in the Communist Party =~ USA
FRI", JBROME comentod, Thic just doco not ‘happon,
JEROME caid that in tho past, ESYER wad undor suspicion bocause ὉΣ Ὁ Inck of otdbility and bocauso of his varied Stories | rogardiny hig income. JBMOWR said that the Comumist Party « USA. ! should start inyostigating HEYER again. JDROUE asked, Why did ' HOYER got pornidsion to go to tho. Goviot Union, China, ‘ete. ? | Eo said ko thinks thoro is. somthing “Fishy” ahout ΤΥ, -Ho. ᾿ Said that be was ἀϑαζοὰ that tke Communist Party = USA would say
anythiny good about MEYER.
Spore aN s [4 ‘ Are " Es δι Off Memstindum + ᾿ UNITED: STATES GOVERNMENT ia ” prneron, FBI (do0=428091) _ bare; ΕΝ ᾿
FROM aac, CHICAGO” (34-46) (Bib: B). ,
* ate OG 5824~S*, on November 55, 1959, orally. furnished to. .SA JOHN. ‘E, KEATING ‘the information ‘on the following page, which . pertains to. instructions for sending mail or printed’ matter: . from the Communist Party - USA to Moscow for the Communist Party ἢ of the. Soviet Union.
-
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Ce. Bureair "(REGISTERED) 1 -- New York (200=184697) (S010) RG STHRED) 1, = Chicago
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DO megnvert0%s. FOR SEYDING VAIL. OR ἘΛΤΕΠΙΑΙ, SAO LER COLLET FATIY al) PA, FO ἘΘΦΟΟΤ, —08 fre COMUNIST PARTY OF Tis SOVIET “ION
ee = a αὐταΝ See wee ot eA > ΟΝ —
ve Huriny ono of tho many conversations with ALUKSAYT
4 eneceunIn’ of tha International Departront of the Contral Con-
τ πεζοῦ: Lho-Comsunist Party of tho, Covict.Union. (CPSU), ΒΟ
stated thet,whon raitorial fron the Communist Party - USA (CPUSA)
in cont toZost Officn Cox, #341-in Moscow for the CPSU, that, in addition tod tho box number, a cozmon Arorican namo, such a COOPER,
or a popular Rugsian nam, for -oxanplg MUZE COV, | should me bo used. “ re ππ
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a STANDLXD FORM NO, 64
- ᾿ O ἢ : : © ᾿ β 4 CMe Me bested 772 - UNITED yaxaxazet GOVERNMENT
ΩΝ FBI (100-428091) DATE: 12/8/59
4, ᾧ ᾿
<a Va CHICAGO (134-46) (Sub Β) ΕΣ
Kone τ, O10) SECURITY -C - | |
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ap . aa
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CG 5824~S*,. on December 2, 1959, orally ‘furnished tox SA JOHN: E, KEADIN and Stenographer ’ KATHERINE W, SUTPHEN the - information sees pages, This } report pertains mostly
to ΝᾺ and INSTOCK, NEL. “te ΔΝ om Ves] ~ | 2 oo , ee , ᾿ . τς ἐνῇ
Ww
3 ΕΞ ( Ars ep).
TL - New. ‘a (100-134637) (SOLO) (REGISTERED)
1 =- Chicago έ TBK/ ks | a
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Ky aa " Nae cttey S87
0 sxc! 10 DEC 29 1068
ὅθ ΕΟ 231059 ΝΕ Ti |
| “ | C) O 1h, ~ - .
THFORUATION PERTAINING το LOUIS AND ROSE. WEIN STOCK |
‘During the stxist part of Noyonbor, 49809, LOUIS γεχηστοοις was in Prague, Czochoslovakia, and was digeusoing ἢ “his traveis Ain Europes " .
Euiczary
2
WEINSTOCK stated that his wifo, NOSE ‘WRINSTOCK, Who ig. the Mditor of a Lungarian lansuoge nowdpapor in New York City, had permission of the United States State Departnont to visit ‘relatiyos in Rungary. While LOUIS WEINSTOCK did not obtain por~ mission from tho United States Dopartnont, of State, ho necompanied his wifo to: Huntary.
WEINSTOCK stated that walle in Rungary, ko vistted his. hone town, Tokay. Ho participated in done neetings with Connunist Party leadors, He also attended a conforoxce of bilidins trades« mon from yarious unions in Europe, particularly froa tha World - Foderation of Tradé Uniond, which is. tinder tho- loadorship οὐ tho Connunist Party.. Hd also saw his daughter, who is about seyontdon . 6x cightoon ‘years of age and ig attonding school in Hungary,
WEINSTOCK said. that while ho saw and talked.to a nuhbér - ~
of porsona in the top loadorship of the Comainist Party of Runzary »
ho did not seo JANOS KADAR, These leaders of tho Communist Party
of Hungary bilered the old Iéadorship, and particularly MATYAS \KOST; “tind tho misuse of powor for tho uprising in Buntary,>~
: ¥ 2196 blared the inporiglists for launching the armed uprising in Hingary,
WEINSTOCK said that he was told that for 1 a tine the Communist Party of Tungery was pretty much disorganized. Many
Party monbors became passive or dosorted, until the new lonlovohip, .
under KADAR, assorted itself. Most of those who had boon activo Communists wore subjected to porsccution and arrest by tho old loadorship of tho Communist Party. They 011 suffored fron tho "Enock on tho door", Tho secret polico would pick thom up and then lock thom up, Some were shot ahd others woro thrown into. prison.
WEINSTOCK ‘stated that ho lcarned that ‘RAKOSY. ig not in Hungary at tho prosont tire, ΟΣ the old lendorship, only tho YWinistex of the Intorior and his som are prosontly in prigoa. .Tkoy
" ας 5649 - αὖ" 57.
ENCLOSURE
. munis Party ~ USA who are now in Duneary,.
TO 7 1 woof ἃ ΕΝ ' ra -τ. - . ΜΝ C) | ᾿ ". - =a 7 ω . ι
τ o*
ave still to bo ‘riod ΟΣ tlio othoxs who wore in bi¢h govornnent | posts or in the leadorship of ‘tho Party, Boma recoivod short sen. toncos, some woro Gxpelied fron the Party, and most of thdn are
now at work ag Jabororg, ¢lorks; οἵας
᾿ΜΕΙΝΒΊΟΟΚ. said the saw sono font ators of the iS nn ce SIL iy Ἧ in in charge of 811 language publichtions, DETERS? o asin charge of yadio propaganda for foroign consuription, WEINSTOCK . stated that theco poopie ‘are living high and that the institution of privato proporty is highly developed .in Hungary. Not only do they have fine apartments, but thoy haye algo bullt homes in the country and hayo seryants, Ho said that meny Cozmunists, both Hungarians and former Americans; liyo thié way; and he, WEINSTOCK, 2g against this mode of living in. luxury. |
WEINSTOCK gtatod that PRTERS has contact with ‘gone poopie in thé United States. For oxample, ho corrosponds with WILLIAM - %, FOSTER and sonds money to FOSTER regulaxly, Some months age, - ἃ Hungarian Journalist interviewed FOSTER. Eo τοῖο a ‘peries of articlos which wore. carried in a nowspaper in Budapest, The articles indicated that FOSTER 16 nistredted: in. the United States pnd that he his no conoy. Further, that FOSTER is 111 and is not recéiving any nédicel attention, Algo, that FOSTER livos ἀπ ἃ
sixth floor apartment and cannot got down to the street Yovél..
Tho articlos created a sonsation in Hungary and as πὶ result, money was collect fron school childron for FOSTER, WEINSTOCK’ nlso comented thatNac
in the United Statos,™ ἐδ Cad ee ‘os f _ thie Ke eo — op & oe abort ; ea ene ἧς τα 3 tore ig attond= ‘gO0m EMILE and GRACEN They havo no 15. attond= due ainivorsity ἅ io inst tudyin;~fo be a physicist
and has almost complete n. ENMIS:.GARDOS was scheduled. to leavo Hungary for Moscow on or about Novyonbor 1, 1959, ΤῸ is
ficheduled to bo a Comhorcial Attache in Moscow. -
East Gormany
| . _. "WEINSTOCK stated that ke wont to East Gormany from
Rungary. Ho stayod at a hotel for trade unionists in Eest Borlin and participated in somé trade union meetinzs. Eo saw WALTER ULERICHT and othor Jcaders of tho Communist Party of East Gormany;
but did not Zarticipate in any politica on wit thon. - NSO: SKIND.\ Ho also Orn: ido t of the
and EEATR we of the Political Eurcau/of tho
say (Firoy Nace” Unknown own, (plionoti United States who is nova t
————_—_————_ Δ4 ἃ,'᾽εε:Ἕ'͵ὃ'ἕ'. τὸν - αν - ey ere - ᾿ ' re ΕΣ “wo + Ἢ » ΠΟΙ ἜΡΙΣ: : - Pa -' = 1 7 - τ " af κα : - 1 ’ a . . ' . i - , ‘ _. . i " ; . Lo. . ~ , - ‘ - Μ t 1 ἢ " "er " a 4 -
Cozxzunist Party of Hast Gormany aud ip a nintater in tho | govern~ mont of East Gormany.
WEINSTOCK said ‘that. ho was a zuost at the colobration of tho 10th Annivorsary of tho establichnent of the Gorman Dono= evatic Republic. Ho said that East Gormany is following a cautious linc as a result of the visit of NIKITA KHRUSECHEV to the United States. Ee said that at one mooting μὰ attendod,. mohbor of the Cozmunist Party of Italy, who is ® Sondtor. and Vico. President of tho Italian Sonate, took issuo with ULERICHT's thoory that a freo city. is possible. WEINSTOCK stated that the Vatican was used as an oxamplo, and the arguments of tho italion Senator wero boaton down.
WEINSTOCK said that ko was Ὁ Oarey ise a nessate to the Comstmist Party «« USA from tho Eadt Germany Socialist “Unity (Con nunist) Party to the offect that the East Gorman comrades want τ dologates: Proc every country. particularly from the United Statos, - to. visit East.Gorrany. ‘This would include both trade union and © Communist dolévations. WEINSTOCK stated that Party pcople are treated vory well in Bast Gornany,. which hes modorn hotels. The Bast German cosrades. are cagor to oxpand thoir international con» nections. Thoy jist cannot undorstand why nore Arorican3 do not. _ yisit East.Gormany, since all. thoy kave to dé is take ἃ subway in
Yost Boriin: and ride At. Ante Bast: Borlins τι
Czechosiovalita
WEINSTOCK statod that ke ‘had: tried to get into the Soviet Union from Dunzary, Uo talked to somo Russians and they — told hin that Moscow was. crowded because of tho holidays. Eo, thorofore, docided τό go to Prague, Czochoslovakid, from East Gormany, in ordor to attond sone trade union meotings. He arrivod in Prague soon aftor ELWER JOBNSON and othor trade. unipniots fron - Chicago loft Prague for East Goxmany ς
Until ho Hot with MORRIS CHILDS, WEINSTOCK had only ~ . soon LADISLAV KOCUAN, of the International Dopartront. of the Cone . nunist Party of Czcchoslovakia, and (First Name Unknown) BATAYEV (phonétic), who 15. ἔπ chargo of the Commmist Party apparatus. within the "World Marxist Review". CDATAYEY had asked WRINSTOCK
to write an article om the work of Communists in industry-in tho United States, WRINSTOCK proparod four or fiva pazes of ndtes in regard to tho situation itn tho United Stato and how the Comunist Party ~ UFA works in industry.
KOCNAN brought PATAYEV to tho hotel in Prague where
εν Bo
1 . . . 1 . - a + 7 ." . .- we κι - . ~ - - οὐ
. wear "" + Fae ‘ 7 ome Μτ κπε ter ‘ eo 4 ~ * ΝΣ on δτπ τ - “ἀν τὰ , ν ἐ " " 4 . - - . ᾿ ᾿ς ’ "" “ . - - - ι . Η ’ * ᾿ ~ y 1 7 - ' ‘ 7 “ x ner . ' - oe wm ι “
CHIIDS was -stayinz, " BaTAVED anid. that WERNISTOCK's material was
- not concrate ‘ondugh, and asked CRIIDS to go ovory 4t with WEINSTOCK. WEINSTOCK came: to the hotel, and πὸ. πὰ CHILDS edited tho notes
. in tho 2ibrary of this hotol, which is restricted to Communist Party mombers. Tho library is equipped with Communist Party nows- papers and publications: fron all avor the world, After the material was roewritton, 1t was. givon to BATAYEY,; who toot it to 2 neoting of tho Editorial Loard of the “World. Narzist. Review".
In Praguo, WEINSTOCK also accohpanied CHILDS on a. visit to JOAN ‘VAFIADES,, forrior rocident of the United Stated, who is. currently With the World Federation of Trada- Unions in Pracue.
Avrangononts for a.Trip for LOUIS © oe | ΝΙΝ WEINSTOCK to. Moscow ,. Russia
WEINSTOCK ‘told ‘CHILDS that. io was Still ansious to init. Loscow, He stated that his wife had loft Europo for the United Statog,. since. WEINSTOCK. had only ‘planted to attond somo trade Union meetings in Pragie, WEINSTOCK stated that he planned +6 leave Prarue to return to East, Berlin on Novonber 9, 1959, but that ho would like to vislt Noscow ang. gti1z roturn to tho Unitod Btatos bofore. Thanksriving.
CHILDS told WEINSTOCK ‘to call hin béforo ha left Prazuc.. ' ' In tho. neantine, with tho assistance of LADISLAV KOCHAN, CHILDS νι “talked with the First Secrotary of the Russian Enbassy in, Praguo. CHILDS statod that ho Lad told the Central Committco of tho Come ἊΝ 3 εις Party οὐ ὑπὸ Soviet Union, through NIKOLAI MOSTOVETS and . - ALEKSEI GNOCHUKHIN, that WEINSTOCK was in Europo, that ke would probably want, to visit Yoscow, and that. the Comuhist: Party - USA. would have no objections, especially if WRMISTOCK wore invited to Russia as a guost of a tradé union, since: both tho Comminist ὦ Party ~ USA and WEINSTOCK would: brofer that it bo.dore in this, ὨΣΊ Σ᾽.
᾿ The reply fron 1 tho First: Socretary. of the Russian Embassy °.
wan, that a. visa would bo. available in Prague. for WEINSTOCK on :
Wednesday or Thursday, November 11 or.12, 1959, CHILDS convaycd mY
this information to WEINSTOCK ard suggested that WEINSTOCK ptay in Russia to lonzor than, one wook,. .
[τ εἰς οΊταπθουσ. Information Concorning: - ᾿ τς LOUIS. WEINSTOCK | - .
During Novenbor,, 1959, ἘΌΘΕΝΕ DENNIS and GUS HALL, asked
ed «ἢ aes
πὰ 1 *% ""- hk . a 1 - - . . Η - Η͂ τ ν κ᾿ κεἴ. . - αν . . . . a a . . - it . - = τ : - αὶ . ἢ . “ον Ν . ι . . . . a " - - . ι ι ; - ᾿ ᾿ I ” - - - » Ν᾿ μ . = I - γα, τ
‘CHIIDS to attornpt to convey ἃ message to LOUIS WEINSTOCK to tho effect that the Comcunist Party ~ USA would liko to hnyo WEINSTOCK bo a veprosentative of the Communist; Party -— USA to the Congress
of the Comnunist Party of Hungary. CHILDS told DENNIS and HALL that μὰ would not bo. ablo to transmit such a mossage to WEINSTOCK in sufficiont tine for WEINSTOCK to get. to ungary . for this purpose.
During éonvorsations with LOUIS: WEINSTOCK » he stated that he had not trade union Joadors fron 811 over tho world.
_ WEINSTOCK Also Stated that hé. would not accopt tho job -
- . ag Business Manager of "Thé Worker"; Abked why he thought that: he might bo offorad this position, WEINSTOCK vopiied that EUGENE | DENNIS hed beor sounding hin out regarding this Jor. WEINSTOCK, | commonted that he has to do trade union and/or | mags wore
ΓΑ
ed
ι 9 O | ‘Office Metheroediin » UNITED______.} GOVERNMENT a ds Pe DIRECTOR, -FBI (100428091) -— sae 12/9/59 ΝΕ 7 Vee We CHICAGO (184-46) (sub. B) ccm 7 r | | NIE RNAL SECURITY - Ὁ ΝΞ οὕς
--
φὰς
=
CG 5824-S*, on December 3, 1959, o¢ally furnished to - SA JOHN E, KEATING and Stenographer the BIC information on the following page, This report pertains to a ~
meeting with representatives of the Foreign Literature Department. of the Soviet Union, ς
seed ebm pro Oo
ν᾽" Bureat. (REGISTERED)
~~ .- New York’ (100-134687) (S010) (wEcrstRED) -
Lm Chicago JEK/kws | τς
(4) . ; Ν᾿ - WET pee et ΚΘ, το DEG oe 1st” A ay
016 2 BOL 2.
εν | ΜΑΕΡΘΙΑ,, τῆλίρς
SECAD- Εῆτ
a ra - . ει ᾿ ’ ΝΕ vA
_ KESTING WITH REPRESENTATIVES OF THE FOREIGT LITERATURE DEPARTLONE OF TES SOVIET UNIO.
| Duriny the poriod botwoon Octobor 17, 1959, and Hoven. box 5; ; 1959, KORRIS. CHILDS participated in a meotine in Moctov,
Russia; with reprocontatiyos of the Foroign Litorature Dopartment..
This ncoting was hold in tho Foroign Office Culiding. Prosent: - wero the following: Vico. Dopaty MAKAROY, CHISTAKOV, GRADOYV, and
TOAPEUKO (all apellings puonotic), At ono time, TBAPONKO yas _ gtationsd in Washington ag 5 litoraturo reprecontative.
fe 2 | MAKAROY -did mést oetirtaiieing at this mooting, and
tho chic? probiom concorned tho finding of a opine t 2 ὡ δ σοὶ (ἀμ ΒΕ, ἃ τυσάϊοζχα, GADES. -peticad to sich a contract. to Landle fusotag ft Since she claing that it is rot a profitable budinosa arrangonont. CHILDS yas shown 4 lottor which was dated Octobor 15, 1959, and wad signod by MARGARET COWL. In this lottor,. sho ‘estates that sho was not making any monoy: handliny Rucsian. litoratura,
MAKAROY stated that HANGARNET COWL in in error in makins this statonoit,; circa thore. is onoucth olasticity in the margin of profit. It was alco pointed out that thore is a growing anterost in Russian printed raterial and iitoraturo. This applica not ‘only to Comunist writings, but. alse to. publications donling ‘with technical nettors..
CHILDS wis ap: sod to. hiyo tho Communist Party — USA YFocomond comona 25. a ropiacomont for MARGARET Cow. Tho Rud Biana prosent it thin mooting insisted that a good busindss could mako monoy handling Russian ditoraturea, but thoy would like 2 porpon who ia moro. loyal than HARGAREGT COWL and ong wno is not ‘thinking oaly of tho profit msi ena
‘During ΓΌΝΟΝ with tho Tondorabie of the Comninint Party ~ USA, during Novombor, 1009, it kas boon Jearnod that.ay LIER has boon workins on tka probiers in conroction ‘with an out- “Zor tha gaio of Russian ore * ‘in tho Uni tod States.
a
turo for 1060,
: DIRECTOR, FBI (100-428091) DATE: | 12/9/59
Ut: +» UNITEDS ~ {GOVERNMENT
SA JOHN Ἑ. KEATING and. StenographerL the | ἯΤΟ information on. _the- following page, which concerns MANYA, REISS. "
a
Pheer Bas Je#S ᾿ ΝΕ 2 eau J eeoTermned)
1 = New York (400-134687)(soL0) (aacismsne) le Chicago. a
“JEK/kws (4).
to BEC 22 BEC. D
es] ΕΒ ; of
ZNEOREATION PERTAINING TO MANYA REISS
On or about Octohor 16, 1959, HANY)
to tho apartront in which LORRIS: CHILDS was
rordval of a part-oF ono. lun,
matoly ton oaths.
\
oss Paley “Se = 7
ον ΠΣ
igs was brought oe . Chipn., WANYA NEIGS, who id highly xrogarded by the Comumnist Party:
“of Ching; has. cancor of thé lun? and underwent an operation for ‘Sh hia not ‘workod for approxi
y
4
_ Office Memorandum - UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
wa
ΩΝ Ε { TO ΜΒ. A. H. BELMONT qi DATE: December 17; 1959 | 1 - ir. Belmont ; Belaont τ FROM = YR, F. Ji. BAUMGA 2 Mr. Branigan . Ξ βοΐ ρας 1 - ur. Donahoe ~* Mohr 9) l = Ur. Frohbose . - Raat: naan’ sored 1 - Mr. Baungardner al Tatum: RNAL SECURITY = ¢ 1 - ur. Decker ve Trotter ——_-
~ . yTele. ἢ
My menorandum. dated 12-14-59 advised that NY 694-8). tlie lh? of CG 5824-8, would quite. likely travel to Prague, Czechoslovakia, for contacts with Czechoslovakians. and the’ ‘Red -Chinese- representative. on the international communist publication, World Marxist Review," and would possibly travel to the Soviet Union bétween Christmas and New Years. Hy memorandum re commendéd and: -the. ‘Director approved that .an assumed vdentity be established for. informant for security reasons and, that the Laboratory Prepare certain docuients, to perfect this.assumed identity. 2
New York by teletype 12-16-59 advised that Eugene Denn is, ~ chatrman, Communist Party (CP); “USA; has‘authorized the above trip and/has instructed the informant to accept the. previous offer of Sinanctal suppore for the CPUSA by the. Red. Chinese. (While 8 $824-S.was in China October, 1959, he was offered for thé CPUSA $25,000 within-two months and $100,000 within siz months, the money to be el ivered in Prague, Czechoslovakia. )
‘The outstanding success of the most recent Solo misston: and the concre te: data developed was based to a large extent ὃπε the specific targets, prepared by the Domestic Intelligence Division for the informant! 5 guidante im, Itsxis believed that the success of the forthcoming Prague << Give cho'$l ovakia,, and: possibly to Moscow, Russia, would be considerably enhanced if αὐ this time we prepare spectfic barge : informant -¢o- ‘eegompli sh. | aie
ἘΣ C 'OMMEN Da rr ON:
1. Phat the Esptonagé Section, Donestic Intelligence Division, prepare specific concrete targets for the informant in connection with his contacts with Czéchoslovakian. offtcials. in Prague, Czechoslovakia. in this regard, tt should be kept in mind that informant wil] most likely confer with Gustau Soucek, head of the International Department, - Central Committee, GP of Czechoslovakia. 1150; specific targets should be prepared in connection with informant's possible travel to the soutet Unton.
pawl, Ε Spee: Wy 00 = f809-S OBA
ν uch He bt fi ῃ ye esa nu -" Dhol, τ- 140. — A7ened Tho tet 289
(7) δ΄ μ᾽ αν ES ᾧ i. | BBDEC 231999 = ΠῸὃΘὃὅἤΣο,;
Memorandum to Hr. Beinont RE: SOLO L00-42809]
3. That the Nationalities Intelltgence Section of the Domestic intelligence Division prepare specific targets for the informant in connection with hts contacts tn Prague, Gzechoslovakia, with the Red Chinese editor of the "orld Marzist Review.
yo > MA x Abs wy Ν vv A _ 3. fhat the Internal Security Section, Domestic Intelligence
Division, prepare specific targets for the informant in connection with the
CPUSA international relations aspects of informant's contacts with foreign comnuntst parties.
wee
ACTION s
In view of the imminence ὁ this nission, it is suggested that these spect fic targets be prepared no later than 12-21-59 80 that the informant can be briefed in advance.
~ Holfoman pm.
YORE ON YELLOW: ᾿
fe roe JAN ὦ
Tele. Room _...
Gamly se
MAIL ROOK
Legal Attache, Paris Decenber 17, 1959
Director, FBI (100-428091)
COMMUNIST PARTY, USA INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ’ INTERNAL SECURITY - Ὁ
For your confidential information and future guidance and not to be disseminated, the Bureau has learned of two recent instances where the Soviets have obtained tnfornation which has apparently been leaked from J ne French police agencies. You should keep this in nind tm your future dealings with French agencies.
CG 5824~S while tn the Soviet Unton engaged In — conversation with Nikelat Mostevezs of the International | Department of the Central Connittee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Unton and hts assistant, Aleksei Grechukhin, They advised that the secret police of France had searched the luggage of John Pittman who is the Hoscow correspondent for "The Forkér" and had made copies of the docutients tn his possession, Letter fron Legal. Attache, Paris, dated 10=15=59
furnished material which Legat received from the French whith they had obtained as a result of a clandestine search of Pittman's luggage.
- fore
We Ars ffeute through for review
“SER
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τς ἐκ _ ἢ, Ε Ν + 6X 1 | ᾿ . -
TELETYPE DNITL_}
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SAC, New York (100-134637)(415) ᾿ Decenber 23, 2959
Di
itor, FBI (100-428091)
22 ys
SOLO." | SSVTEEWAL SECURIDY - Ὁ τς
ReBulet 12-15@59 and wurairtel 2-16-59.
in connection with the forthconing trip of NY 694-S to Prague, Czechoslovakia, where he will establish. contact with- representatives of the Comnuntat Parttes of Czechoslovakia and Red China and his possible travei from Prague to Hoscow, Russia, the Bureau feels that there are certain general objectives or targets. which can be given to the informant involving mtters of interest to the Bureau and to the United Statea Government. These objecttues can be placed tn two. main categories; namely, (1) matters a relating to international affairs and (2) matters relating to the ον Communist Party (CP), USA. The Bureau realtzes that informant. vill most itkely not be tn a position to obtain information on @lz of the subjects set forth belowy however, it ts felt that some of the - tnfornation might be obtainable through proper guidance and direction of discussions between the informant end representatives of the Conmuntst Parties of Red China, Gzechosiovakia and the Souvte& Union. Tt ἐδ not anticipated that informant will take any action whatsoever which might jeopardize hia security which ta, of course, of ary significance. - - ,
The followtng. téans are listed for your guidance ὶ briefing the informant relative to petters.of interest to the Bureau.
SATLERS RELATING ΤῸ INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS:
(1) fhe reaction of the Soviets, Red Ghinese and Czechosl ovak tans to President Kisenhower's trip to Asta end Europe,
—
(2) fhe Sovieéts current stand on the Berlin situation: Rhat do they erpect to gain in the forthcoming sertes of sunnitt conferences? What. concessions are they. prepared to. nake?
(3) To what extent are the Soutets and Red Chinese active, — nelson ἦν Latin. Amertcan countriés? -REC- » fide 71-562 | Seteeeh στ τ eg ben Done iat ememiad Mohr <2 ᾿ Κη
AJD: ce fsmed Parsons Se 4 on Rosen —_—_.—> ( ) ᾿ Tamm aa oe
Trotter ΟΝ : W.C. Sullivan — 7 Telo. Room ᾿ς τῷ '
Sdn Ava}Qe '
— 3 1959 } J
TELETYPE UNIT
-_
- plana of the Chinese inoluding ‘théetr eatimates of O38. capabilitteas
. Letter to SAC; New-York RE: SOLO 20042809)
(4) What are the plans of Red Chine. concerntig δ 8 current border dispute with India? —
(8) what is the Red Chineae current policy concerning Ὁ Forriosa and other offshore tslands, held by the Chinese nationalists?
(6) Plans, intentions or gapabtzities of the Red: Chtnese™ to Garry out intelligence, propdganda or subversive activities in the Untted Stateay identitiea of individuals or orgonizettona betng. used ‘op to. be used to implene itt Such activity. nethods of channels of Conmunt eae? οὔ, 8.
(7) Qvemall polttical«ntl itary strategy; tntenitons and
major tnternattonal political. objectives, internatlonal polttical atrengtha and weaknesses of the Chinese aommuntste; strengths and weaknesses. of police controls extent of potential. or acttal disafpece tion oF resistance by neinland Chine se; role or influence of USSR tn renade communt st policy; afd any Indteattona of strain th βπουδου re atone.
͵ Ἢ
. (8) Effo orts. of possible negotiations with the Chinese
national tate now or tn the: futurey.and evidence of any successful ᾿ς tnpiltration of Chinese nationaliat. organizations on Formosa ‘by - the. Chine se CoMnmUunt sts. ι
9) Current Sovtet blée attitudé toward Tugostavia: and toward the. Polish Government, —
(20) What tacktes” are the Soutets ΜΝ to aerupt the NATO alliance? ,
(11) Indteations of Sovtet or hed thinese Plans for aggression against the United States or any other country in the worlds
(12) Infornation regarding the triternaZ situation tn , Rusata;y. inoluding ‘such matters cs. the effecttueneas of control of the CP of the Sovtet Unton (CPSU) of military forces and secret police -and the epfectivengaa of Khrushchey's control ‘over the ' CPSU. Also, any preparation of Soviet citizens by the Russtan Government for nuclear warfare; such ag civil gefensé training, shelter Progran and. underground factortes and factivttes,
- bee - eT . -«- . * tie a + . - avo. Ἄ . - "ιν - τ a aid 7 teat aos 1 a ᾿ τ . . - . i ~ : _ - - " ῃ " . - ~~ 6 4 . υσαονῖ L .
Letter to New Xorik , BE? ΟΣ: - ΝΞ 100. 498091
Ὁ ,
r
- (19) ops pelationéhtp with conmunist ‘pertics tn. other
ΝΙΝ Soutat bloc COUNTT ER 8.
| (14) Any detatla obtatnablé as to how the psy directa and controls. conminist parties in ‘other count rte sy eapéctally those in the Fe ste rn Hentaphe re «
(1) sovi eb react ἐθὴ ‘to the: ‘GPUSA i?th NattonaZ Conventton inaiuding the various resoluttons: adopted and the leadership selected. ΝΥ |
(2) vatisre of future contactée in the United States. between,
the GPUSA and the Sovtets, In the évent Vladtnir Barkoveky ts recalled, weet α' simtler means of conminteatton be UG el tzed2
« 3) “Hature of fubure contacts betugen tha CPUSA and the Gugehoslovaktana, both th the United States and abrodd.
; (4} How much, aupervtsi{on will the: cPsw- gtue to relations between the GP: of Czechoslovakia. and the CPUSA? How wid 2 thts Supe ruts ton be exercised? .
(5) Naturé of. future contacts between the ePusA and the Red Chinese. Υ͂8 there a possibility that there can- be Suture contacts tn the United States? This. proposal can be nade by the infornant from the standpoint that future contects between the Chinese and va GPUSA tn Prague would be dipfiouzt and awkward for. the CPUSA, -
‘Data ‘concerning the relationship of the “World Marcist -
δ | Reutew" 40 he tnternattonal communtat novenent. Identities of princtpal editors and workers attached to this publication tn Prague, @x well as the contadts of this publication tn dountrtes outatde of ‘the Soviet blocs .-
(Ὁ) What stepa have-thé Gzechoslovakians ‘taken to mitntain or renew contacte in the United States with Anerican | ettizens of Czechoslovakian “ontgthiP How are these contdots Goconplt shed?
Letter ἐδ' New. York- | ' RE: ΒΌΣΌ ΠΝ 100~428 091 τς
(8) Any indteattons oP menbara im the United: States . are currently δοίης uttlized or are expected to be used hy the Sovtets or Red Ghinese in espionage and sabotage activittes.
The. foregoing suggebttona are not to be considered ail tnelusive but as a guide to the type of information in which we aré particularly interested. Infdrmant should not feel that hta quest for tnpormation should. be limited tn any way, to the suggested matters. It is emphasized that the informant shotld take no action to obtain the tnformation not readily available, which action — would. in any way jeopardize his securtty or his position. Under no cirounstandés should he make any written notes of the objectives nor..dhould he. ask any dtrect ghesirans δ δὴ night place him under susptéton,. |
* You are tagtructed to brief the injormant thonoughly ‘On the above natters tinnedtately tn utew of the tuminence of hve trip. abroad, fhe purpoag of the briefing. should be made - ἢ | unmtstakably clear and the tnformant should be thpresséd with
the fact that the buraau considers. his avourtty ω prinary | tmportance, ©
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Office MemorQadum « UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
Ἰ : DIRECTOR, FBI (100-428091) - pate; 12/18/59
CHicaco (1se-sey(sub 4)
ANAL SECURITY - C
᾿ Re Bulet dated June 12, 1959, instvucting that details . concerning disbursement of funds in. the possession of CG 5824~S*
- be submitted to the Bureau each"thirty days. Balance ‘in the possession of .CG 5824-S*. ‘as of November 20, 1959. sccccnccenccrccsesuceseer 60,.700
=
=r - -
Additions eT
Co . On December 15, 1959, $2,500 from τς funds in possession - of. NY “694-S*
- "were transferred. to funds in the - ᾿ possession of’ CG 584 δεν ys seceteseseecseseseseden 5 2; 500°
. 4
Disbursements 3 | ΝΞ a None. |
“Balance in the possession: of 6G 5824. se as’ of December 18, ἀθδθα, τνολευττεσεέςοννενον ει $9,200 |
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i STANDARD FORM NO, 64 O O Office Memorandum * UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT TO /f}: DIRECTOR, FBI (100-428091) DATE: December 21, 1959
SAC, CHICAGO (134-46 Sub B) pERSONAL ATTENTION:
δ ASSISTANT DIRECTOR. ( _ SOLO A, H, BELMONT
SUBJECK INTERNAL SECURITY ~ ᾧ
M
Re Bureau letter, dated 12/14/59,
_ In compliance with instructions in referenced letter
and. in the absence of the SAC from the city on leave, ASAC JAMES L. HANDLEY personally exhibited the Director's letter to CG 5824-S* on December 18, 1959, At the same time, the cash award was delivered.
The letter could not be exhibited to the wife of CG 5824-Si inasmuch as she is confined completely to bed and her physical condition is seriously grave. CG 5824-S* was visibly moved by the expression of appreciation and the kind words of patriotism and Loyalty vas’ expressed by the Director, His immediate reaction was a, desire that his wife should see the. letter, as he [ ° indi¢ated: she, | too,. “would be quite pleased with the kind expres- Sions of the Director; However, he indicated that her physical condition - would not allow.same, but that he would indeed tell
her Ὁ" At. ‘Ain detail, - | ΓΌΟΝ ΜΝ ΝΝ σῷ, ZH
CG '5824—9* was deeply appreciative of the cash award a particulariy” of its receipt at this time inasmuch as his wife's failing health has’ placed upon him an added financial burden, e expressed . great’ praise for the Director. and the FBI and: indicated that although at the” present, time he has a serious problem con- ‘fronting him _dué "to his wife! ΙΒ physical condition, he expressed the. hope that che could be: of ‘greater service in the future.
It" ‘is. the personal feeling of ASAC HANDLEY that the thoughtfulness of the. Director in sending this letter and cash ‘award did much to improve the splendid relationship existing between the Bureau and. CG 5824-S* and his wife, and indééd was a great source of comfort coming at the time it did when CG ‘5824-8* is emotionally upset due to the hemith of his var
ι It is believed that this gesture ὁ ΑΕ ΚΑ δ δ ἀρ on CG 5824~S* that will long be rementérdédeeset exc
The Director's letter. has péopEpladéestin the office safe pursuant to instructions in referenced Bureau letter.
a a ar,
2 - Bureau (REGISTERED) {iat 1 - Chicago oP JLH: fes ee calle
(3) seg ἣ Ἂ
᾿ς DOVANA 1059
ος .. ' . | FD-36 (Rev. 12-13-56) ον | ro O <=
: ᾿ ΕΒῚ
|
|
|
{ ot. - Date: 12/16/59 | ° |
{
(Type-in plain text or code) 7 AIRTEL "REGISTERED !
“π' (Priority or Method of Mailing) ΕΝ | το: DIRECTOR, FBI (100 -ξ28091) ὍΝ YORK (100~134637) (415)
ion)
. On 12/16/59, NYG694«S advised that as a result of learning from ELIZABETH MASCOLO, who has been in NYC, that TIM BUCK would leave for a vacation in Mexico before the end of this week, he and CG 5824-$ decided that, through MASCOLO, BUCK should be furnished immediately with information to be relayed to the Czech CP and the CPSU concerning NY 694-S' contemplated trip abroad. MASCOLO, who left NYC on 12/14/59, was instructed to tell BUCK the following:
NY 694=S expects to arrive in Brussels between x ὴ January 4 and January 7. 1960, and will go to the Gzech ἘΠῸΔΕ there to pick up his floating visa to Prague.
MASCOLO was also furnished NY 694-S' "travelling name” and also his "biography", which is to be sent to Prague and Moscow, reflecting his CP, USA, activities since 1926.
With respect to why he plans to arrive in Brussels between January 4th and January 7th,. NY 69468 advised as
follows; L fm.
ι. Bae {RY 9 τ ἊΝ, 3 j= MOREAU (1081128001) (RIN σφ. U2 Fog lad Aa 1 = NY 134-92 (την) 15}... ν REC- 2 1 ΝΥ 100-134637 (15). 14 DEG 17 1959
a fa wea ΞΞ ΔΝ ACBimfd (15) 0 ᾿ ΝΠ » (7) . ΝΝ RY Se "" “ἢ ἐν τ (ἃ | _ δῷ τῇῦ |
Approved: διῖ. Μ᾿ Ρϑοι
a BR JAN 4 186 Gctar Agent in Charge
&
AIRTEL TO BUREAU NY 100-134637
He must travel to Europe by ship. Fearing irremédiable damage to the informant's already perforated eardrums as ak - result of a flight to Europe, the informant's doctor has for- bidden him to take such a flight. NY 69488 consequently plans " to leave NYC on December 28, 1959, if possible on the "Liberte." » According to NY 694-S, hé must obtain a. certificate of vaccina- tion. eight days before sailing.
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Offic ΠΣ : UNITED το seat covenneent ᾿
-+ DIRECTOR, FBI (100-428091) DATE: 12/18/59. NE, ' | πον ΕΞ FROM ἐκ κου. (434-46) (Sub BY) Τ᾿- . . SY woyecr: : ᾿" νι τς RNAL SECURITY = _c :
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Re Bulet ‘dated November: 17 ; 1959; Chicago airtel dated. November 21, 1959; Bulet dated November 27, 1959; Chicago. letter ‘dated December: 7; "1959+ and Bulet .dated December 17, 1959, con- . cerning the. organizational Structure of the Conimunist Party of ᾿ China, |
CG 5824~S* orally advised SA JOHN E. KEATING on December 15, 1959, that the only changes ‘in the Government of China of which he is aware are .those which are listed in referenced. Chicago air-- tel dated. November 21,.1959, .
Tt is noted that the four persons. ; métitioned in referenced : ‘Chicago airtel were not removed from ‘their positions in the Party. - «CG. 5824-S* stated that the. only. other inforiation he 7 has, about leading. members’ of the Party and Government ‘of China is the following list of speakers at the 8th National WOngress of the Communist Party y,.of China, held. in’ 1 19562. ΣΝ
ies πέτα, “τὸ
ΓΟ - Ὁ et oe
~ ! ‘ " ρον τ ΩΣ Teh — ᾿
Po Lp, Chaiiman of the: National Economic a “Co LSS On ae ren “ : ς
χάασυ, First Secretary. of, the , Inner Mon- i
Zolian Autonomousfegional. Committee of of whe, | ΕΝ ΝΣ - “Coninunist Party, of China, : .Ν |
͵ ee oS UNG Beg
NANG Kuochua, Deputy Secretary. of the _ ΚΠ Committee wot, the, Communist. “Party.” #2Chine. 6 a AB B09 a Si 7 ‘22> -mweau (REGISTERED) =» PY. L =~ Chicago :
ΩΣ ‘eRe ταν ay weet
Runist Party of-China, (It is noted that in Chicago letter dated December ,J0, 1959, KO
. Ching-shih is referred to ag EN Cheng-chi (phonetic). ").
"Baresi ee “the * central Cohn ttes ot thet Con |
δ
UNG Jen-chiung, Deputy Secrétary=General. . ~ of ‘the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,
¢ TENG Tse~hui, Director of the Department. of “Rural Work of the Central Committee. of the Communist Party of China, :
τ τ με ΠΕ enone hy. Vicé«Prénier and Minister of Finance, Ὁ
==="FENG Ying-chao, Vice-Chairman of the All-China. Democratic Women’ §_Federation..
»EAI Joryu, Chairman of the Al1-China Federa«. dion of Trade Unions, .
I li-san, Deputy Director of the Department or Industrial and’ Cormunication Work_of the jo δέμας Committee ‘of the Communist ‘Party of
ὡ-»-- Ὁ
ΒΕ Cheng, Depity. Director. of ‘the. General “Potttical Department of the Chinesé People's Liberation Army.
tay eam?
~TSAL Chang, First Secretary. of the Comission min Chinres ‘of Work Among, Women, the Central Com-. mittee of the Communist Party of China.
_AEL Bich, Vico-Premioz and Chairman of the State Planning Commission, —
(ἡ Hsueh-feng, Director, οἱ. the, Department of
REE suoh-= and Communication Work of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,
=~ Bw
CG 134+-4G (Sub 8)
. - ] Ἂν . ΝΞ i ihe 7 HU Yao-pang, Member of the Secretariat of the ῳ. -" 5. —Céntral-Committee. éf the New Democtatic Youth : ΒΩ League of China, _
+L Wei-han, Director of the United, Front Work Department of. the.Central. Committee of the Communist. Party οἵ, China.,. -
wk SATFUDIN, Secretary of the Sinklang Uighur “Autonomous_Regional Committee. of the Communist “Party of China, ..
_APS00NG Ching Ling, Vice-Chairman of the Standing οὐ “Comnittteé“oF the: National People's” Congress; -
| ~ Untess CG 5824-S* has inadvertently failed. to recall Somé additional details, this communication is the last in regard τὸ this third "SOLO" trip:
FD-36 (Rev, 12-13-56) Ν
κει στο, oy
FBI
Date: 12/21/59
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Transmit the following in : (Type in plain text or code)
tr,
Vil AIRTEL REGISTERED | | 4 (Priority or Method of Mailing) |
eee ee ee eee ee be, TO: DIRECTOR, FBI (100=428091) FROM: 1, NEW YORK (100~134637) (425) supsect:; (5 LO ᾿ ΝΞ IS.
NY 694-S advised on 12/21/59, that he cannot perfect arrangements to leave NY on 12/28/59 as planned, and wlll have to revise his schedule to leave at a later, and as yet undetermined, date, Bureau and Chicago will be ‘advised re revised plans.
(37 ~~ BUREAU (100-428091) (RM)
L = CHICAGO) (134=46 Sub _B) (SOLO) (RM) L~ NY 134-91 | τὰν) (425)... ,L = NY 100134637 ἢ) δ). ς,
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\ sion No. δὲ ©.
ie Memoranda UNITED carte GOVERNMENT :
i: ; DIRECTOR, FBI (400--428091) "DATE: 12210259
ἊΝ Ue SAC, ‘cHIGAGO (134-46) (Sub B) Le : a ᾿
CG 5824-S*, on.December 2, ed to . με
- SA JOHN E, KEATING and Stenographer he hae
information on the following pages. s report concerns a trip. ~
to Nanking and Shanghai, and two meetings 614 in Shanghai.
χ
TWLERNAL SECURITY ~.:C
2-= Bizeau (REGISTERED) Ll -- New York (100-134687) (SOLO) (REGISTERED) 1. - Chicago
JEK/kws (4)
acre i? ONE 9 1999 °
TRIP TO NAUKING AND SUANGHAX, ALND TWO a MEETINGS ΒΕ. τῇ SUANGHAT ᾿ ye
° Durinz the fisst fow days of Octovor,. τοῦθ, ANG. Vine of tho Intoxrnetiorval Linicon-Dopartront..ofthe.contral Δ
ϑοσαὶ εἶσ of tho Communist Party of China, askod ἘΠ ΤΟ CHLEDS ΝΕ ΔΑ
‘how long ho could ‘stay in China,” Ro oxplainad tha could ὅτ», re
spond at east a. month in Ching and could trayol anywhore in =) eee
Ching, Ee sald that sono of tho délogates, including the Ome τ" ,
Canadians and tho Dritish, wore going on ἃ trip to Shanghai, πο
CUIEDS ‘voplicd that he could not spond moro than throo wooks in
China, TANG Hingechno. suggested that. CHILDS tako a. trip to
Bhanszhai with a stop-over in Nanking, CHILDS asreed to thid with
tho understanding that ko would roturn to Pokiny in tine to ἴοανο
Poking for Ποσοον,. Russia, on or. about: Octobor 17, 1959,
Nanking Sp. Chin
. Dolegaten from tho Conntiniat Divides of Groat. Eritain, - ͵ Canada, Australia, the United Statos, and two unidontified dolo- - gates fron the Comunist Party of Portugal, mado tho trip fron Pekiny to. Shanghad during Octobor, 1959,
- Tho stop-over in Nankinx wis for approzinately six hour. Tho dolosatos wore grooted at tho airport by the Mayor, the Socre- tary of tha Comnunist Party, and a rotinuo of inportant poopiv.. Lach of tho dolotations fron. the other Comuuntst Partics was nosie¢ned ἃ car and a host from tha Provincial or Municipal Con— mitteo.of the Comunist Party of Chinn, while they wore in Nanking, Aftor thé welcoming speochea and introductions at the adrpoxt,
each dolozation was takon on. πὶ tour of the city, Places of his- ’ torical intorest wore pointod out. Tho. delogatioa from tho; Com - Bunist Party ὦ USA was taken to the fanous Lotus Gavdens and to tke Nausoloun of Dr. SU! Yatecon, Tho tour woo climaxod with a binquot,, which was: hold in the conficeated country Villa of Madan CHIANG Kaieshek. -
Shonzkad ἈΣ Ching
In Shanghai, tho délegatos fron the otkor Consunist Partios word mot by tho ontire loadordhip of tho Party in- Skangha , including the following:
πε.’ Chon our -chi (phonotic), rionbor of the Politi~ ca ona of the Comnmist Party of China, -Pixst
τὰ joo “AME ECP τ Ὁ
τος Sodrotary of tke Kubicipal Committee of Shanzhad ,
| and tha Uayor of Shonvhai, (Dy way of comont,
| JOSEP ALSO? dStatod in ono of his articloés that
| , ἘΠῚ Chory-chi bad beon removed fren hic: post. Thid
: is not trro, [Co wag in Poking for tho edichration of tho 16th Annivorcary ard thon soturnod to. Stange
» .A\CHALG Chun-chido, monbor of tho Gtardine Con él yy ‘ni ktee ΟΣ tho Lunieipar. Comittce of tho Communiot Party of Shanghai, Lo wis assigned to Louis curls and acconpaniod CHILDS whorever ho wont in Shanghai. -
(ως 1, esis Chon-tounc, combor of tho Standins Con~
ἐμ tig of tho Lanicipal Coznitteo. of Skantkai, and ‘Boad of | tho ontivo toxtilo: industry in tho Shpuzhai a aro. Eo acted δα the hoot for TANCE” LOUISZEcARehyY, τ whan “Génorhi_Cegrotary of ἢ tko . Communist arty” of Austrolin.s. - |
Re pnp: 7 eau Chi, mombor of tho. Kuntédpal Committos. 3 of ~ ci ins pint Party. of Sharchal . .
( be ἐ- PING Tau, Vice PEAS τεσ, ΟΣ tko Fodoration οἵ
Trade Unlong in Sbanzkai, Wo had worked in’ δὴ Andrican-owned powr ‘plant ἀπ Shoncvkad.
| , ‘SOONG Tungechus, Vieo Dizoctor of the ) Shanghad abs? “Powox” Company. he I hond oF tha Dharrhat parricon and his rotinué of officors woro also at the airport and woro introduced to the 4010- gates fron tha otkor Comunist Particd, Soldiers word also linod vp δὼ that tho coloztates could view and inspect thon.
| The dolosates Pron tho Communist Party = UCA and fron '- $ho othor Comuniat Parties word each givon a. suito of χοῦ in ths Chins Chiany Kote] in Shanrhat. -
The dologates wore pornitted to tako tours of any part of Pharghal.. Aronz tko places vioited by LORRIS CHIME wore tho Childron's Palace. of ΠΗ ΒΩ, tho Fu Teh Univorsity,; 2 nov industrial city which ἐπ called ἃ satellite town and was allegedly ᾿ pullt within five roatha. I¢ 1h Located about 25 miles froma Shang hai, CHILDS alco yinitod a couplo of commumes in tho Skarghat- aro’ snd tho industrinl dxhibition in Shinchkal.
t tS ῖ
yo il ( ᾿ξ: oo
Ϊ cyEDB was nico introduced ΤΩ @ tiomeling There tary ὁ of ths.
ho Youny Cosmunist League at tho fon nt tho Fu Toh Univoraity. | SPT apenas baile penn ieee a na era skeen ta
| Phd rane one. of the comnthes vinitod 4s Chi Dao,.
which meats "Soyon Troasuios'', Conride FU ig the Party Socrotery.
of thid commins, which in Located about iyo piles closer to Shing hai thon tho now ontollitd city, χὰ 1 bolioved that tho row satellite city aud this commune. aro undor tho sano county orgdin= ization. The Party fecrotary for tho, now industrial city: was procont, during tho tour of tho comune.
tt wan noted that the forror Anorican legation in shanghad, ig ‘prosontly boing uscd for anti-Anorican broadcasts,
Und ofroind Ondvations of tho Comunist Party. of China Prior to the Revolution
In Shanghai, tho: Communiat Party loadérship was anxious to rélata how thoy bad worked in the undorground, Thoy spent hours taliiny about tho pro~-rovolutionary poriod. Tho purpose - of those discussions was to convindco the othor Comnmint Partics that they should haya an underground organization until tho days of the ravolution. Furthor, that. Communist Parties in enpitalist — countrios should havo is fow Party podplo: as posible oxposod to ὁ tho world 25 Commmist Party mombers. .
_ 0 dologates. fron tho other Communiat Parties wore . phéwa. a 512 leneth. film doaling with @ powor plint in Shanghai, Tho film shows the underground struggle to take ovor the pliant. τὸ yoflocts that some Chinoso wore killed during this atruyglid ahd thoy have boon nade martyrs or korocs of tho.causo, Thora in’ 2ino on oxhibit ddaliny with this phase of the pro-rovolutionary. Btruggic. This oxhL bit ts in the Trade Union Tall of Culturo which is the trado: union koadquartorg in Shanghai.
Tho basis for those diséussions was, the theats of BAO
Too-tunz in rogard to propagaida and organizational work by Com- munist Partiod in celtics which μόνο, lon? bion. occupied by the.
onomy and dominated by tho forces of roaction, In this thosis,. ᾿
“ “BAO. tated that in tcading the people's struggle against tho. onony,
wee
#
, Comnimist Parties nust adopt techiiquoes of advanctic slowly, but
suroly, by baking tho fuljest possibie usb of all forrs of
, τ opportunity and legal activities pornmitted by Iasws, decrees, and:
customs. Furthor, that tho Communist Parties in capitalist countricos should basé thenselyos upon justifiability,; oxpedicncy, and rostraint.. Rash acts can novor lead to success, This was
the thesis takon from the sclectod works of MAO Tse-tuny, Volund
- 3II, paso 86, and was tho -basig for all discussions concerning
the undergrosnd opoxations, ‘of tho Communist Party of China.
Modting Addressed by CBANG Cht
One of tho neotinys hold in the Ching Chinnz Hotel was addrésied Ὅν. CHANG Chi, Presont at thosd moatings wore LANCE - LOUIS. SHARKEY, MORRIS CHILDS, CHANG Chun-chiao, and CHANG Chon« tount, Also present was aworan translator from the International : Livgidon Departzont of the Contral Coxnittoa of, ‘tho. Communist Party. of China, While sko appears to be. about tyonty: yoars ΟΣ arc, : she has four children, While sho undoratends English, cko Bpoke ' 'ΨΟΣΥ͂ reroly.
CHANG Chi startod with ἃ. dicbussion conéorning work in tho roactionary trado uniond, Ue said, Almost ovory industry in — Shanghai, including transportation, utilition, toxtile nilis,. ote., was in tho hands. of the imporialists, CHANG Chi stated -
‘that 300,000: workers wore employed, althouch thoxd were one nile.
tion available. Thoro. was a lot of unomploynont., A lot. of " workers wore ongaged in casual work and.thore was great insecure ity. Thore was a.lot.of woman and child Jabor, with oxtrore exploitation, Tho workors wero very ofton punished and cvon physically beaten at tho will of foronon or ovorscors.. Thoro was virtual ‘slave Isbor. Tho numbor ono man, who actually was a- labor contractor, would go to ths villaco dnd contract 22 010 girls for a pittance for thrde to tivo yoars, Thode. nisorable
| conditions and this oxtrdéme exploitation nado reformist iusions | | inpossible in Shangkal and in 511 of China.
The organized workiny class novenont atarted With tho
birth of. tho Chinose Conmunist Party, As ἃ rule, strikes ΟΣ othor strusgios would dovelop undor tho diroct leadexchip of tho.
Comsuniat Party of China after 1921. Those strugglos cane ton. big clinax.on May 30, 1925, in Shanghai, by 1926, about 800,000 workers wore in. tha trado untons, : :
| In March, 1927, Comrade CHOU En-lai Jed an uprising in Shanghad.. _ The Right oppor tunists. in tho Communist Party at that.
oe "
tino, working in tho Kounintanzy, led to ‘a betrayal by CHIANG Kai~ Ghek, They wore ovor-cautious in 9 united front with the national
bourgeoisie. This resulted in tho countor-révolution.
- Gut tho torror of tho Kounintangy had tho opposito
effect, The execution of Cozirmmnist loadors in front of tho: workers only caused tho workers to adnire the bravery of tho Con- | munists, ospocially when the trade unions woro prohibited and the cutting of wages took place aftor a lodt strike. Becduce of thid peculiar history. and tha typo of struggles. in China, the econonic. Struggle could not bo scparatod fron tho political struggle. Because of inporinlist domination in China, every dtruggle oven~« ‘tually became a political struggle. Tho menbors of tho Communist Party always undorstood that the aim of every struggle is to increase the influence of tho Party anonz tho massog. The Party monbership was amongst thd nascos and this is why they were able to understand the grievances. and sentiment of tho massog. Par- ticipation in snail strug#les led to bigger ones; that is, fron
# shop ‘to industry-wide, if it wad possible to advance the. struggle beyond the Lower lovol, “ .
" bd. Comninists looked with ἃ nicroscope for σοηύχηαλο- tions in tho ranks of the enemy, Wo Jearnod how to take advantage of contradictions, This wag cspécilally true during tho Japandae occupation and tho problems created in China at that timo; par~ tictlarly in. oach cozcession; whore tho British atid tho French wore the rivals of the Japanese.
- — We mado wae af all situations; Fox oxanpic, during the poriod of inflation, the Party put forth the demand for pay in kind instead of money. Since this was not a conplote: solution, wo. always domanded pay based upon a price indox, We also put forth the demand ‘to unfrooze tho prices because of the falco indox, Tho task of tho Party was dlwoys to make use of favorable
opportunitios, such ds those in existoned in March, 1947,
᾿ In March;. 1947, ὉΠΟΧῸ. was large-scale starvation. The students wore protesting, and the poople wero againat tho civil war. The corruption of the Kowiintang was known to hundreds of - thousands, Thd Kountnterg's subordination to the United States wos.expostd, The Communist Party put forth tho slogan, “Euy - China, not USA, madé-prdducta™, We launched an offonsive. Wo τοῦ χοᾶ tho various stroamz of struggic, Such as the domand for the untroezing of tho pricd indox, to.the denands of the students,
the workers, the morchants, otc,
During each struggle, tho Comunisbt Party had tho task
w 5
pee σε 7
of raisine the concclioudness of the wOorkort,: "7 this: was not. dong, thon tho workors would win ‘a concession but tho leydl of | tho: clang consciousness would drép, Dut 15 tho cldsa consciouse nossa was raised, thon tho workors would bo conylneced that their griovances could be oclininated. by the abolition of capitalisn.
The Communist Party mofbors an the: roactionary unions -
Wore distonnected frou tho Party organization. To provont the
corruption o£ such. individual Cozmuniébts, thoy. wore givon con~ stant attention and political education, Whon ἃ σου δ᾽ Party - nonbor bechne a suspect by tho Kounintanz, ke would’ be sacked to. join thé Kounintanz. ‘Tho Party would say, If you aro forced to join, go ahoad. Eut Jay tho cards on tha table bofore thé workers. and tell thon that you wore askod to join and that you cannot ‘do anything about. it. Tho workers will undorstand. Sond. Communist
Party workers wore agkod to taka tho oath of Buddha and, of course, wo let. thon do. that, too, -
The. Comaunist Party of Ching always. had fronts. and recoryes of poopie, If one comtado was lost due to arrest, inprisonmnt, ote.; #2 would stop in and wo always had & #3.
asaignod to step in as a substitute for #2, if arrostod.
‘In the ported after 1027, wo took a soctdrian, nititude
. to the Kountitang unioas. This waa. tho poried of Loft advontur-
isn, The workors would not join tho rod trado unions. If they would not join tho rod trode. unions; wo would smash ‘the Kounintanz unions. Latdr, tho Kounintang formed thd Chikeso Fodordtion of — Labor, and wo bogan to work in the trado unions, ospociaiiy Ἢ after wo ousted our advonturict londorship.
During tha Japanoso yar in 1057). wo ον δά ἡ whole nunbor of organizationa and socictios -- not trade. unionsa.. We.
organized a front called olie?® for ‘the Réfurcds"; and wo worked.
in the rofugeo camps. Wo worked ayong tho rofugoed, found jobs for somo of thon. Onco wo influenced thom abd got thon jobs, | wo had clocde tios with thon. Wo formed the kind of orfanizations
. which corresponded to tho period,
.The Zorn of the organization ig uninportant. Yor
GxXanyle ». whon tho Japanoso wore drivon out of Shanghai, wo filled
a vacuum and wo organizod trade unions. We beat, the Kounintany
to it. Bofore the Kounintanz could come in, wo had drganized trade unions; Aftor the war, the Koumintang asked ‘that the trade ᾿ unions register. Wo rozistered the trade unions, but we rotained a nsjority of tho trado “union laadorohip. They wore undex tho
| influonce of the Cosnunist Party ospocially tho key unions. 15
~ Gm
᾿ counciis, ‘Thoy actually existed in namo only, but in somo site
thore wag a tinton Fo. could not Control, such as the poctal and tolograph workers; thon wo organizod cantoons, consundxd 605
“‘Qporntivos , ovening schools; οἷσι», all-undox tho auspicos of εἶδ.
Kounintans unton. But wo ‘usod those dovicos 25. Communists ἢ inflioned. the workers. We also exploited the fattional struggio in, thd Kounintanz, AtoolZ, Ve would usually attack the most
ΝΣ roactionary officials, -
‘Tho δος υοή δία. pdnotratcd ovorywhoro 414 tho trado uitoit
- Bovoront,. Wa oyon gat people inte tho Exocutivo of tho. Shanehai -
Labor Council, which was tho: higkost body of tho trade unions, Sida: by. bide with this portotration, wo..coiitinucd to expose: ὑπὸ. Kounintany unions, until thoy woro. forcod, ta change. thoir nama to social conters, Wher. we fLollowad ‘tha wront lind, wo just ἀξ»
' Yupted tho Kounintan? union, Noone gainod anything; but inter
On, whon, wo. follcwod ‘the correct lina, ‘wo: took over,. ponotratod tho. unions, and sproad ‘the influonce of the Communist Party.
used avory forn of organization to. bo sure that wa controlled ©
and influontod, just in, casd tho. Kounintany would ‘try. to. destroy any trado unions.
Yie eplso orgentzod ckoloton organizations ὄπ skoloton |
uations: wa: used these for a call to action, In tha nama thoso
- organizations, wo rut forth.donands ani Slogans, Wis woro ‘able to: raise ἀπὸ Loft bannera, -
ΕΣ
να ΡΠ π᾿ |
We érizanized ald kinds of schools. Those word used.
not only for cdvention «= wo did try to cducate ~~ but also for
organization, capocially aftor liberation. During tho. Japanose — occupation, tho school continued, oyon if the trado unions Wore dinsolved. ‘Tho sckoola bocane substitutes for ‘tho trade ο unions. Wo also used bourgeois drnstitutions, such asthe YUCA,.
Janguage schools, schools for philanthropists, - Our’: poopie, who
wi ὦ
τ ---
Goro tonckors as’ rule, oupplitd the ἑοχέροομο to. those schools. .
eee
Thése institutions bacarie contors for roeruitnont of cadre ali the whdlo tho Comunist Party was underground. - No pattor what tho brutality. of the onony, wo found means to outwit thon.
Kootiny Addressed by CHANG Chon-téun
ΝΞ CHANG. Chonetsung bogan his. speach by citing como of theo. nistakes which wore rade in Bharichad by tho Communist Party dur- ing the undorgraund poridd. [Ed stated ko thought tho delogates from tho othor Costiunist Partiog could loarn and bonefit fron these nigtakos, CHANG Chon-touny stated that tle Communist Party of China tado threé typos of mistakes: (1) It nogloctod the - | Logal podsibilities; (2) They wore too. domatic; and (3) During
e
ho poriod of this: advonturist loadorship, the unitcd front Zor
focal donands wad undor-rated, -
ον, When 'UAO Tso=tung's line was adopted by the Communist Party of China in 1935, wo. began to work for ἃ domocratic national united front in ordor to build a pocialist China. We know yo. could not build this: socialist Ching without first having a national dendcratic imitdd front.
ΝΕ _ Bow did wo put this line of tha democratic national ~- ‘united front into offect? First of all, the nonborship of tho Party at. that timo wag not too groat. The mossos woro starod
because tho Loftiotd did 4 lot of danza to tho Commnist. Party
organization during their xyulo of. tho Party, Thorofora, tho
| Zirst tagdk wo had was to ¥e-ostablish the Communist Party. The |. firot task of the Party efter its xo-organization was to win
the masses. Tho job was, how to turn tke. progran of tke Communist |
Party into & prosran Zor tho. masses, ,or how to proceed to tha. level of the people.
: ; Xn 1935, Japan. invaded China, Tho masses of China domanded that the Japanore inporialists be drivon out. At that - ting, thore was still a struggle in the Comunist Party of China betwoon the Loftists and the Comaunist Party leadership led by — HAO Tod-tung, which had tho corrdct linc, Tho Communist Party policy was to butid a broad rosistatcd moyonont which would =~ include the Kounintang. The convades who were influoneed by the leftists bolioved that the chief onomy was CHIANG Kai~shok, and . not tho Japanoce, Eut tho Comninist Party followed tho lino which was sloganized in national saivation. | .
Tho Comunist Party organizod various salvation. organ- izations amongst the workors, tho studonts, tho middie classes,
- § =
ye a
- i . rs
ote, 1935 was only tha. bocinning -of the antieJapandoo war, ‘And
- CHIANG Kiieakeok was not yot Ln the war ἐσ ον Japan... Tho
poopie wore Ὡ 11 afraid. Those salvation organizations WErg legal, but thoy wore yory much Linited. Tho masses of tho po poopls had to bo organized fro, the levol of thoix écofonie interests
ον gud their daily demands, At that tine, oyén tho reactionary yelloy trado unions word not allowed to oxlbts Tut thero waxg
other. loreal organizations, such as salvation groups, Bockal aid
- EVOupSy, οἷς,
: When: the Coxzinists Wore Lighting Lor Legality, thin” 7 did not moan wo fought fox tho legak status of the Party, as such, Only our top loadors of ‘tho Party, sich ad LAO Tso=tunc, Choy |
-Enelai, and a fou othora, spoko oponly as Communists, It took 2 Jong tine for us to raiso slogans to a political level. Wo dia.
borin to raice Local poongaite demands, but thoso;. in oux% situs.
tion, woro not onough..
_
With τοῦ ard to the “‘phlted zronts, the Cosiunist Party over Joined, in tho fornal sono. of the word, or signed formal
agroondnts., Thd Comnunist Party. put forward 8. protran IAinst
Japan, “Tho Kounintany nevor agreed ov endorsed this prozran, Tho snail aénocratic parties waich oxistod under tho Koinintany
ο΄ χορὸ wore, in. tho main, organized by tho Communist Party. “thoy ¥oinod in tho united fronts. Only itn 1945 did wo forrdliy Join. in tho united front, whon we had to donald with. ‘CHIANG Kod~chok.,
Aftor the victory ovor Japan, tho Kounintang Was. Zorced to nogotiate with those varlous political parties. ‘Pho . Kounintant nover fully agrecd, init, thoy did consent teh politi- eg consultative cosnforonce. Thon tho. civil war broke ‘out, To tool. oyvor ‘tho consultativyo conferonco kannor, Lator, thia con~ forence sét up πὶ govornnont and elected a chairman, and oven now
on official consultative poople’s conferonco is a united front,
Whon the Communist Party of China put forward tho idog of αὶ united front, tho Loftist olenont resisted. They: said, Wo cannot unite with CHIANG Kaleshok and the nurdorors of Commnists,- When we formed the united front, the red army becane thd 8th
woute arny. Thoy ronovod tho red stard fron thoir capa, but in
actuality thoy woro still influonced by tho Party. Somo Co nists did not realize that a united front with othor Classog night devyolop capitulatory tendoncies. .
Tho ciaso line, thorofore, is ; Inportent at all tino. One NING (now living is Koscow) capitulated, Ee said both the
a Fa
Costmminist Party and tho Kowilntang have. the bost youth, He
mido no dintinction. botwéon the Communists. and the othera. To - proachod that evorything has to bo oubjocted to tho unitod front and thit ovorything cust :go. through the united front, If this policy was carried through, this would mosn that in Ching, ‘CHIANG Kaieshok would havo. d6énjnated ovyorythiny. WING forgot the nead to ἀἄονοῖξο» tho provrossive forcos and tho noed to develop our own - -gtrongth, If wo did oyorything through tho united front} wo
- MQURd givo up tha loadorship of the prolétarinat. |
πος Μη policy: causdd. great darage to our Party, Tho new. 4th arny wes unddéx NING’s dnfluonce and thoy carriod out his | oxvoxcous. lino. ΑΒ ἃ result, thoy wore trappdd ard destvoyad by —
‘CHIANG Kealeshok, . i
_ ‘Wa iso had oxanples of coctardanisn in the histery of our Party. In 1985, wo organized fed trado unions, Wo put. for _ “ward oxcegsive domands, We rofusdd to nogotiata and rofusod to work in the Kouninting organization, Sonotines wo would conduct strikes for alrost two nonths. Wo would bo satisfied in issuing dootlets., This resulted in many workers Jeaving ys. ΟἿΣ οὐ ποῦ. Azation was smashed, In one striko, 160 workers. lost thoir jobs.- This, infantiled Loftisn and resulted in tho woakonlny of tho Party. This Léfticn could vot sco the noeds and ‘the desires of tho madsos, I£ tho Party would havo pircuod a corroct policy at that tino instend of & Loftist policy, nnd would have placed dotinrids to resist wage. cuts, thoso local donands could hive boon - won and vould havo. onhanced tho prostige of tho Party, At that: - chin’ tho Leftists did not anpreciate tho political situation in
DB. :
ss δέρῃ invaded Northeast. Chine and Also atinckcd Sharg- hod in 1932, Tho national indugtrics wore suftforirg at tkat_ time. Becaucsd of tho Loftisn in the leadership of tho Comaunist Party in Shanchai at that time, the Patty organization was almost teéaliy dontroyod. Eut aftor wo adopted the correct Lino of MAO
. Pec-tung, duriny tho. 1937 inyasion of Shanghai, all kinds of organizations fiourished, Wo used various forms, including study circles, fratornal sociotics, otc., but wo τόνον said who lod theco salvation. societies, This royomont. conpollod CHIANG Kai~ shokts σοῦ to resist the Japanese for throo months. Thon CHIANG Kalechok withdrow hia arnios. Wo ordered the workers back to the factorios. Wo told thes te work, The Comumiats yore. actlyo πόσο the workors, but thoy word active arony thom morely as prozrdosivo youn? mon ~= not as Communists, Eyon in tho power
- plant, whore tho United Statos ruled and whoro tho salvation
ον 10 »
ἐ eo . op ι " - . . ΜΠ .-. * “-κ ad - μ ων 7 ἀπὸ * ' - -- ." - ν i ᾿ = . ᾿ “ td ‘o' : 0) t - τ - . - , f - Ι
orgonization was arohibltod, wo organised table tennis: groups
and otkey activitiog ‘aid mado contact with tho workera. Wo. found. ᾿
ὩΘῊΝ ways and Lorna to Hold tho political bannor of national salvation,
- . Byon afte Pearl Harbor and aftor the Japanose troops» tool over ali of Shanghai, including the power plant belonging ΕΣ "to tho United Statos, woctlll managed te lead tho workers in this. powor plant, Tho idoa was to transnlt docisions to the vetoran. ᾿ς workera., Theco wotoran workers pocano tho actiyo for tho Party | - ind 2 fow of thoco wore ovon educated In Marxzisn-Loninion. But _ tho Party organization ‘wis nivays 68.811, The Party carried on political cducation through propaganda. Wo bacod ourcolvos on:
MAO Tcso-tunrts thesis of protractod war, Wo. constantly " pointed to. tho inovitability of victory... |
Aftor tho Japanoco. war, thoro wird come organic gationnl
changes in the Communist Party of Ching, Tho Communist Party wad disorganized and this dicoreanization wis caused by the Lefticts.,. Ὁ
There woxo many cecrot agonte. in the Party, Thoy know whero - tho orgiiization wan: located and ovon where the headquartexs was
located, The Loft did not move away; oven thouth thoy woro aware - of this situation, Wo ostablishod a now forn of Party orgenizd=- -
tion. Va separated tho Party nonbership, Wo formed different kinds of organizations among tho workers, students, offico _ worl0ra, ote, Cur lending body rovor consisted of moro than ὁ throe to Zivo poople. We had ἃ londing working committee in oach indugtry. Tho decisive. industries recolved spécial attontion, | Host of tho tine, their coro was made up of vatoran Yorkors in tho particular andustry. Sonotizes wo sont in colonicors. Wo used Lauily conntetions to got poopie jobs, As you know, these
fanily vocioticos aro strong in China, Later, many of these poopie -
who bo¢ane evlonizers woro cvon Glectod to Joaderahi Ὅν but not’ as Comunists, If thoy word suspected of poing Communists, πὸ Would transfer thon, givo thom a now dinguicé, cond thon to, anothor industry or to the liborated arcds, We rovor had any written, docunonts in thia poried, Whatovor instructions. wore givon wore oral instructions. |
. ᾿ In concluding, CLANG Chon-touny oxplainod that durinz
tho iniderground poriod,. ‘dngtructions wore’ pacced by word, of mouth. Thore wad little contact botwoon individuals; howovor y ἃ monbor would oconaionally be sont into liborated areas under some disguisp , for instructions. Loaflots wore distributed in many instances | by poatal ciorks, Who wore also ronbors of the Coxnunist Party.
\ sexanetne gone δὲ a - as NO 5
᾿ Σ Memo yndum « _ UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
| ἦραν DIRECTOR, ἜΒΙ (100~428081) DATE: .12/8/59
ΟΥΝ ‘CHICAGO (234-46)(Sub 5)
| Samveel ©
ΝΑΙ, SECURITY - C
CG 5824=S*, on December. aay 1959, orally furnished to SA JOHN: Ἐς KEATING the information. on tke. following pages.’ This — réport. contains the remarks of PO I-po,. alternate member" of the. Political Bureau .of the. Communist Party of China and, Director of State Econony in China, to a meeting of delegates from other Con- munist Parties -who. were in Peking, China, for the 10th Anniversary celebration of ‘the founding of. the. People’ s Republic of Ching
στα Ren IR ΠΣ ΝΞ ἢ on Bureau: (REGISTERED) —- ἜΣ aa 1 = New York (100.184637 (solo) (REGISTERED) —> vee l= Chigago τ | ΝΞ f
JEK/kws (4). =.
ments. The situation is vory gaod and the prospects for the . future aro yory bright, Socialist construction is speddily
‘havo holp fron the Soviet Union and other socialist countrics.
at tho boginniny of last year thore was tension in thé use of _Zabor power, Thorefore, thore was a lot of waste. Last year,
(00 Kasei S78
REMARKS OF PO I-PO, ALTERNATE MEMBER OF THE - POLITICAL BUREAU ΟΣ THE COUMUNIST PARTY OF - CHINA AND DIRECTOR OF STATE. ECONOMY IN CHINA, TQ A MEETING OF DELEGATES ENO’ OTHER COMMUNIST PARTIES WHO WERE IN PSKING FOR THE 20TH ANNI~- ‘VERSARY CELEBRATION OF . THE FOUNDING OF TES PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC - OF CHINA .
‘One of [ποῦ nootiivs held in Pokinz, China, for dele- “7 gates. from othor Communist Parties who werd in Peking for the 10th Annivorsary colobration of tho founding of the People's Republic of China, was chairod by{LIU _Ning-yi, who io in charge hit, of tradé.unionsin.Ching, Tho neeting wag addresced . δ I=no Cited _ alternate rombar_of_ tha Political Bureau ἃ of tho Communist Party } |
"ΟΣ China and Director of State Economy. in China; $his néeting
wis. held during the weok” of"Séptenbor ‘27; 3 19597 in the old Hall ( . of tho People: ΠῚ Congress in Peking. . | - (For tho most part, those thrbo meetings word attended ‘by leadors of the delegations. However, tho head of a delegation fron. anothor Communist: Party. Could invite someono else. providod that this. person was a, leading romber of the Party. In any caso,
there wore no nore ‘than 75 poopie at any one of these meetings.
This figuro includes the. Chinese who. werd. in attendance,
“PO I=po. stated, Today wo Will spoak about industry and arriculture, fo will spoak on tho great leap forward in our : country, We will not give detdils for tho. past ‘ton years, but wo wlll spoak nainly about: thé last. two yoars.
During the past two yoars, there have boon great nchieve. Ὁ developing. Ag far back as tho end of thé χοῦ Flivo~Yoax Plan, Conrado MAO Tse-tung raisdd the question: Can. tho speod of development bo incressod? This noant, Could wo procood at. 2 groater speed than our big brother, tho USSR? -
Chink is δ΄ big country with a big. population, but we
The road of the great. leap forward Wan finally found in 1958, There were quite a fow problors in. the leap forward, For, instance;
-
. ΘΑΧῈΣ was formed ag 2 résult of nino to ‘ton yéars of york, Dur~ Ἀλῆ the poriod from, 1949 through 1952, economic roliabilitations.
“was sot out in threo Five-Year Plang. In 1953, ὑπό first Fivo~
19. nillion. people wore paitdedpating : in this canpaign, but there Was waste, The doploynent of ranpowor was not good, and the pathoring of the harvest was not dozé γοῦν well, orcoyor, shorte agen in pigs and powltry cnuséd tonsions because of the. lack of Supply of these non-staples; Howover; most, of these problems
havo boon solved and no lonjor exist:
Continuing, PO Ispo gtated; Tho inporialists and roace | tionaries used this opportunity to sproad lico within the ‘Conmmu= Mist Party of Chitia, Thocd word echood by tho fow Mightists in
-tho Party. Thoy showdd doubts about the gonoral Tind of the Con~
tral Comnittés 6f tho Cozzunist Party-of China; tho communes, and the groat loapa forward. Also, somo porsonal anbitions wore used to attack the gereral. Jing of the Party. Tho reason for tho short» Comings was a Lacks of onperionc; ; Kowovex, tho problem was not
vory ὩΣ Δ ΟΞ.
--
Tha 8th Contra’ Comnittde of tho Conmnidt pavty af Chink was. keld frou the end of July ta the bosinnine of August. The thono was. to defond thé. foneral lino of tho Party, Wao. SBunmed up the gororal. linc of tho Party as. follows! Going 413. ᾿ out, ainine hiphor, to get thexe faster, quicker, ccononically. To give play to the full. revolutionary ain of 650- niliion poopie. . To do it whith a highor ain means quickor and bottor ros sults, more y battor, faster, and nord ccononically, AS opposed, to "τόσον, - Slowor, and more exzponsive nothods,!
Continuinz, PO Iepo stated, The genoral tine of tho
‘wore necomplishtd. By 1952, the econony hail recovercd, Thon NAO Tso-tung -put Forward the gonoral line of the tranditional Peried. At that tind, tho task by which wo would realize tho Socialist transformation in agriculturd,. industry and. commerce ,
YGar Plan wag launched. At that tind, τὸ started to learn, fron tho USSR, how to industrialize our country. We learned fron our Soviet conradas and gave priority to heavy industry according to Plan and in proportion,
Sinco Ching is ἃ big country, Comrade HAO Tso~tunc, evon at this ‘tine, bogan to conzidor how to harmonize industry tnd agricultura, As. waa stated prévioisly, the first Five-Year Plan was launched in 1953, A lot of attontion was paid to the Socialist transformation of agriculture during the: poriod. fron 2954 throtigh 1956, In 1955, 40 points wore put forward for the
» Dw
fo > ©
dovolopont ¢ or agrieiituro, During _thia process, we τοῦ Bone sepistancs even within tho Party. Sono were skoptical. We.
. eviticizad. the Right opportunints, wig oppoced transformation in agriculture, hon ‘the 40-point procran wad put forward, Comrado. HAO Tod=tung cave attontion 16: proportions, with. onphhsis on — koavy dndugtry: and agriculture ginultancously, —
: | Pho groat leony forward in industry and arriculturd- caro _ mo, in 1956, -Cortain peoplo. wore undonseclously opposed to thig.Jenp, — -. τ HO exullod this "sontimont azainst recklops advances". Aftor the ~ |
Btruggla agdinst tho Rightists on the political δρᾶ adeological : " front in 1957, Wo bogan criticizing those who wore aratnst. the “yockloss advances' Dig advances wore mado in 195 At. tho.
| Second cocgsion of tho. Sth Congress; tho. progran of ‘the isap for«.
ποις ward wag formed, This gotoral lino was exomplified in fivo
ΝΣ ‘sinultancous dovolopients: (1) Priority to heavy industry; (2)
oo Sinultanedus developaonts in indystry and in ggriquiture; (3y —.
τ τὸ. Andustry- managed by contral wuthority; (4). Industry managed by :
τ ἀν Joon authority} and (5) Production: by mocorn nethods and ‘also
_ by Indiconons rothodd,.
Those Howcalléd Livs. sirtultancous πδίμόδο onsblod us to: nobtitze Enbsos for tho: lino. of tho Party. If wo only strossod tho. priority 02 noaustry,; wo. coulda only novilizo workers: - Ν
᾿Βονονοῦ, with Ἢ sinaltancous development in. dndustry and. agricul~ :
‘turd, 350: 11: ὁ ἢ, peasants Wor: hobllized..-
esto
. in χορ. to the diande Party ὌΝ wo , ptated. αὐ tho: béohinn mooting that. xe could sde three kinds 6f people in tho — strucgic: (1) herd wore A fow who favored ἃ rentoration of the .
_ khourgeoisio; (2) Thd.recoad group, xlso pmall, thought thot the -Yovolution was almost at an ond. (Thesd. are bourg oois: royolution~ - ists and "follow travellors"; and (3) The thid group onkes up 00% of the ponbership, Thoy want to carry throucth to a. successe Ὁ " ful Gonelision not ‘only thé donotkatic. ravolution; but. dino the . gétintist ‘revolution, This Jagt lino was victorious, Ὁ
-- "Ye dofond tke genoval line, protect tho revolution, and. - " - guarantes the great leap forward. Tho Plemin at Loghen called on:
᾿ - = 5 - τ [ “1 - - , “s +
--
- , Tae ar πον τ . . ἢ »Ὥἦ = τοῦ - ᾿ ° “ ΓΝ ᾿ τ * ‘ ” . - - . - r= ΓῚ . =! 4 - ' ' - . ‘ - ‘ ¥ 1 * -ν . "» -- . -
tho-nation to fight the Rightists, mako αἱ gront leap forward, and insure the surgo forward. "
Thoro was ἃ godd xespoasd by the mascod and Ὁ resulting | upsurge in production, In Kay, Jpho, and July, thore hnd boon a kind of atagnatioa in production, This was dua to certain “eowadjustnents", somo changes, in plans, aud a "pouring on of cold water" by tho Rightists, Tho torm "re-adjustmonts"” noods. — to bo oxplained, Wo lacked exporioxce in the "leap forward", So=otines #4 sot foald in Industry and in agriculture waich are. ἃ bit toa high, τ
" «Duo to ὑχροδάϊυσέποηναν in stool productiod.in May dnd Jute, Lt was decided that the coat. for 1959 should bo 12 nilison
=
. τόθ instond of 18 million toss, This figuro doos not include “Stool producod hy. indigenous notheds. Aftor tho May; June; and
July staknation waa. oyor, stool production wad incronsod 14%. ovor tha previous month in August, Soptenbor was ovon bottoxr, with ὦ 20%. or 25% Ancroased ovox Aizust, For exanplo, tho avorago daily output of ntcol dn July wis 31,500 tong. In August, tho avorage daily output vod 35,000 tong, It ig ostinatod that in Septomber, tho. daily nyoraca outyit was 44,000 tons, The dadly avoraze otite
put of pig iron wag as. follows: July, 50,000 toisi Aucust,
85,000 tons; optonbor, catiratdd 63,000 tons,
' ss WAthout going into détails, it.can bo said that the. porcontard. of incxroaso in the: output ef dlectricity and coal wed roughly the sand aq that for steel for thd past. two months. ᾿
In tho: 2iold of aordeulture , thore ig a big leap for~ ward, Despite natural calamitios, it ig dptixated thoro will be an. increase of 10% in 1959 ovor the figurés for 1958. in rogard to. tho. situation in the market, thorea is on inproyed, anplo supply.
4 ry
and resorve. of comoditios,
Conéorning thé poople's con=unes, 99%. of tho poagant,
‘populdtion supports the people’s comminos and state that they cannot. bo disbursed oven by storm. LAO Tso-tuny offen says that _
C50 million, poople fro anxiows to change the gtago of poyorty, The gonoral. lino in correct and has alroady brought about grodt
Bio first quostion wo arguéd ovor with tho Right oppor- tunists was that of spood. Tho Right opportunists aro against. nass novencats in industrial production, espociaily 4n iron and
- * - we Awe ; ᾿ : ἢ - 4 -
.Steol, The Rightists clain that speed moans: great oxpense and
Atttia gain, Tho Right spportunists concontratod their attacks
on thobo points, Tho rosult of this struzglo was ἃ. defoat of -
tke Right opportunists: In the firdt ono-half of this νοῦν; the ᾿ total output valus of industry increased by 05%; ο-
4 5
Thon 60. I=po siatod, A word of oxplanation skould bo
givon on tho moaning of “virdifiention", Last yoar we sadd that ᾿
grain production would bo 750,000 millidn cattios, and that cotton productioxg vould bé 63 niliion tan, Thoso figuroa wore 4006 high,
Wo: used ‘spot-chock rothods. and thig was bad, The haryosting was - .
aise bad. Thid was tho roasoh for the discrdépancy ἀπ tho. figuros κυνὶ for actual output, ‘Tho yoriziod figured show that Iast your 500 (1958) ‘tks production of grain gathoréd was 500,000: miliion
cattiog (250 million tons), an intrease of 35% over tho production for 1957, Tho actual snount of cotton pathered was 42 million tan (2.21 million tong), dn incréase, of 20% ovor that of 1957, |
this was obylowsly αὶ great lean forward. This id 6 hink spcod increfise and id uninaginablé in capitalist countries. This yoar’s targot fox steol ig: 12 million fond, ‘This doos not. include 001,
_ produced by indigonaus mothods, 115. 8 an incrdaso af four nile ition tons over Jnast yoar or an irxcroase of 50%. This cannot bo
déno in cipitalint countrios, In tho United Statos, Groat
_ “Britdin; Germhny, and Japan, it ποῦ τα take four years to. increase Ν production ‘by. this. per'centaco. oe Warr ΑΜ τ εὖ
So, it io still x great loap fore
“νι Thon PO I-po asked;, How was thé great leap possible? | Ho ropliocd, First thove is tho Party's goneral Jina: of fivo = sinultanscoud dovolopaonts. Cocond is tho launciiing of masa. riovo~ monts in nx big way, It is fodsible to Ieunch mans, rovorsnts not only in yvevolutiois, Init δῖρο in construction. In order to Launch mags noyenmonts in ἃ big way, we haya to begin in ‘the factories.
_ Ve have to involve the peasantry and all laboring people. For -Qxanplo, in rotallurgy wa set up small blast. furnaces by’ macs
movenonts, Tho Right opportinints: said that tho rédult of those Worg mord loss then gain. Thoy could not sco that these blast furnacos will bé turnings out ton milifon tons thin yous, and that
. an years: to cone 55 vilion tong of tron will be producod in 6.511. .~biagt furnaces. To roplece theco orall blast furnaces with big.
furnacos would take threo. to five yoais ond would be moro oxzpon«
_Bivo. 86 yo. aro achioving quickor and nore océnosic results.
‘Thon PO-I~po stated, that 4a the initial stags, the
smell ‘bidst furnaces woro not sufficiently productivs, tke coats
‘wore high, thord was moro coal used, otc, Howevor, thia was duo to a lack of oxpdériercd, In tho last few months, the situation
δ. φῶ,
‘a
ῷ
hos, chansod for tho better, The Right, opportunists do not. undor~-
Btand that in ail things there is ἃ process of deyolopmont. ‘New things have shortcomings, but can bo oyordono. All are bding OVOTCOm,. :
a When the Right opportunists saw cortain tensions. in
tho markot, thoy talked of disruption, Yet, the statistics show dnereases, no disproportions,; and hettor harmony, Hovovdr, by. “Way ‘Of oxplanation, at ond point ‘thore was 2 strain in sono donand: fox commoditios, This wis ἀπὸ to ἃ bigror demand by tho people
pnd -was not duo to caallor productioa.
ΝΞ Thovo ord disproportiors koro and. thére, but thoy αὐ Scattored and ard not duo to tho leap. Théore aro somé woalk Jinks in. hoavy industry, oi2,; and rubber. Thoso wilZ not bo solvod for ‘sevoral yoars; but thord was growth laat year. For exampley Ο11 production increased 50%. There. was also a short supply of”
ndat ond yogotablod Last yoar., Tho Inbor power for the produc tion of these itorcs was not well. organized and tho peasants also ate bottor. Thd pork and poultry supply is: changing for tho bottor, but it will take time, Vorxetables aro no lonzox a problen,
| PO I«po stated that thora was: another point of contest, — fhe Hightists said that wo did not follow Ὁ. plan of proportions, | They said that bocnuse wo aro, too Spocdy, thoro ara dispropor~ — tions,. Tho specd of our ddovelopzont cannot bo decided by the - ‘things which wo produce in snkliost quantitios, such 59 oil. - Wo: should base. ourdolves on those things vo can devolop faster. Va. may hayo to import.somo things,. This has aige boon ἃ point oF = controyorsy with the Right. ; : . .
" This so-calied “disproportion is actually a tomporary Problerr, © Tha Right oppoktunists. said that the. poople's comunos wore Set up toe carly and wore badly γαῖ, Yet, tho. masses. sot up the communes, Tho Party gives losdership to the conmines., Tho communes ard. conpesed 70% of peoplo whdé wore originally poor peasants. Thoy activoly support the comzunes. In tho rural arcag, only 10% of tha population conuprises tho landlord cians or the rich poasant class, ‘and thoy havo no right to. spoak up. Ths most inportant point is that of the 20% of tho rural popula- tion compriping the middl¢ peasiints, somo support while othors oppese the coimmes, The problen is how to unite; through exiticisn and oducatioh, thosa middle poasants wko misundoratand or oppose the communes dnd thosé niddis ponsants: who Support tho communes.
7 Hoxt, PO I-po. stated thet in tho initial stage the doyolopnont of the commnds was vory fast. We lackod experionce.
1 : Ὁ“ ἢ =
4
Thore wag too. much waste, oqualitarianiss, otc. Comrade’ NAO Tsc= tung studied ths commmes in pordon and these problems aro now solved, Now thoro. is at various mhnaroront lovels a busindss accounting and 2 monsuring of how much work is dono co that Pcople aro paid by the amount of work dono, Thero is ἃ threo- iovel ownorship. That is, ownership by the production brigadc,. ownership by the comuune, and partial cynorahip by all of the | poople, The Richtists say-that this ip retrozression as compared
- to the agricultural -co-oporatives, Thoy do not -undorstand and
aro grossly Wrong. Ownership by the ‘communes is partial, but-bag a Brot Ταδατο, ‘Tho people's commines aro marching forward con= SOLLdated. ᾿
τος Thon PO I-po stated, Thore aro slanders abroad that tho — communes are "Lorced Inbor",. Could wo conpol hundyods of millions © to work at forcod inbor? - Could wo force a. 20% incroaze in. pro~ | duction? The Right opportunists who are..opposed to: the gonoral, ind call the Jeadorship of tho Communist Party of Chinn, potty. bourgeois fanatics; fond of those Rightists, Joined tho rovolu< tion during tho. bouxgooia dondcratic revoliition. Thoy are still not. proletarian rovoinutionarios. What distinguishes tho bourgeois royolutionaries fron prolotarian revolutionaries is tho attitude toward tho mantod. That is, how to actively load tho rasgces ingtead of waiting and moroly pointing fingers. Tho bourgoois . royolutionists: would favor only thoge mass noyondnta “thay. covid control and thoy would limit these sovyononts. Wo know that 25. thera aro no enthusiastic masg royononts, thon wo could not build at-a high speed. - ᾿ ᾿ ᾿
In conclusion, PO I-po stated, We belicve wo can dofeat ὁ Capitalion find can successfully build docislisn. it. doponds on the creativeness and tho driyo of tho masses. When production doyolops, wo will have tho basis for oven greater devalopnont of production and matorial dovyolopzont.,. Yo bavé giyon overythins to you without 8 whito-wash, J¢ dia botwoon ourselyed; co δῦ ‘us talk things ovor fron the heart, |
—_—_—————_—_———— - . — gs -- aA . . - ae. * . ” . ᾿ - . 7 - - ™ ‘ . Po ᾿- . , .-«ὦ- Ὅ. 2. : be . -
December 23, 1959 f Airtel af}
| Tot SAC, New York (100-134637) (415)
Feo: piroatee Zeer (100-426091) .- 4,
Re: SOLO; IS +C | ‘Re New York airtel of 12-11-59, requesting:
ἫΝ 1, That ἃ New York Driverts License furnished by the ek} Now-York Office be stamped in two places with a serial numbor, a data in October, 1959, and the Seal of the State of New York, |
2, . That a certificate of birth for Jack Childs, Cook — County, Chicago, Illinois, be altered to reflact the name Jack Brooks. |
--
Namo of father ~~ Joseph Brooks Birthplace of father -- Philadelphia Signature of father -- Joseph Brooks
3. That an affidavit attached to the certificate of birth be changed to raflect the name of Jack Brooks — and name of father as Joséph Brooks, in printed and “signature forms
The items dascribed above, including the two fictitious Now York State Driver's Licenses, original Now York State Driver's License, oxiginal photocopy of- birth certificate, original photo- copy of affidavit, and alterad photocopy of affidavit are attached, Also attached is altéred photocopy of birth certificate. |
Enclosures (7)
Up Decker - Room 1243 “(sent direct) }
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FBI Date: 12/11/59
Transmit the following in —
. (Type in plain text oF code) Vig... - AIRTEL. RECIS | | | _ oT 7 ᾿ ᾿ ᾿ | (Priority ot Method of Mailing)
| TO : DIRECTOR, FBI (100-428091) .
| 2 ROM 3 SAC, NEW YORK (100- 134637) (415)
ana
- - Cae ἢ ‘Sp ser! SOLO > .
Re Chicago. airtel ‘November 21, 1959, setting forth information from. cG 5824-S* in regard to 8 possible contact between: a representative.of the CP,USA eee YI-MIN,_ representative. of the, CP ‘of, = China, on, the. lorid Marxist | Review" at- Prague, ‘Gzechoslovakia. δῷ SAE
πολ nin argihetes ἀπὸρα δον τας οι τοχά TEE
CG 5824-S* has advised: that EUGENE DENNIS did not consent that the CP,USA should send a representative to obtain © . funds from the CP’ of China, DENNIS ‘remained silent when this | information was. presented: to him.. It is also noted that curréntly . _ DENNIS. is in bed With .a heatt condition. If -CG 5824-S* cannot xrediscuss this matter with DENNIS, he: will ask the consent of GUS HALL to ‘send’ NY 694-S* to Prague to make contact, with CHAO YI~MIN. Whether or not the leadership of the CP,USA grants “this: permission, CG 5824-S* is of the opinion that NY 694-5
Should be prepared to. make the trip He 2 oq - Lz ng 2, 7
τὸ will be recalled. that while in Moscow and Prague, CG 5824-s* indicated that a representative o£ the CP,USA might make a trip to Prague and would deliver documents from the 17th National Convention of the CP,USA to the CP of Czechoslovakia, “ the CP,SU and the CP of China, CG 5824-S* belteves athat ΝΥ ἐ 694-S*
re DAE
23
WF,
UUs
“2 εδουχὼ a,
fee ~ Kar, S243 , : a3 - Bureau (100-428091) (Encl. 4) (RM) , 1. - Chicago (134-46-Sub, B) (AMRM) i 1. - ΝΥ 100-134637 (415) en KY ἀμώτα “9, | gue :ACBimsb (419 lL. | πο comme ae if
crane
Approved: — “9}Πὃθ9Ξ ΛΞΠὍ'᾽᾽ ᾽ -. Sent Per
Bitte Se ΙΝ Agent in Charge
N¥ 100-134637 |
᾿ς ‘should ‘be prepared to do this’before too long a time has
elapsed after the conclusion of the 17th National Convention, which is now in session, CG 5824- S* also told the International Liaison Department of- the CP of ‘China that if a representative of the CP,USA makes. a trip to Prague, it would probably be
| ‘sometime between Christmas and New Years.
CG 5824-S* feels that ΣῈ NY 694-S* can make this trip, . it will establish. a courier system between the CP,USA .and the. ΟΡ 98 China, and therefore the Bureau would have control over ‘this coiiriér system. Further, it may establish a, courier ‘system. betweén the CP,USA and the CP of Czechoslovakia, since the Czechos Lovakians will bé anxious to change, contacts with the CP,USA ds .a result of the récent défention in. the CzechosTovakian Diplomatié Corps in the, U. Ss Thus. the Bureau would have control over a courier system between CP,USA and the CP of Czéchoslovakia.
‘CG 5824-s* is also of the opinion that if NY 694-S* géts as far
\Ajas Pi agiie with documents from the 17th National :Convention of
the CP USA, that arrangements can be made for him: to actually
| deliver these. documents | in Moscow:
. - 6G 5824+S* believes that NY 694-S% should not make such
a trip in his own name for the following reasons:
1). The fact: that several in the leadership. of the
CP,USA, in particular PHIL BART, know that NY 694-S* was involved
in "the past with the U. ὃ. State Department in tegard to passport irregularities. ‘Thus the ‘Leadership of the CP,USA might become - suspicious if NY 694-s* obtained: a passport in. his own name without any difficulties or publicity.
2) tf this trip should: establish a courier syste between CP.,USA and thé CP of China;. CP, USA and the CP of Czechéslovakia, and possibly the CP, USA and the CP,SU, all Parties. inyolved would feel, better arid more seciire if NY 694-S% was. not using Kis. own name in 4n apparatus, since he is-well known to intelligence agencies: for past Party activities.
NY 100-134637 -_
~
- 3) 411 Communist Parties involved might féel that sincé CG 5824- S* used his own name for’ the Last two. Solo trips, that; the curiosity of Antelligence agencies in the United States and Western Europe. might be aroused if NY 694- S* made a trip.to Eurdépe and used his own namé.
Thus, if ΝΥ 694-5%* is to make such.a trip, time is of the essence and a new identity. will have to be created for hin and. he will need the following items :
1) For identification purposéé, a current New York
State Operator's License. ‘There are énclosed therewith to the ‘Bureatt, two applications made out. in the ° ‘name of JACK BROOKS, the. identity NY 694-S* will assume. ere is 4130. enclosed . a current Operator's License .of SA of τς the New York Division. It 18 suggested that the FBI Laboratory _ bé asked to duplicate on, one: application, a serial. number , a
date in October, 1959, and the seal. of ‘New York, State in the~
phte Ἐπ
It is noted that the - wording “along. the. ‘Side the seal of the State +. of New York. is "Issued by the N. Ys Staté Bureau of’ Motor Vehicles. "
2) For a passport application,, a birth’ certificate for ‘JACK: BROOKS., There is. enclosed. heréwith a certificate of birth fot JACK CHILDS, which NY 694-S*. "planted" in the Cook County Bureau of Vital Statistics, Chicago, Tilinois, several years ‘AZO. | 10 is suggested: that the FBL Laboratoryebe asked to duplicate the certificate of birth with the Ep}lowin, .changeés: |
ἊΝ v4,
Ltem 1) Ful namie of. child: .JACK BROOK Item 9) Full name of father: JOSEPH BROOKS |. Ttem 13) Birthplace of Father: . Philadelphia
Item 29) Signature of father: JOSEPH BROOKS..
- 3
Stall
NY 100+134637
-
On the affidavit attached to the certificate of birth, the printed namé of the child should be chianged to JACK BROOKS in three places. The printed: nae of the father phould δε. changed to JOSEPH BROOKS and fhe signature of the father should be changed to JOSEPH BROOKS.
Bureau authority is requésted for the following: - 1) To use the residence address off 17. [| 84 Lipton Lane, Williston Park, Long Island, New York City, as the residence address for JACK BROOKS . ‘The Bo passport can ‘be sént to this address and.the New York Division will Start to mail ἀμπίην. Jetters to this address so aS not to Of
| rendéred. assistance to the Bureau previously be willing to have mail delivered to his address for JACK BROOKS. and: this. mai: be turned:.over to SA would not be given any information: concerning, the purpose for this arrangemetit, nor the,txrue CK BROOKS, ΤῈ any questions wete asked ὁ , he would say that JACK BROOKS is a relative who is a, travelling salesman and that he will be working in the New York area for Several weeks and will get his mail at this address. I£ ariy questions are asked of NY 694-S* by any Communist, he will say | that he rented a root through an advertisement in a suburban a " newspaper in order to. establish a new identity.
| 2) | “To establish a bank account in the Chémical Bark - | New. York Main Branch, 30 Broad Street, New York city. previously mentioned, is. an Assistant - Vice. President in. this bank. He can personally open such an account. ‘This bank has tendered assistance to the Bureau pre- viously. NY 694-S* would use $3,000.00 from ‘Solo funds in his possession mérely to open guch an account,
Once this account is established, ‘NY -694-S* would use this bank as a reference to obtain a couple of credit cards ‘to
“- ὦ -
a
| NY 100~7'34637 |
- “π' Καὶ " a -
™
ay
"further "légitimatize’ the, new identity. Since, it 18 normal procedure for banks to run 4 credj Ἐκ, Bureau authority .
is requested to permit to: tell the ‘responsible bank official merely that the FBI has. δῇ: interest in this. “account and that any requests in xégard to: this account should: ᾿ be anéwered to the effect that BROOKS has an account vat the - bank, and. that his. erédit rating.is g60d; . = -
3) It is believed: that if NY 69h-S% ἢ tas a Néw* York. " Betver’ 5. License for identification when he applies for a passport, that he will not néed a witness. for Gdentification. However ,. “in the event, that he does need a witness; Bureau authority “Ls requested to use an agent of the New York Office, preferably a native of New York City, who would: give his. correct
"name and address, ‘but ; Would indiéate ‘emp L6yment: other than .as an. FBI agent. |
ΤῈ Buréair authority ‘is granted to proceed aloné the
Lines indicatéd above; the Bureau. would bé notified as. sodas — NY 894~ 51. inakes application for a, passport in. ‘New York, city? 7 ς
4 t
΄ - ᾿ “eon ‘ - - - - - - - - - τας , Ὁ ‘ . a * - =, “ . . ᾿ . εὖ 4 a . τ: ὦ - 8 fccna μο. δὲ . ; ~ . ι ts
7 Océ Memorandum - ‘UNITED STATES GOVERN
TO a DIRECTOR, FBI (100=428091) © : DATE: 42/3/89"
om ἢ Atac, CHICAGO” (134246) (Sub.1 B)
5 {5 sunject: { song ᾿ ΕΣ : RNAL ‘SECURITY. = C
Ce '5824-S*, on Noveinber 29, 1959, made: available. to - “SA JOHN E. KEATING the following’ items, all of ‘which ‘were’ printed « in. the English language in China:
- (1) ἰλλέβοδίαι anniversary presentation copy of τι ΝΕ the’ Nperiad Review'', This item: contains issues. ’No._ 35: «
a ος ον
τς δὰ T,_.1959, ~thngugh Oct etober ὃ ober _€ br
eee
. (2) “A pamp hlet entitled, μον Key
. ᾿ ise. of the Chinese ΝΣ "People s Communes", Listing ANNA LOUISE ZS? NG-as "the "7 | . L “au hor a eR na ES τῇ . oe + a | | win - Kate Yr dod ᾿ “el.
(3) ἃ orsepage, “paper-bound booklet-entitléd, ; concerning "ἢ the Question ‘of Tibet”. issued by ὑμό- “Foreign a
Languages Press, Peking, 19595
(4) A Rookle et ontitied 4Fibotan Interviews", and nd Listing ANNA LOUISE UISE STRONG as the author, ° TT erymanerenntt tem i
4 baits A book from ‘the China Knowledgé Series, by WANG-Chunsheng., δὰ and -entitled, ‘afSimple Geography_of ‘Chinats”
. ᾿ (6) booklet containing 8 report by CHOU ‘En-1ad
ες ar on, Adjusting the Major Targets, of, the
1959 National “Economic, c Plan, and _Further Developiiig the, a ec Sanpaign, ἡ, for, Increasing, Production, and,Practicing Economy", ἡ
τ (7) ἃ. booklet containing: information on they, ἢ... Plenary, session Ἐς ΟΣ the, SthContra} Committee of thé Cor “‘tihist Party of China.” Wie ΝΣ Neen Το ονν δ ο RT TW Tr ww ὍΝ
; - -ψὸϊς νῦξ «Ἐν ον pt? ως, BECUE - 2) Bureau, (REGISTERED) ite aa
A Ye fetal oS 7A, | ᾿ ΕΣ ΕΣ myo « Ὁ ᾿ = =o
CG 134-46 (Sub B)
(8) A “booklet containing information on these Plénary sessionof the 8th Central Committee of thé" Con= munist Party of” China.“ αν te πως
The Bureau is requested to advise if it has an interest
‘in any of the items listed above, If not, they will be returned
to CG 5824-S*, .
- . nese ππππππδδδδαααδαδδπαν αν L—=$=—_——_—_—"S—_—lO—_ RR — ee μον eo τι _ . ~. .. rw = = at - Η ν : “= id - = 4 2 -
STANDARD FORM NO. δ Fy —
ow -
τῶν νι πα ων - " x — ΕἸ “ ον ' ra » ™, - ᾿ “κα ’ ae
λέ enn Midum UNITED STATES: ‘GOVERNMENT
7 : 7 DIRECTOR; FBI (100-428091) === Dat 12/18/59. , Ce | ΝΕ ( t » ‘CHICAGO: (134-46) (Sub B) ΝΕ ΗΕ ον TERNAL SECURITY - 6. ἊΝ ᾿ - f~ ca 5824-S*, on December 15, 1959, orally furnished to.
SA. JOHN E, KEATING the: information on. the following page. This . report pertains primarily to ihessages received from and given to. , ELIZABETH MASCOLO; -
2 ἜΝ (REGISTERED) | sy + ~ New York. (100-184637) (8010) (REGISTERED) οι τς 7 l- - Chicago | a JEK/eWS 69ΟὍϑΘιηοη᾽ τ. (4) ΕΞ
#
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as . 7 FD ¢y ΕΗ ΩΝ
| boy _ ΜΝ 6 at τ ΠΟΥ
| τὰ ΩΝ "
fw
τὰ,
_ BEOGAGES GIVEN 7 ZA SACCOLD FOR a at AOE. DELIVERY ΤῸ TEE coulintt PARTY OF
SOVIET UNION AND THE.CO-LUNIST PARTY OF σ΄.
CZECLOSLOVARIA _ | er
howover, thoes pko did. not know athe arount gtill to bo qranopertod from Cannda to tho United Statos. MORRIS CHILDS gavo to MASCOLO for delivory te the Commmint Partics of the Sovict Union and Czechoslovakin, through the Communist Party of Canada, the idontities of the now national officors and tho Socrotariat of tho Communist Party «USA, CHILDS also gayo WASCOLO ἃ partial list of tko monbors of the now National Committce of tho Communist Party — USA for dolivery to tho Communist Partiog of the Soviet Union and Czochoolovatin,
CHILDS also gava ἃ mosanize to MACCOLO fox acliyory to tho Communist Partiog of tha Soviot Union and Czochoslovakis toward tho first part. of 1000 it ray be posible for JA to travel to Prague Czochocloyaiias te =
441} eh . ΝΣ ιν Ono monoage waa that toward tho οπὰ οὐ 1960, - | -AWILLIAU and REON pian to take a trip to Czechoslovakia, This roosago wnasyeatod that PATTERSOT is not a spokosnad σὸν ΕΘ us
‘Comnuniot Party = USA and ig only to officially diocusa with tke | Communist Party of Czechoslovakia possible yislts to. σποσποσϊόνοι λα. - by Nogrees in the Unitod statog.
feo S62 4/. S73
~ 15 ENCLOSUR!
= ---Ἔ re $< .
τ᾿
STANCARD FORM NO. 64 | / Office Mernor'eadumly! υκῖτεῦ men GOVERNMENT v “{ 175 : Ur. Ae RH. Belmont wl ° 4 DATE: 22-23-59
( FROM ; Ur. F. Ae Prohbos ᾿ ᾿ | OeLoach —___
Parsons —_—. Rosen
SUBJECT: oro) ΝΞ Ξ du} Tolle; = ‘NEVPERNAL SECURITY = ¢ ae 0 ὼ WiC. Sullivan —
Tele. Room —_.
‘ Hollosan
On December 21, 1959; Mr. James Pe. HeDonnell of State [paging referred to our top secret letter of December 11, 1959, enclosing a photographic copy of a book tn Chinese language obtained by our informant in Communist. China. McDonnell pointed out according to the letter the book enclosed is also, to δὲ considered classifted tup—secret. McDonnell said that State ‘realizes that the reason for the classifi= cation ts undoubtedly the need to’ protect the source. However, State wondered whether tt woult be posstible to have the classification of the book downgraded as far as possible when detached from the letter. In this regard McDonnell said that tt appears to State that this book 48 published in Communist China by a government office similar to our government printing office, and that the ertstence of the book 8 therefore public knowledge.
in discussing this with McDonnell, the Liatson representative pointed out that while State's observation about this book being public knowledge may be correct the fact remains that netther State, nor the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) has obtained copies of this—— ‘ " same book from any other source. It was further pointed out to +1 . McDonnell that in view of this circumstance we do not feel that the x .* G@lassiftcation can be reduced until such time as we have assurance νι that the book has been obtained from other sources avatlable to State
“> on CLA. MeDonnell requested that wé give further consideration to he _ . Classt fication of the book inasmuch as it would greatly. facilita
State's handling of it if it could be downgraded at least one step.
This matter has been discussed with the Internal Security Secotton, and tt is felt that we must continue to protect our valuable informant in this instance until such time that we have assurance that the book is in fact publicly available. It is noted that our informant received his copy of the book from an official of the Chinese Communist Government, and the informant and heads of various other communtst delegations visiting in China are the only ones Known to have recetved ite
JUFsbas pag, (4) | A. “24 fh Pra ete yyy uso, (δῦ, - $7 Y
1 ~ Liaison git’ 40 DEG 291955 "ἢ BB YAN 1960 =,
&
NY
‘ «. "- : JF 6 Q
Hemorandum Frohbose to Belmont Res ΒΌΡΟ ως INTERNAL. SECURITY -C
RECOMMENDATION: ες τος ς -_ ᾿ ἊΝ 2. ὁ" That we retterate to State via Liaison that while we - appreciate their handling of this book would be facilitated by downgrading, its classification, we will not.downgrade it until we have recetved assurance that tt ts in fact publicly auatiable.
-~ . ft . χ᾽ ῃ
᾿ FBI
Date: 12/18/59
Transmit the following in PLAIN TEXT ΄ Type in plain text or code
Via ALRIEL RM Priorivy or Method of Marling)
¥hy ΤῸ: DIRECTOR, FBI (100-364447) Ys. Ib 7 FROM: SAC, NEW YORK (100~-96778) : Ν SUBJECT: VIRGINIUS FRANK COE Νὴ 15-Ὲ x» NK | NF | # - Bureau (100-36 Ay (1-~100- SiS} τῆν ΚΑ ΡΟ) Ν Ἱ 1-100.- ΝῚ -100--: 3°33) ° Ores ENTERNATLONAL RELATIONS) (INFO) δ | ¥2100- Pagoon SOLQ/ (INFO) | 1 - Chicago (134-46 Sub _B) (S00) (INFO) (RM) a 1 - Newark (100-19491) [7 (INFO) (RM) 1 ~ NY,134-91 (I Ξ 1 - NY 100-85051 eee (33) 1 -- NY 100- "6638 C—O) Ξ } - NY 100-54190 1 - NY 65- 15257 {SOLOMON ADLER) (33) | τ τ ay 1θο-Ἴοθ86. ἔνου σεντηην, BUBLESHERS) (415) A | = 1 - NY [00-86622 ¥FCPUSA - INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS) (415) L ~ NY 100-134637 (SOLO) (415) 1 - NY 100- (10 CONTINENT COMMODITY CORPORATION) (33) 1 - NY 100-96778 (33) ACB: mm1L
(20) : pote 6} -
“Am ΙΩΒ Ὁ) Ok”)
"EQ “eH Approved: Sent | _M Per
(Spécial Agent In Charge)
Zé. 2, 4 OG 5OFEB 3 GI
mo . . oe
NY 100-96778
Utmost caution must be exercised with respect to dissemination of information herein LnasmuGis ‘as Said information, by its nature, tends to identity ἢ ΝΥ Ὁ, ἜΟΓΞΒ, 1:5, 8 a
valuable Vaiuable informant, as the source thereof as the source thereof
It should be noted that the following concerns “The Two Continent Commodity Corporation" and the so-called "China Trade Operation", information concerning which has been reported under the caption of instant case.
On 12/17/59, NY 694-S advised SA hat he conferred on 12/16/59, wi brother of VIRGINIUS FRANK COE, rished
the following information:
He (COE) had just retur;ed from | Montreal, where he had conferred with "JACK from London", (not otherwise identified). "JACK" mentioned that SOLOMON ADLER was now in India (SOLOMON ADLER had represented the China Trade Operation in London). "JACK" told COE that orders from China were to the effect that "The Two Continent Commodity Corporation" shou be reorganized and placed under the direct control of the CPUSA. "JACK" further stated that COE would receive these same instructions in the USA from an individual whom he declined to identify fully, stating that this person could be identified through EUGENE DENNIS. {For the information of the Bureau and | Chicago, "JACK" mentioned the first name of an individual identified with the "SOLO; IS-C" case, and NY 694-S is certain ~ that "JACK" had referred to this person.)
“JACK” told COE that the New York and London offices of the "China Trade Operation" are doing "a useful job", and
that after the reorganization of "The Two Continent Commodity
Corporation" preparations for expansion should be made. COE was also told by "JACK" that he "need not worry about business nor about the 'New Century! people's complaints. '
Is 3
--
ι
NY 100-96778
JACK further told COE that instead of naving a board of directors as it has now, the reorganizes company should operate through "a corps of competent peop.e".
He also saidthat in the event the company should need help or advice, he would be willing to go from London to Canada to confer there with COE or the latter's emissary.
COE told NY 694-8 that he agreed. with "JACK" that "The Two Continent Comnodity Corporation" should be reorganized and controlled directly by the CPUSA. He said that PAT TOOHEY (chairman of the New Jersey CP} would be the CPUSA representative who would operate the reorganized company.
COE further mentioned that | et attorney who 18 active in the operation of "The Two Continent
Commodity Corporation", was currently conferring with "JACK" in Montreal.
According to COE; three people are now employed as part time workers at the company's New ce, He mentioned them as "Black" (believed to be Bufile 100-306701), "a girl", and “a shipping clerk’.
It should be noted that there must be no dissemination of information herein rererring to the tact that COE'S oo τς dustructions from “SACK” are to be rturnisned to him again by
an individual in the USA (mentioned herein as identified with the case entitle SOLO; LS-G"). Po do so would be to. jeopardize:
ἰ
an
"e ~ be . . , - " * ay 2 ᾿ d
ly Office Memorandum + onvrep states GOVERNMENT
STANDARD FORM NO. 64
(7 : DIRECTOR, FBI (100~428091) DATE: 12/21/59 Yom: - SAC, NEW YORK (100=134637 Sub A) (415) fe Gi SUBJECT: SO Is“- ¢
ReNYlet, 11/20/59, furmishing an accounting ef "SOLO3 Is-C" furids in the possession of NY 694-s*,
On 12/21/59, NY 694~S* advised that from funds for which he depository he gave to ISADO OFSY, for transmittal to EUG ENNIS, $5,000 on 11/23/59, $10;000"on 11/27/59, and $10,000 on™ 12/17/59. en :
On 12/0/59, NY 694-S* received from a foreign source $10,000, According to the informant, he is currently depository for $33,500 in Soviet funds. .
; jbo dhe! “
- 9: Bureau. (100-428091 | τ ἢ
: tg “oe : PeesG Sh ponds un TRG γὼ. . oa.
— ye 1 = Chicago (134-46 sub F) (Info) (RM) καὶ oP ane 2 «ΝΥ 134-91 Toy) (415). . " Ὁ ἀϊ «ΝΥ 100-128862 ΟΡ, .USA, Funds, Reserve Fund) (415) ) “Sd Jab τ NY 100-134637 sub a (#15) eee a oh Ν > “ = i ν πὸ Se ὃ δ
scot 8 /00 — rf γέ- Ep ες ἜΝ joke Bo DEC 221950 |
“, .. τ ος . act
pres oe me
FD-36 (Rev. 12-13-56)
O 0
FBI
hy | | Date, 12/28/59
Mr. V.4.50ilivan
. » 4 Ce ‘oF ᾿ - . Mi: " “1 ae |
(Type-in plain text or code) |} Tele. Roont |} Mfr. Hollu . νι. AIRTEL | REGISTERED |} Bs. Holman — } ; (Priority or Method of Mailing) Ad wn a ee ee eee Ke) — LA ich | , ἢ “- TO: DIRECTOR, FBI (100~428091) y : FROM: SAC, NEW YORK (100134637) (415) Ὗ if ἐν SUBJECT: ᾿ 7 ny aN
~ C = INTERNAL SECURITY - COMMUNIST (2
On 12/28/59, NY 694-S*, who has furnished reliable info in the past, made available to SA DAVID RYAN $12,000 in $20 bills, which money informant received from ELIZABETH MASCOLO on 12/26/59. According to informant, this money had been forwarded by TIM BUCK, who in turn had received it from Soviet sources in Canada for transmittal to the CP, USA.
The serlal numbers on the above bills will be checked against the list of known currency issued to Soviet establishments in NYC and Washington, D.C. and the Bureau will be advised of any positive results of this check.
--
" tet or G/- BUREAU (100=428091) (RM) : ' CHICAGO, (134-46 Sub_B) (Info) (RM) 1 = NY¥.134-91 (ταν (415)... 1. = NY 100-134637 Sub.A (SOLO.- Funds) (415) 1 ~ NY-100-128861 CP, USA, Funds, Reserye Fund) (415) 1 = NY 100-134637 415) AN on
Δ] ~ Am oh | C3 “δου βοῦ, & τῷ ἢ X DR:mfd (41) Bie ΞΕ P50 $9 , (9) -.Ψ DEC -2 1969
~ A
] , ᾿ Approved: Doo! sent __ ὋΜ Per . ecial Agent in Charge 0
BB UANA 19h
2 - #s STANDARD Fon NO. δὲ
1 Office MemorSudum - UNITED sah GOVERNMENT
4 ( ή + DIRECTOR, FBI (100-428091) “DATE: «~=—- 12/4/59 BROM
| : SAC, CHICAGO (134-46) (Sub 8) sunyect:( (“E075 ‘RNAL SECURITY - C
CG 5824—=S*, on December 2 . ed to SA JOHN E, KEATING. and ‘Stenographer he information on the following pages. This report pertains to a meeting of delegates from other Communist Parties who were in Peking, China, for the celebration of the 10th Anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, This meeting was addressed by TAN Chen-lin, member of the Political Bureau and Sec- retariat of the Communist Party. of China, and by LIAO Lu~yen,
Minister δῶν ἰσαϊξυχο, and dealt with the Chinese communes, “η ΝᾺ Gay?
2 Bureau (REGISTERED) 1 ~ New York (100=234637) (SOLO) (REGISTERED) 1. Chicago
JEK/kws (4)
5B IAN 4 960 ΨΥ WOM OLE Sp
MEETING OF COMNIST PARTY DELEGATES ‘TO THE CELEBRATION OF THE LOTH ANNIVERSARY OF TOE
FOUNDING OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, ADDRESSED BY. TAN CHEN-LIN AND LIAO LU=YEN
te uA
On September 30, 1 1959, heads of delegations fron - si ‘Comnuriist Parties attended & mooting in the old hail of + thes copie! Fr} Congress in Poking, China, This mdoting was addrosced b chun, . Vico Pronior and Director Οὗ State Planning, “an, Chine “AEter “the romarks of LI Fu-chin, tho dologates from the other Comnurist Partiog indicated an extrome intorost. in information concerniny the commune. systom in China. FEecause of this, anothor meeting for the heads of the delegations from other Communist Parties was held at the, same place and on the gand daze, The second meeting on Soptombér 30, 1959, was chaired bpALIU Ninz-yi, bead Sf the trade, unions in Chine. The. speakors peat nooting ΘΟ ΦΑΡΑΝ ‘Chon-1in,.. ΘΩ͂ ΒΟ. ot the Politica a1 Bureau and the Socrotariat Hé”"Cornunist “Party ’ “ol China,” and yhu-yon,™ ‘Chitiése Minister of Agriculture. “πο EKO ἐμέ γοαιν is & FoRpaa ES oF" ὑμουχο τ ΟΥ̓ TAN’ Chon-1in"and~
U=yen:
3b 18 one year Sincé the people's communes were estab- -
lished, but our exporience is linited, Therefore, wo ara giving yOu oniy information, Regarding tho: ponoral situation ‘and con» cerning the ostablishont of the communes, we refer you to LIU Shao-chi’s article which Ὁ bé published in the October 1, 1959, issue of the "Peking Review", This article, bya. head of | our governzont and a lender of οὐχ Party, tolls how the Chinose
Omnunist Party solved the poasant question through the establish~ nent of co-operatives and tho poople's. communes. LIU Shacechi's - article is a Marxist~Loninist, systoratic analysis of the devolop- ment of domocracy and socialism in China,
Wo will deal with tho peasant question in stagon -- nnd. reforn, agricultural co-operatives, and people's communes.
The firct question is that of our basic policy on the Beasant question, Again, wo would romind you that this policy. is Contained in LIU Shao-chi's article, China was a backward country. 80% of tke population lived in tho rural aroas, 70% of the rural — population, was ado. up of poor peasants and farm laborers, There= fore; tho peasant question is basic in carryins through the deno- cratic rovolutiog,
Conrado LIU Shao-cht is correct when he states that
Jis- fo ae 7 7
~1- ENCLC OU
the poagunt question te tho éontrat qusdtion τὴ tho Chinose rovo= lution, Tho vorkera’ rovolution would bo impossible in Chinn” without tho solution: of the péAsant quodtion, Ton yéara azo, . . | Conrado KAO Tco=ting presented this question in a 2anous articlo, in Waich ho placed ὑπό. peasant question as. the contral quoation “dn our ravolution, MAO Tsq-tung pointed out that tho poavant ἰ- - neods te be oducatad;, eT
The oxperiores oe? tho Lovict Union, Bhowd that a ‘ton tire whl havo to pass to brine togothor the scattored poasant ocononios: - gna ¢hat without unftin; those Ccononios;. it would bo difficult τὸ. establish Soclalicn. Tho Party's attitude in degling with the — : "peasant quostion is basically different than that of the bourgeoisie. "Tho. bourgeoisie. dithér gives. oxdors. or givos "charity", ΟἿΣ Party ΠῚ and. govornzont mobilized tho peasants and δὰ the pdasants to over~ - ‘throw tho. landlord class. That is what wo call the mass lino of tho Party. Tho bourgeois οὐ ποῦ of coscalled "charlty’™ adullp the - . militancy of tho poagantry and kanpors thoir cducation. a | irethod tentora tke magacg. in atruggie and oducatos thon <a, nanoly, - the peasant masses,
- During: thé otruggle ἕο take the land fron. tho Londlords, whave doos the peasantry find londorship? This leadership oithor ohdrges: and thore .dovolops, ἃ corps of militants, . Sond aro monbers. of the Comminist Party and soad aro brought into tho Communiat
- ‘Party, "6 accumulated oxperlorcos dn ddaling with this qicstion - τς for twonty years prior to liboration, The Communist Party of ᾿ς Cina establishéd closod rolations with thé -pdasantry, Our bases. could bo. found in tho villagea, ‘and these: villagos. furrounded tho: enony-hold cities,
n rogsxd ‘to the nmothods of pcrardian roforn, Wo wild not LO , into dotall. But. wo do want too into ‘the. quostion.of pro- ducors' co-oporativos. Innediatoly after the somplotion of tho;
, agrarian roform, wa cnrricd through a socialiat transforration: ik nericulture, The acrarian roforn was completed by 1952,. but. the
socialist transforration in thd yillagos started ovon pofora . 1052... ovo before the completion ὍΣ tho agricultural reform. As pointed out by LIv Shao-chi , the socialiot transformition of arri- _ culture was, devaleped - in threo tages, but they are intor-rolated: |
(1) ‘Aftor thio land roforit, Ἐθ ye orgonized on ἃ broad - peale what τὸ would cali mutual aid ox collective labor: Put. this was atill based on an individual cconony, This form of mutual gid ond labor contained tke rudinents of socialism, (2) On the - -bayis of thq nutual aid movdmont, wo organized the agricultural | producers’ co-operatives, | Horo, tho poasants pooled tho - ‘Aang and
moans of production, but thoir land and tools wore still privatoly owned.. This wo night call a coémi-socialint forn. or a lowor form . - of producers' co-operatives, (3) Thore noxt dovoloped agricul- tural producers! co-oporativos of a highor forn, which. wo Charactorizoe as fully socialist in nature, Tho land and the
tools wore collectivyoly owned. This wag a hiphor form of co- operativo and wo rofer you ‘to LIU Shao-chi's article whoro ho | _Oxplains this in groator dotail. Tho docialigt transformation. in agriculturo was carricd out step by stop, cach oa a higher ‘staga and carricd throuvh faster thin the pravidus stace. During tho:
mutual aid group poriod, thero woro yarlotios. Sono woxo organized
only for a desson, νοι while ‘some disbinddd, prodtcorns' co oporatiyes on an oxporirontal basis bozan to be ostablishked,
Tkoso showod thely superiority over tho othor forms, Tko poasantiry.
watehad and Loarnod.
oS _ -Botwoon 1955. and 1958, there was a big dovalopmtnt of pgricultural producors! ‘co~-oporatiyos in 811 tho villagos. Those wore; #11 tho camo, but they varied somowhat fron placo to pliice. - In com places, the income was paged upon the amount of and ~ oiled. In dothor places, 70% of tho income cano from work. In Bone places, thoy royorsed this division; whord 30% of tha incosd- ven eae on, work and 70% wad based on how much land ono Had in
—_ Thode proportions wore. fixcd by tho peasantry in a pare ‘ticular ‘avon. Wa must also say it dopendod to ‘a large oxtdnt on | tho political cons¢iousness of tho poasantry in ἢ givon dron,. " While these lower forms wore coming intq boing, the Party in sone groas introduced highor forms by 1956. In four months time, botwoon Doconber,, 1955, ard Mdrch, 1956, tho highor form ΘᾺ pro- ducors' co-operatives: wore organized and comploted.. Con τὸ spoak - of difforonces: in tho forms of co~opoxation? Yos, In tho higher © forn of produ¢ors' co-oporatives, the: land and tho big farm inple~ bHonts, as well as thd work aninais, ara colleatiyely owned by the peasants, They draw no income fron thoso- and inpiemonts and =~ aninals, but thoy do. got ah incense for their work. |
During tho poriod of socialist construction in 1956, wo
_ wore already on tho nath of the groat loap forward, While wo were |
organizing the agricultural producora*’ co-operatives, 2 now. σον
opoxative torn. cnorged, This was a integration of the agricultural »
co-operative, with the credit. co-operative, and with tho markot and. supply. ‘This was tho boginnine of the comune, In some places, in
addition to those intogrations, transport: and handicraft co-oporntives .
¥
integrated thorsélves with the local pooplo's govornnont, ‘Thésd agriculture) producdrs' co-oporatiyes onorged in 1956, By tho sprin? of 1953, there ware 3,800 co-operativoa, which word
actually communos, Cy Autust, 1953, thore wore 8,700 communes,
The Céntxral Comnittoo of tho Comnunist Party of China adoptod a resolution in Soptenbor, 10958, on tho organization of the people's communes. Tho organization of the comzuncs was conplotod by the ond af Loptenbor, 1956.. τς ᾿
πο tind somo differonces on tha question of co-operatives — and communes, and again wo ΤΌΣΟΣ you to LIU Shac~chi's article, Since ho deals with those difforencos. The first question which showed differences. of opinion was, Will agricultural production dovolop or will this now form retard 14? Tho Communist Party was of tho opinion that how wo handlo this quostion will decide whothor thoro will bo progress or rvotardation. Ours was a policy of step — by ntép, doponding on tke levol of consciousness amongst the | peasantry. Here, wo rofer you to pago #104 of tha Chinoso ‘books — on statistics, As ko roforrod to this, ho said, You will seo. an incroaso yoar by your. It shows an increase in onch forn -< the tower, tha highor, and tho poople'’s: comms <~ and ench form was bottor for agricultural production.
In tho dovdlopuont of agricultural production, the more. colloctivization, tha highex the forny tho, groater the production, tho. proater the income. The poasants seo rore advantages in the | highor form dnd tho poasants roalizoe thig, Wo seo that, objective roality is roflectod in thé subjective reaction of the poasantry,
ΝΕ Thq second question on which wo had σοῖο diffexoncés was how to denl with tho middig padsants, Or policy towards the _ niddle poasants ig te unite then. During tho process of colicct+ ivization, tho riddl6 peasant had 2 hotter quality of land, bottor tools, and bottor Aninals. Our. policy ig ‘to yay thon so that thoy — wild not lose by joining ἃ co-onporatiyo, Thecg middlo poasants, | are okeptical, ‘Thoy watch, Thoy aigo show a-lot of rosontmont until thoy cco if thoy are going to gain somothing, They want to poo how the commune ‘will work. Thon'if they see that they work
_and thoy gain soiothiny, they. join, Τὸ well-to-do soction of the. niddlo poasantry likes the freo market. They loso this market
“--
Slogan: Unity + Contradiction - Unity,
whon thoy join thé co-oporativa, Sox of thon carry on a struggle against the co-oporatives. Our λον ἀρ to struggle with then in ordor to bring about unity, Wo bas ourselvos on MAO Tso=tunryis
-
“In 1057, tho: Rightists launched a fronzicd attack on
*
' the Party. Yow will racall tho roétificatids canpaipn. This - gtruggla found reflection in the rural arcas. Tha woll<-to«do ᾿ middle poasants aldo Iminchod an attack on tho Commmist Party. -Tho Communist Party of China carricd on a campaign of education anongst ‘the poasdntry in ordor to oxpoco the capitalist rature of : the middlo. woll-to-do podsants: It was during this campaggn that |
tho political foundation for tho poople!s cosmuro was Inid, The : communes aro a result of tho oconomic and political situation in China, ἷ ᾿ ;
xr
. - .ealled people's commines. Tho pdople's comnifies kayo in thon a
| In the 18th Century, thoro toro societies in Chinn @alled communes, Cut wo aldo know that thore Was a Paria cocmune in 1871, Theso cosaunos were not Communist in nature; yet; they. wore called comiunds, Wo adopted the nano "commune" because wo. - @ldo like to use words which tho péopic.iike in People's China.
(Baxonthoticelly opoakiny, thio oxplanation 43 somo= -
What. in tho hature of a. rotroat bofore the Marxists of the world Who wore gatkorod in Pekin?, Thay word not: ready to. put somo of these agricultural cé-oporatives in the category of comiunas, Which ia supposed to bo the highest ctago of Communism, So, tho Chineso Communists want to point out that whilo thoro are olecents ΟΣ sociblicn in this. stago, actually tho word wad takon from the — ' Jeoxdicon of the Chindse lantuage and history, eyon if thoy are not
cxnctly what the word io supposod τὸ πόδα in Marxint-Loninist torninolozy. Tho Russians ard paying that they aro o2 tho road to Comminion, but they Hayd no cozmunes. Tho Chinese havo no largo«scalo industry: yot, but thoy have communes, This is why | ea backtrack a littic bit and give the word "commune" a broader neo Ng}.
: Tho Comming.
The first charaétoriotic of a commune is its ido. It Aneludos thousands abd Gvon tons of thousands of fanilies, Also; thousinds of mous of Jand, It dncludos agricuiturc, industry, _ trade, oducation,. administration and nilitary affaires on ὦ county - - basis. Howoyor, it exceedg: tho county level to. dome oxtont,
Intogration of local govornnont into the comruno cane - quite naturally. Because of tho scopd. of tho people's comminés, it is easier to hive ovor-221 planning, It is casior ‘ta plan tho
uso of tho land for tho best crops. The cozaund can. 180, plan tho bost doploycont of Inbor, tools, ‘aninals ; ‘ote. .
Tho communes lay tho basis for the oldctrifiention and ὦ nochapization of agriculturo. Tho scope, of tho ‘people's. commune - pakes it possible to sot up. didustrics, It also makes it. possible
to mothanize thé handicrafts, Since the communes havo thoir indus~
try, they cin use tke local resources. moro economically, For oxanple, thoy can ongage in lotal mining, ote, Tho commuro«run industrics will hayo a groat future. We xofer you ta page 87 of. tho Chinése book οὐ statistics.
Wo now hava over 700,000 industrial units ron by tho. cotmnes. ‘This. figure docs not includs industries which arg rut by tho br'igedon. Last yoar, tho. industries of tho communes pro- duced sovyon billion yon worth of préducts,
The yunning of industry by thd Conninos. in vory favorable. for the dovdlopsont of Cozmuntsn., This will urbanize the country~ aldo. This dovolopzont will clininate clssses. It will holp the
over-all integration of industry and agrictiture and. will clinin= ἡ ato. the differcntds botwéon the peasantry and tho workors, Tho | inporialists nnd thoi leckoys lie about tho copardtion of families, about the so-calied big agricultural prisons, concen-- tration canps, otc, All theso descriptions of tho coxmuncs aro”: nothing but lies and slandora. We sometimes organize co-operation . ὁ Yor the carrying through of cortain projects involving nahy — | thousands of people. Wo organize alowg military Jinos, but not roally nilitarily.. Whon wo. organize these many thousands, it is. sonétined not convenient for mon and womon to work or live tozethor,. ‘Eut wo cite those oxemples only to expose come sianders, Wo | τος ‘répeat,, Wo sométines do organize along these linos to carry” through big projecta far away fxom home. The tantly is still the
.“pasie: unitof our socioty;. although.mon and women work togothor
.. Off the farm andin industry. =. _ πος
During tho 45. σδβν. forward, wa coxriod through largo— Βοδῖο co-ordination or co-oporation of labor on projocts, especially during tho drought, whon wo workod on a. largo scale on water Con-. . gervation, This is traditionad with us in China, Large-scale. |
co-ordination ia tho Communist style o£ co-operation. - a
co Tho second characteristic 6f the pedplo's cémmune is Hocialict, AO. Teo-tung states that the conmino is big and socialist in charactér. ‘Tho commines aro better able to take caro |
᾿ +
of the publi¢ wolfaro, such aa, schools; hospitals, dining rooms, etc, These institutions wo havo just rontioned havo increased threo..and four tines, as compayod to tho recont past, For example, lyinge-in hospitals have ineredgéd oight tines. Wo do havo'.comunai dininy rodms, Yot, wo still havo tho. traditional Panily. unit and traditional family dining. The commune dining ᾿ yoond ara run in-many ways. fSoze ure opon only during the farn< ing seagon., Some ‘aro. opon All yoar. around. Sore of those dining room3 are opdn for only ecrtain people. Wo aiso hayo spocial dining rooms for childrdn and old peoplo. When a menbor of the
- eorimuna oats in tho commmel dining room, he surrendors his mon ticket, Tho roals and the giiality vary. Somo of theso communal | dining roozd ave woll xun ard gone are not so good. Eut thd din~ - ing -xooms. have. como advantages for women, They do not. have to be fo dopondont, upon thoir: hucband's labor. Thoy can now take part.
in production. This participation in production by women moans economic. and political equality. Othors who benofit by this — comunal dining syston are tho young poople. Thoy can participate ‘in production and save tine. This liberates labor forces fron tho mondial tasks of tho kitckon., These dining roozs make ‘possible 2 bottor uso of thojr labor. = ΠΣ ᾿
᾿ -
" "Ν Accumiiation in tho pooplo's dosinune conos from -threo | πος Sources; (1) Enterprides which aro run at the comune idvol, : τ Sornorly run by the county; (2) Coxmunc mansyoront can draw. 1 “Tesora funda from production brigades. This year, threo billion ay YON WAS addod ἐσ these résoervo. funds, and this wad a 5% total BCrease for 511, commes; and. {3) Tho govornhont giyes the con - ΒΟ 2 certain anount of yon. At the prosont tine, this may not secm Like a lot, bit this will greatly incréase in tha future. - Tho χοπόχνο funds. owned of the comune lovel. aro used for extondod reproduction. Only a portion of thete rosoryo. funds.ore used for Public wolfare, Production doyolopg because of thé usd. of the. Bain Zunds for ro-invostronts.. A totdl of 9.7 billion. yon is now. in the reserve of the communes. In a fow years, thid will oxccod tho Tesoxvog and tho ‘ownorship at tha brigade Jovel.. The ownor~ *- Ship of 211 this- proporty is. pupposed to bolong to thé brigado Within tho comiune. Tho commune receives δ cortain -porcontacs.
| - ‘Tha third chardétoxistic of the people's commune is integration of govormmont administration with commmnd mandzoront. The Conununist Party is able to exercise divoct leadership. and ' bring Socialist planning into azricultire through this intogra~ tion, By integrating povornnont ddninistration with comauno - ; Manacenont, this facilitates the dictatorship over tke following, Slements; the landiords, the countor-rovolutionarios, and tho — bad eloronts, In tho past, our dictatorship wag not so direct Ovor thaso. alenonts. Now it will bo casicr to roform thom throush | τ δον, Sono of thest olenonts will chango thoir idcolozy and _ Hono will just naturally-dicoff, Eut the dictatorship will also. _ “Whithor away in years to com. - -
- The owidrchip system in the poople's comune is sociale .
ist in naturo; it is socialist collective ownorship, Tho principle | 438: Τό ὍὉΔῸ0Β according to his work. Wo.want to quote.fron tlie ro-
solution of the Comuniot Party of Chini adopted at tho Plenun
on Peconbor 10, 1958; | ΝΣ ΜΞ ΒΝ
του aftor the transition froa collectivo " ownership t6 owmership of ὑπό whold people, tha people's - cormunes will, during a nocecoary poried of tine, ' yatain. the systen of ‘to each according to his work,* ~owlng to the fact that thora 1s not as σοῦ an abundant enouch supply of social ‘products to realize comnisn.. Any prondture attempt to nogato tho principle of fto gach according to his work’ and roplace it with the ᾿. | . principle of "to oach acdording to his neods," that das, < any attempt to onter communisa by ovorrenchiny ourcdlyes-
when conditions aro not mature ~-- is undoubtodly a Utopian concept that cannot possibly sucaced," |
a Aitor this rocolution was nadoptod, the, poople’s .comcunes developed xo vapidly that wo did not havo onourh cadres. Whats- Ovor foy cadres: wo had lackod oxporiones. In somo countios, thoy Skipped tho transition&l forms. Instead of collective ownership, it wont avor to poople'’s ownership, Ono county ovyon worked out τὶ BSyaten of Comtuniscn. | :
Chairman HAO Tco=tung nado & trip dast fall. He went into. the countryside, had numerous méotings with the poasants and Gaw how things wore working «~ the good and the bad, At tho - Deconber, 1958, meeting of tho Contrat Comittod of tho Communist Party of China, thore was an oxanination and a roviow of the work~ ing of the poople's communes. Tho Party, baging itcoif upon HAO Tse-tung's anelysic, explained tho. differences botwoon -collec- tive ownership, which is Socialisn, and ownership. by 811 of the poople, which is Communism, Tho Contral Committed at that Plonun | decided to consolidate the pooplé's cormmunos. The check-up on. the poople's comminog. startod in Docomber, 1958, and continued. to the. ond of Fobriary, 1959.. We found many problers, hut tho
main question was tho adjustment of ownership,
Tho Fobruary 7; 1959, Plenum 565 the, Contral Cémitteo = of the Commmnist Party of Ching re-affirnod tho previous resdélution and 1518 down three principles of éwnorsiiip;. (1) Commune levcl;
(2) Brigado levyol; and (3). Work toan level, and ἃ system of - businoss accounting at different lsyols. Tho production brigade Ἰονοῖ is considored the basic one, with a part owrership at the commune level and part ownership. at’ tho production. toan level, which is tha lowest level, The production brigade is under the commune, Tha production, brigade is like the former co-oporativa,.. At tho production brigade loyal (which is the basic lova2), tho utilization of Jand, imploronts, draft aninais, ote., aro at the - disposal of thd brigado, At tho commune level, owmership consists of thoir own industrios; wator .consorvation, ote., and thoy avo = their own machindry.. Bach yoar, the commune draws a certain fund fron tho production brigado. Tha commune doos the planninz, -
Wheat io neant by partial owndrabip by production toans? Who cakes up tho production brigade? There aro three million sich production tednug. It is tho smallest or iowost unit.. Tho produc- tion team has ἃ contract with the production brigade. They decide how nuch manpovor thoy supply, what are tho. targots, the costz;. οἷς, What the toan sayos will, in tho main, bolong to tho team.
~On
The ovor-fulfillmént of tho plan is: thoirs, too. The production toars can uso leisuré tine to farn for thenselved or carry on Uidkvinukl production. The incom gocs-to the tean,’ Every fanily can niso éuvare in sidelines, ‘Thoy cal prow soma veg6~ tablea on the. land surrounding tho house, |
Why tho. ownership at the brigade lovel, rathor than the connunGc levol? This is because of the unevonnoss of the develop~ mont. 30% of the brigades lag. bohind; and if tho ownorship was on a comuno level, it would rosult in oquilitarinnism, It would #150 result Jn an over-concontration, Dy having tho bagic owndr< Ship at tho brignado Jevyol, tho comsund can. concentrate. and got the 306% of tho brigades which lng bohind to catch up and achiove ovenness in devolopont., By that tino, 1t may bo possibile to have ownership at the commune Joyol and: the. brigades will becono nanngenent organs. The communes will thon dovelop at 2 level whore thé ownership can then bdcome ownership by all tho poopie.
hat-is the principle of distribution in the peopic's - Conmune? _ Bron each according to his ability, to coach ‘according ta his Work. You havo a combination of wago syston with a freo supply syston, 70% is paid out in wages. 30% is givon out in froe supplics, which consists. chiefly of food, In somo places, only food grains aro givon to the poople and they havo to buy —
4
their own 6115. fats; ate.
| Tho ἔτσο supply system developed in thé producers’ οὐ» operative. Sone families ndedod help in order to exist. In fact, 20% of tha familios at that timc heeded bome help. For. exanpic; thay did not have enoush workors in the fanily because of tho aged or a Jargo numbor of omall children. This question
could not bo solved until the commune camo into being, So, all nombers of the fahily ate without pay, Tho over-whelning .
- majority of the poasantry supports this princilplo. Even those © - Who hays smali fanilics, but who aro mado up. of workers, support
this free supply ox free food systdm to. those families which have
fower workers for whataver reasons. This free supply systen °
. Siready is thé rudinont of thé Communist principle -- to cach —
. pecording to his neods =~ but only a rudinont, sinco this is only
& 58.811 porcentace of tho incom. Yot, those small shoots have
groat, possibilitios for growth, and in the communos we soo the
- Great possibilities for the future.
- 10 ~
ΩΣ πόνο Ὁ ἢ β L Office Memorandum ¢ UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
%
TO >UR. A. ἢ. BELMONT . : . DATES December 28, 1959 | | - Belmont . . - DeLoach .......... FROM ‘UR. Κ΄. J, BAUMGARDNER 7 McGuire —
Parsons
CS 0 hy Rosen . Tamm: IN ¢) SECURTIY = ¢ he phy WiC. Sulla —
ele, Room __ | ᾿ τ στ Reference ts made to my memorandum 20-30-59 which Sets fogth in detatl the receipts and disbursements of funds received from the Communist Party (CP) of the Soviet Union by the CPUSA from 9-23-59 through 10-26+59,
SUBJ
| Phe following schedules show the present status of the funds | recetved from the Soviets together with the receipts and disbursements subsequent to 10-26-59,
TOTAL RECEIVED ΤῸ 10-26-59) $253, 500 TOTAL DISBURSED (See previous memorandum) 124,000 . BALANCE OF FUND 10-26-59. : $129, 500
RECEIPTS FROW 10-86~59 to 12-21-59 | 12=9-59% $10,000 10, 000
) ᾿ 489, δ00 LESS DISBURSEMENTS 10-26-59. to 12-21-59 : Li-2-59 to. Bugene Dennis for "The Worker" $70, 000 L1-4-59 to Hugene Dennis for | "The Forker!* 10,,900 11-20-59 to Claude Lightfoot, chairman, CP of Illinois 300 | 11-23-59 to Isadore Wofsy for . sl transmittal te FBugene Dennis. 5,000 -
11. 2:τπὃ9 to Isadore Wofsy for transmittal to Eugene Dennis 10,000 Ll-27-59 to Isadore Wofsy for | transmittal to Eugene Dennis 10,000 $45,300
BALANCE IN FUND 12-21-59
SUMMA RY ἢ . Total receipts to 1221-59 REC 84. | Less disbursements to 12-21-59 /0§ —~ artodi— Balance a —
100-428091. ° Πρ 25; JAN 4 1950 } τ Mr. Belmont Lh GC CAG, a ra, 1.“ Mr, Baumgardner
1 - Hr. Donohue - : 1 - Mr. Decker .- (Wd: cher
| AJ Ds: med ek
72--2 meme) SMPTE)
ifemorandum to Mr. Bel mont RE: SOLO L00-428091
“From Soviet Embassy, Ottawa, Canada, delivered by Elizabeth Mascolo, courtier, Canadian CP, to NY 694-55, New York City.
“eG63,200 maintained by CG 5824-95 in. safe deposit. boxy Michigan Avenue Nattonal Bank, Chicago, Illinois; ‘$32,000 matntatned by. NY 694-S in safe deposit box, Amalgamated Bank, New York, New York.
A CTION s
Vone. his 18 submitted for your information, You will be kept apprised of ali pertinent developments in this matter.
L Liatson Section
Ἶ I Laboratory | . tl -oe. Belmont
"ἢ
1
ἴω γι. Decker
mae
“
τ ; ω SOL ᾿ τ Ἢ \ INTEAWAL SAOURITE ~ σ᾽
ἈΘΗΤανρέσι cm bee Ber, euver 4, ISS?
fhe Sure cendure wih the yecuunadgstans age ferth ΤῈ reairtel aad you ard Ene true ted te phos ae
rapasent should be iMatracted that ff weeld o¢ Noei undeairarie to ΟΕ any furde fren the Chingee whi ie in Prague, Caeehoslovaria. Xe should δὲ thatructed thes US: a tn discuesing ἐπία matter with spend Went ¢ they Shauid be @iptesd thes the “accertas , the comuntat Party (CP) af Chine could inoense the Ἐπ γα end eauid geod to a puptere in the relations ὃ δῆ the GP, Udi, and the CF of the Seute’ Gnton, He shayld patne φῦ tage: the OF, UNA, Aas fot caumitted itealf to aaeept thie
maney aret tt cauke be grecteugiy desitaed wt thowt vite Se
ιν
future ὈΟΒΡΗΡῚΡ oe sue em the oF, GSA, ah the ὧ af Chinn.
Ths ΡΝ shewtd hag kepe apprised af deve ligne oe
and inumediately adviaed of the ἀφὶς end piaee where thfrorkent moka his application for pesaport ¢0 this getter gas ὑφ
followed with the Pasepars Gffiee af the Depariment af δ δ6 89
So insure thes the passports ia iesued prauptiy id ΨΙΡΑΘΟΥ Ὁ
risk fo the informant ΤΡ 290K The & ! the Hew Fork stave operator's teense: aud ἐδ a a ri tulinets Agpeh aertisvlegtie will le prepared by thea CO |1--2 2 |
hevoratery | ar Formarded tO You @% Boon ae powstihie.s x 2 = chteage ( Liked sua a}pre. 9, (00 - hd wae a fh ν᾽
NOTE: See meno iauadiraner to. Be list ἐἰβαξ ἃ! 42:14- 59 Captioned as above, eee Sole ‘pw ΡΟ 7 be EN. τ
Tolson Belmont
CeLonch τος
McGuit
Mobr AID: 6eh? mar’ its
Parsons ; : Rosen ae. εἰ 4 4.02 10) st | Tamm id
Tratter, B [᾿;
W.C. Sullivan _! JA i ( | Tele. Room —_ = |
Holloman Ga ndy
MAIL ROOM}. ΤΕΙΕΤΥΡΕ ynit—_J
aa
Trotter inane
WC. Sdlilvan —_ "
Tele. Room ν τ Holloman ew.
Gandy ae
᾿ transnitte
PWD taj ye ; . | ᾿ (dy ) iy |
ἀ"
.} - Mise
SAC, Chi caro NEG. 94
(100-4ac0m1y —— DF
SOLO INTERNAL, SECURITY ~ C
Director, FBI
You are requested to subait to the Bureau a. detailed accounting of the expenses of CG 5824-S in connection with his last trip abroad. This accountiny should disclose tne seurce of all funds used by the informant to pay for expenses, together: with an accounting of the experises incurred. A specific Statement should be made as to the cmount of money
“used by the informant in connection with his trip,
which moncy was taken from the funds previously Lt to. the Communist Party, USA, by the Soviet Union and which are in the custody of (ὃ 5824-S,
The Bureau desires that this data be subnitted no later than January §, 1960. If there is any reason
_why this deadline cannot be met, the Burcau should be advised by return mail. .
ἐ- ᾿ κοῦ τ αὶ
>, >
-
{
Fant] eq a _
DEC 9-9 '1959 COMMFEE
Coron, a!
oy MAIL BOOM] teLeryPe ὈΝ ΓΞ Ὲ
Decexber 29, 1959
4-4) (Rev. 2-9-59) ἐξ Ο Y DECODED COPY Mi» DeLicach τὶ
J 7) Με, Parsons —__- ( Mr. Rosen :
\ Mr. Tamm
xx] Radio ΓἽ Teletype Mr. Trotter ς΄
Mr. W.C; Sullivan Tele. Room
| Art DEFERRED 12-30-59
TO DIRECTOR FROM SAC, NEW YORK 300830 brunch » (C0L0 IS-C. NY 694-S* ORALLY ADVISED HE RECEIVED HIS PASSPORT,
NOER THE NAME OF JACK BROOKS, AT RADIO CITY, NEW YORK CITY, PASSPORT OFFICE, AT 4:15 PM, THIS DATE.
RECE| VED: 9:07 AM RADIO
10:06 AM CODING UNIT WW
we fog 1709 8)
TE by τὶ ate TSE IQ 55 JAN 81960 |
If the intelligence contained in the above message is to be disseminated outside the Bureau, tt is suggested that it be suitably paraphrased in order to protect the Bureau's cryptographic systems.
+ ων — -
a -
. Decénber χ 8) 1959."
. i hieigsy Τρ duane — . 7 Dear ur. and. urea. Childs: ΝΞ ΝΣ -
Twant you to know how well ‘pleased I an | with the guéecessful conclusion of your recent ee 2 Ν" ᾿ χιϑϑίοι on. behalf of qur.country and of. the Federal -ὸὶ- ᾿ _ Burecu of Investigation. TF have personally reviewed ᾿ a tbhe highly valuable results of your efforts which εἷς certainly indicate a devotton to the cause of our τς country: far beyond the contributions expected of - the ον most patrtotic Anericans,
I also wish te express ny deep appreciation
t for the persona] sacrifices and hardships which both of | you encountered tn this Jatest misston. TI an aware. thet this nisston occurred durthg a tine of nost serious τ τ τς ᾿ς 72π6858 on the part of Urs. : Childs, and I personalzy ΕΝ want to thank her for the séruices. uhich she has rendered, ; ‘I certainly hope that her physical condision has improued’ Ν since her return,
" - ἴω
' You can be assured that the nate rial resulting Ἀν fron your recent risston has been carefully an@lyzed πᾷ
oo wild be fully utilized to the best adudntage, of this
moO country, ᾿ , Ὁ} 43 S05 J 5% we Φ.ἜἜ.ᾳ.Σ I an sari EX do R88s ‘0 COLL A to Express may
Ol. |) pstneere adnipation for the οοξξῦτδ igo seruige RK od
~ oe rendered and T have. instructed my personal represen
to present you the sun. of $1,000 which refloctanin, some
noe NY (small way my apprectation for the merttorious_nanne : - ἣν . which you carried out your assignment. } τὸ Ὁ ᾿ . ᾿ ron ,
Tolan δι nt re ' Sincerely yours, ( elmont= é an 3 ΕΝ ΠΝ ΜΜ’ πρᾶον. τς MOTE ΟΝ ΥΡΊΈΤΟΝΣ: a Rigen ΒΟ ; ει ee Mohr . ° ~ Ψ oo. ᾿ " - ᾿ Patsons __ | . Bee me MO Baurigandner to Relmont ‘déped 12+ 9-59, same Ό Tame πεστστι caption, AJDened. .
, dtORter AIDsemed lee “Sullivan ον (6) ©. Room «ας _ MAIL, ROOK LI TELETYPE, wut
\ Gandy 7
L mont τ
. Fas © 7 ia tstrative Division ᾿ aungardner . : — : Decker SAC, Ghi cagé (134-46~Sub 3) Ε December 14, 1959 “Directors PBI (100-420092 } PERSONAL ATTRITION «
mo j ( Ge. τ τι " : BRTAL SECURIIY - Ε ew.
In connection with the captioned operation, the Bureau feels that the outstanding. contribution afforded to the. success of thig netter by CG 5822-8 ta, deaerutng | of Spectal recoguition,
In this regard, there is otteched an appropriate letter addressed to CG S824-S and his wife under their true ᾿ tdenttities. You ore to personally déliver thts letter Ἐσ. τς _ the informant and afford hin. the opportunity to read it. | This Letter shottld then be brought back by you to. the
Chicago, Office where tt ta to be retained in the Safe, — ‘Under no etreunatances are you to. rel: tngut sh: control Of this letter at any tine. |
. Fo "oe In addition.to the above, the Puredu feels that ° . the -nanner in which the ta fPornans discharged his duties in 7 “ eorinectton with the Solo opération is deseruihg of recognition in the foru of α cash award over and above his authorized = ‘Tet mbursément x At the tine the above letter ts delivered an - to the infornant, authority ts granted. herewith to furnish \ - | hin a cash auard in the anount of $1,000. — | |
; ‘Any pertinent observations which you. ney have relative \ -, 40 the redction of our tnformant to. this letter and cash po award should be madé auailable to the Bureau, ἢ - Β *
| 5 ξ Ν οὐ Βπολοϑι i S83. ne "REC 2 χρο 77: if ΝΣ NOTE ΟΝ YELLORs [0x4
- ΝΞ See meMO maurodhaner bo. Bean δ Wee lesa, same - - caption, AID: med.
el,
Pee
- , ah " re. ν - ‘ Folson pee Agpemed “ - “Belobo i Of 7} a Ὁ . DeLoach πα * - ᾿ ‘. oo : McGuire --.---...ὕ.. ~ 1 . Mobr nen, ‘ Ne? Porsons —_-_ ἦν κὰν ἢ ς " Rogan wens @ Me dai! rr ; Tattea . = ~ . pay i ’ 4 . “κι Ἃ
Trotter
Ben τ MAIL-ROOMC_] TELETYPE. ONITE Tt"
= oe -
- STANDARD Fonm να, δὲ
᾿ Office Meniortndum - “UNITE
: "40, : - DIRECTOR, FBi (100-248091) _ * BATE December’ 31, 1959 -:
BRNMENT
—_ ‘BAC, ~CtICAGo (184-46 Sub B) ns
sUpyecr: Gy) - a | -" . 1 τσ τς , BT ΕΕΕ ‘
-ReBulet 12/29/59, " | —_ os
-- The: ‘agent assigned to the captioned. case is on Annual Leave until January. 6, 1960.. - He- has received’. “gone figures from: CG. 5824-S*,, however, additional 7 "" data is required. | '
- ᾿ SF For the: Buréau's duformation, cg 5924-S% advised: a
es ‘on December 311, 1959, that his wite's physical -condi~- =
7 tion has taken. a turn for the ‘worse; arid it was *
me necessary. to return her to the hospital on’ December: 25, ΕΝ στ ποτ ria Hé is réquired to be almost. continuously’ with: " ὙΔ ο Her because of the, blood transfusions. necessary, Θὰ ἡ ge - pécause. her moralé ‘has now cotipletely broker, It 15. Rhe
most difficult td see CG 5824-S*. at this time and. it
. is not: possible to- predict what ‘the δε, of - the. next: - ᾿ two to four. weeks: will bring with regard to ‘his wife, FT ᾿ "Τὴ View .of. the above, it will not. be ‘possible €6
ΟΠ meet the Bureau! Ss ‘déadline of January 8, 1960.
ΕΣ effort will -be tidde to.furnish the Βυχδᾶυ with-t thé ΝΞ ΕΞ required, information no- later ‘thar January 15;, iséoer
thy Ἢ ."
ee ΜΙ ! a A Bureau (RM) ~-. = he ‘Chicago a - GNF :1itb - ΓΝ a (9 ΝΣ
- -
πος piel 18 san 860 ΝΞ : a «mine oP ΓΕ i iS: mae -
- -. . -ς er ᾿ Γ΄ -- -- aia wor ore - “ΜΝ σα. 4 4 7~
ars
i ν᾿ . - ᾿ - - - τ Ap. 2 BTANDARD FORM HO, 64 : . - St - ΡΣ " a - . *. . ‘ a ‘
Office Memorandum « inven stxris GovERNMENT
§ te DIRECTOR, FBI ; | | DATE: December 28, 1959 nO : SAC, CHICAGO (134-46- Sub B) ΕΞ ΝΞ ” SUBJECT s 1 Cou 7 oe “ATTN: A. H snasonl 2 " [1 8. ὃ Ἂ as
: ASSISTANTDIRECTOR
There are forwarded under separate cover three books in Russian received in Chicago through the confidential - drop arranged ‘by CG 5824-S* for the transmittal of literature. - and messages from the . USSR.
᾿ “Ae tn _ According to CG 5824-S*, the book bearing a gray b, 1 [cover is the néw text book called/'roundations.of Marxism- , if ]) Leninism!", edited by OLDOAKUSSINAN and published im Moscow ον τ τα ὴ 4 in 1959; This. book, according to: CG 0824~-S*, is the one στο:
referred to in the informant "s discussions with. the Russians κ when they ifistructed him ‘to read the chapters. on "united ὯΝ front™ where .as ‘washindicated by them. the Communist. Party, (CP), (Yh? USA could get. sone answers to its questions.
ood td
The enclosed ‘blue covered book, is the new ἰξεσεσεν »- £ the CP-of the Soviet Union, Its chief author is BORIS *PONOMAREY and his. chief assistant. was Professor MINTZ, °
The ‘third. book portrays a photograph of menus
‘and President BISENHOWER. -
The. above: are being, submitted: to the. Bureau fox: possible translation or perusal; ‘however, the informant tiust > | utilize these books and transmit them to the CP, USA ἀθ΄. . expeditiously as possible; The Bureau is, theréfore, requested to examine these books, take appropriate: action. and: return nt ey to the Chicago Office as soon as: possible. wie
ΕΣ" wpe Ug fs 1B $9 4,3 Bureau (REGISTERED) - Package (REGISTERED) 1- Chicago - Λ΄. σαρλ,5 ΠΟ τ oat eee at fae ΠΝ ς « EN : mm, ¥ oS ae “- J » te 11 {| a3 2 , ἐς τ" ogite7, o
BB TAN υἷι,
ALL THE DEMOCRATIC FORCES OF THE PEOPLE... . - ΝΞ
“Greatton of such α unity and alltance hag on immense importance |
TRANSLATION FROM RUSSTAN oO Ξ "FOUNDATIONS CX” MARYTSN-IBNINTSYUY 0 6 τὸ π΄ | CHAPTER 1 ἘΞ ᾿
-
--
A POLTCY OF UUTTY OF acronis oF: Tit WORKING. CLASS AND OF
Ῥ ΕἸ
Ξ - πα " ""
The vorktag elass has to carry On ἃ, atruggle in. oF difficult conditions. Its oppressor ise the wealthiest and. ν most organized class of society. -ἰ the-capitalist Ὁ 1688. oo
In the.hands of the dominant bourgeotste ta the powerful 7 apparatus of physical Coeraion (the arhy, poltec, court,
. priséng). and tdeologioal influéncé upon the nasses (the church, school, radio, televigion,; notion pigtures, Stee). On tts. side likewise are the.force of habit and the. forge
of eradtetons of the explotting sootety. ΝΣ
[3
. Inv these Conditions, the working, class particularly neéds unity and organization, of tés ranks, as: jell ds close αν alltance with other pontingents of the working peopla.. for tt8 PUsUre, and for the future: of all ‘peoples. ὲ . oo. ‘A
. ᾿ ᾿ Ἢ
The unity oy dorkers has’ a stable objective foundatton-»
ΣΝ ; ϑοπαμητέν of claas trtéerests. Nevertheless, ἐξ doés nat -
‘a
PRANSLATED: BY; «ΤᾺ.
develop spontaneously, without particular efforts of a class-conscious yonguard of the working -elasae The natter of fact ts that houregotstée utiltzes all the opportunitiss for hpinging dissént into the ranks of Tabor and of 811 the working people; 30: as to-.weaken and poralyze their olgse ."΄. enemiese« Unfortunately, this policy hdg producéd aie. continues —
to produce tts fruits. It ἐδ precisely the dissent in the a labor movement which 43 a principel cayse of many sértoug
defeats of warkers and the baate prerequisite ,for a success of
reaction. “Hot ἃ few niafortunes of the nodern world,” | ΝΕ justifiably Stated iN. ὃς KiRUSECHEY at: the 20th Congress of the σα’ Cre Psy su. Nore: Footed. in the fact that, -for many. yearss an Rony:
--
”
PATTANA NIKONISHIN: Sis Lip January 19, 1960
O- f2S off © τ is |
ENoLosuRE τεῦς 6 τς
-κ . . . " a ᾿ - + - - . il - 4 at 4 ᾿ πὶ πιο. «ρου. , τττ'΄έΠΠΤΠ᾿Ὶ᾿Ὶ᾿Ὶ᾿᾿ῸῤῸῤ ᾽.-" .-Φππ π΄ὐὰπανι΄πὐσππσνσν“ὐῦν
ἀν
Working Glass in Modern Condistons. . In spite of the depth of- differences dividing 3 the - -
—_!
—
COUNTIES, . the borki ng: class has rénained split and tts various contingents do not’ cone out aso united front, which playa , ὑπέρ the hands, of the forces of reaction." Ἔ
- , Phat ts hy the. connunisat parties and all , Harcists-Lentnists consider as their nost important task the overcoming of the split tn the labor novenent, securing: of the unity of its ranks and ἃ close alliance with ,all the workers, with all the, progressive and demporatte forces Of the peoples ‘
> |. The. Necessity for. the. Unity. Ὁ Acbtons 0} the |
revolutionary and reformist trenda,; comnunist parties of
«
ει
capitalist countries, even in the first pertod of thetr . activity, strove to establish the unity of actions utth | ᾿ social~denocratic organizations. ΕΣ - το εκ
᾿ . Fhe conmunists tssued and are gbtil issuing fron the fact that (industrtal) workérs, as well as all the working people, no natter what they are + connuniats, soctal~denocrats, or menbers. of organizations. tufluenced by the church - they”:
ali have common. interests. This tasuea fron the very-situation _ of the working clase and of Ο11 the norking people as. thé. ,
explored part of βοσί θέμε ; ro
-What_is the po. ; of aott ona? - In the struggle for the conmon interests of the working- people, the communist parties strive for cooperation with all the workers! organizations, regardless of political or reltgious _utews of their members. Activity of the connunt st parties
directed toward securing of this- cooperation +3 called the me
policy of the. Unt ey. of aotions. το ἢ ᾿
In the history of the tnternational Zabor moveents there are quite a few outstanding examples of such unity. ‘Whew a serious danzer was threatening the interests of the .- working people, a@ trend toward unity increased: among then --
- ang - Labor organizaét ong acted jotntly, as a THLE
a
τ * | -ὦ Qe.
ν᾿
᾿ Te was 5 “thts way in the thirties, when fascisn Ν ες τ -᾿ ~gtratned- toward power. in mony countries of Europes At that - a » time; a strong movenent for labor unity developed tn France, ~= 2 - - Spain, and Austria, end. this influenced positions of leader<' » . Ship of the sdcteltst parties which previously opposed tn. , | every posstble way, the céllapboration with comnuntat parties. ν΄.
. In 1934-1936, between the communtats and soctalists. of these ,.- τοὺς countries, agreement on unity of actions against fascism
" were concluded - Phe People! 8 Front governments were. forned ᾿ ἐπ France and’ Spaine
ae Duxtng the world War. IT} the ΜΠ Ἐν, of the working | _ .. people agatn progressed considérably. Connuniéts, many rank . and file members and leaders of socialist parttes, end many ΕΝ supporters of bourgeois parties - denocrats, radicals, and Catholics --fouyht. s¥de by stde.in the ranks of the reststance movement. It is generally acknowledged that connunt ste. forned the. nudi¢ua of thig MOUVEMENT. —
| Ayter the uletory ‘ouer fasotan,.the broad masses ~.- = denonstratet Gn unisual trend toward unifteation. In ΕΝ people's democracies, untted purtiés of the working. class - ‘were created which built thetr activity on the basis of
a prinetples” of Harxzisn-Lentnisn,g ΤᾺ thts way, tn a con= τος © .atderable part of Europe, the ideological and organtzattonal Soe split .of the. labor: novenent had: been overcome.
Various. trends wtthin the labor πουδηθηξ drew closer after the war in many capitalist ‘eauntries,. ds. wells For sone. Gimes agreenents on unity. of ΠΟΥ ΟἿ continued ἐσ erist between ~~ comnuntsts and -soctaltots, ‘dnd Labor untona included the ς working people of all political convictions. In October, 1945, οὖ th@ Forid Federation of Trad@-Untons (WFT) was formed, where: . - - - trade-unions of the P&SR united for the first time with 7 trade~unions Of capttalistic Liropey USA, Latiit Anerica, tind : @ountrtes of the East. The internattonal labor movenént has never yet. been so close ἴο: untty ag during those years. ©
Houeusr, the international redaction. adopted al2— oy possible measures in. order to frustrate this turn toward unitys. ° - “This tine, the role of an tnsptrer and organizer of the spltt- was undertaken by US nonopdlids. Ths pretext was the denonstration of the European communist parties. against the ensleving. teray of the 'Warshdl? Plan.” A furtous campaign of slendér and persecution started against comnunt sts, and thetr. representatives were removed fron governnents. -
αὶ + ‘ , “ " ᾿ , *
7~ * al σειν Ξ
“ΩΣ _ t- -. =
τος - Τακξίησ advantage of thé differences arising in the - -
- WE? tn connection with thé evaluation of the "Harshail Pick," the reactionary leadership of Anerican trade-untons split this: @ssoc{ations In 1949, Brttigh. trddée-unions; Congress of dndustrtal Organizations. of thé ΘΑ͂, federattona of trade- ὃ
- untons of Belgium, Holland, and of a number of -other countries,
τ ᾿ Left the FIL. ~ Somewhdt, later, they created their owt parallel - Cepker = the so=¢alled International Confederation of Frée Trade-Unitone. . 2 9 og, eee |
se γος, ᾿ Contrary. to the true aspirations of tlie nésges, ‘the Jabor movement again. becohne split and the struggle anong.
. =
(tas vartous trénds flared up with a:new fores.
ios τς ,. , Hhat woudd produce thé unity of dottons? 5 At the -.. ‘, present time, the dangers threatening the workers, gre far μένε > more gérjous than. on the σύβν. or even during the years of World War Its, The threat of atomic wor, an open striutng of monopoly capttal to establish i¢9.dictataréhip everywhere, : ali thts nekes particulariy-dbvious the. necesstty for the unity -of adotions of. the working class... Responsibility of the labor ° parties has increased. immeugurablys the sttuation urgently ° demanda unitéd efforts from thens otherwise reaction: tn - capitalistte ooiintrige will open for itsélf a road to ἃ - “ feroctous dictatorship and the new nilitary: adventures,
-.. +... Turning the unity of adttons tito an ooute necessity, - - ‘the struggle for péace and democracy; at the sane tine makes caster the achievenent, of agreénent betwean the labor parties. “- It. is. easter to come to an agreenent for then on the prablena’
(> + advocate an aggressive war or fascisn, Consequently, the sphere of questions tn which cooperation of the working qrgguizations - could and Should he reached now, hag coneiderably broadened. " ἀπ addition to traditional: denands. ~ increase of wages, reduction of the length of the working day; etc, ~ there ts one more platform for. the unity of actionar the atruggle for the conron
. Genocratic demands. . Ν ᾿ τ The unity of actions of the working lass would exert
-Immense influence upoh decision of problems involving the fate
of the entire mankind. There are 63 comunist parties throughout
the world, t0 the ranks of which belong over 58 million people
at present, There are. 70 communist parties in the oapitalist
world, untting 4,5 aillton nenbérs. In the Soctalist Iingernational,
-
an ὡ ΝΕ : ᾿. {Ὁ -
~ oF - . - ----τ-τ-τ τ “ο.--...-.::- - er - - . * ι τ — a: τ ἢ 5 - ᾽ν . ἢ . - " a fae τ" ae τα a - - ae ove bey ες aM 5 ' ᾿ ΠΝ - . .-- . a : 1 ar Fal A " . - . . iy χε 4 > Δ, ἢ Ν ἢ ΝΞ ! » Φ roa aL - -- 1 - . - & ι ᾿ + roe οὐ - t os , . cen t id εν Poh : - . “ , - Φ . . . a . . hots t ᾽ ι - . - . - υ " ᾿ Ἔ ’ - κα - Ν Ξ - % ἢ ΠΝ x . s "ἃ ἢ I - - ' — ᾿ - - - -
. κ΄ . αὐ
according ἑ to an official data; are untted 39 soot alist parties. and groups, numbering approwtnately 10 mtllion nenbers (of- then G-mtllton Gre members of the English Labor Party). - . In the ranka of the Korid Federation of Trade-Untons and tn - - the International Federation (ste) of Free Prade-nions, ~ - there is a total of over 160 million people. Lt ἐξ not ai pfioule ᾿ - to inagine. what invortance por the cause of peace. end . denocracy would. have. the -unity. of actions end cooperation _of ald these parties and organizations. - If, for example, - the English Labor Party, the Soctal-Denocratie Party-of: Gepmany,. - the Prench, Belgian, and Austrian Soctalist, Parties, and ἡ thé -soctal-denooratic parties of the ὁ Sands navi ati countries would come to.an agreement on the untty of cettons with the - conmunist parties of the Soviet Union,, China, of all peoplefs - ὑ Gemdcractes, the comnuntat parties of tally, France, Finland, ᾿. Indigs Indonesia, Mrazil, ‘ahd other capitalist countrtes, we may fave no doubt that the forces of reaction and var would becone more docile and guarantees of the preservation of. -untuersal peace would. “gnerease many LIMES’ -
-
με ‘4
ὶ The cogperation of the. Δ δοΤ' parties vould pacilivate. the unification of dll the peace-loving. and denocratic forces: *- Labor -untty vould form the oundarton | of the ἰδ of aattons. - of all _ Gemogracye
--
3. Who Prevents tha Establishment. of the, Unity of sotions
-to draw as nany workers as possible into thetr ranks. ΝΟ
TRANSLATION FROM RUSSTAN
_ GHAPTER 14: ofthe *- | “FOUNDATIONS OF MARXISU<LENINISU” -" (Gontinued) ἢ
- ἊΝ 4
-
De the Yorkin Class
In reply to convinoing argunents of connunists ἐπ —
favor of the untty of actions, official leadership of the S0ctai=denocratte parties brings outa nimber of arguments:
tn whieh nany socialists attll believe.
Σ - RBrowses of the Opponents of Uniti}, Preposals of.
conhunists on the united front,- state. the léadera of social— - _ denoerdey, are nothing. nore than a. nanheuver, trick; actudily,:
Communists care not.at: dll about. intéresta of the working: |,
-
class, but about: their own narrow party interests; they. wtah,
“Thig ig the. nost complete. distortion of motives.
at reeting communists, -Actually, tn struggling for unitys
connuntats proceed fron the interests. of the working péople
thenselves, tnoluding. those who belong. to the soctalist
parties or support then. For when the workers act in harmony and. unity, they all gain fron. tt together and every~ one indtuidually. 1.18. is olear ‘even for the nosé elass- conscious proletarian. ΕΣ |
. It ts high time for soctal«denoerats to bhecone
- gonvinedd that the polioy of untty of actions ts ‘proposed
by the comnuntats with absolutely honest intentions; tn all sincerity and seriousness. inherent tn the party of the . working 61.885, Comnunitsts, in oerrying out this policy; are
in not way directed by considerations of the moment. They are sure that. untty-ts9 necessary to the working people tocay, when the Jabor movenent and all progressive humanity are carrying on a struggle, for pedoe and democracy, and that 1%
January 295
a) τ \ - TRANSEATED BY: en ane A) | PATIANA NIKONISHIN? bjn HA od "δ ἘΝ 196. * EF wo po |
om
x
will‘ be. -8StiIl more necessary tonorrow,. when, in. dany. - -@ountries, the task of the building of connunisn will.arises - _. . 4 policy neant for suck.a prolonged period. cannot stoop to* . «snail tricks, ΑΙ the practical aotivity of connunist — - parties convinciagly proves that a proposal on. the unity of actions ts not a doncession to opportunisn. on thetr- part, ~ ” but an exppéeasion of a pernanént political Line, dietated by
7 τ ἃ concern for uitaZ interests of all the working peoples . - Ε ον ΤῸ ᾿ .-Ν ‘Gonnuniste are not-the only ones “ο adnic that . . I “ unity has. becone @ vital necessity, Many representatives :-of
the labor novenent + nonconnaunists ~--also think, the- sane way, _ For instance, the oldest leader ‘of the Socialist Party,of — Helgiun, a forner Prine Minister, Professor CAUTLEE HOYSHANS3. stated, after visiting the Sdviet Union in 1956; "T, an. old socialist, who. for many years was a friend of LENIN and-his — wife KRUPSKAYA, was deeply noved by pll this, I' knew LEHIN's ες -thoughts and. hia good qualities, ff considered the break-up. . whieh took plage petween us in 1917 a mistake. But all this. 4a. in the past and I do not want to. réprodeh anyone with - . anything. -But Iuish to help with all my powers the reé-~ ὃΘὃ9ὃῷὃΌῃλ. establishment in. kupape of. the unvty of the working ΟἹαϑδς". ᾿
_Partioularly valuable are conclusions of α wéli= known veteran of the labor movenent, OTTO BUCHWITZ (phon.).»' τ αὐ which he arrived ἐπ his book; “Fipty Τδανϑ, ἤϑ a Functtonary a of the Gernan Iabor Meuenent.” Of). AUCHVITZ, a weaver ἐπ. | the past, was ἃ menber of the Soctal-Denooratto: Party of — fernany fron 1898 t9° 1946, and was a.déeputy of the Retohstag | - for a number of years, He writes in his book: “Let the -_ young. generation draw. lessons frow history.and realize: the. strong Zabor povenent carries in tts. aaetivities. α responst~ [7 btlity, not only to its own olags, but, nord than that « to "the entire nation, ta the ertire mankind, The fact that it τ ts so te proven by history of the German labor movement. -- = - ἢ Bad ἐξ been united in the strugglé against fascism, HITLER - “would never have beén able to cone. to power. Without HILLIER . oe there would be πο αν, end milltons of young people throughout. . τὸς ‘the world would not have to go to their death for the sake ΝΕ πο τον Ὁ erimtnals seized ny negalonenia,, for the sake of “τ κ tnperialists and nonopolists.” | oe
. During the May events of 1959 tn France, when reaction wanted to bury the republic with one blow, and to * establish a fasetst regife, all the stnoere democrats ᾿ porticularly. felt the necessity fora unity of action.
" τῷ
.» we ᾿ ~ - . Ἰ x S O i -
"ZI Nave been a πιοηιδᾶτ' of the Socialis$ Party: for 30 yeara, " stated then a prominent leader of the Soctalisé Party, . TANGUI“PRIJEAN (phon.), “and I an firmly convinced that defense of the republic requires a. united and resolute: action of all the vorking masses of the countries.”
- af Ε]
ὉΠ the oontrary, strengthened due to such ooopemtion, Thie -
was aduttted nt the tine even by the leaders of thé Socialist
Party who; Jater, yielding to the pressure of the righttiet
elements, bégan to refuse to cooperate ioith connunisto. Due
to unity, both parties - Comnuniat and Socialist = achieved
ον great suoceases in the electiona,. Unity pernitted then to
achieve after the war the adoption of the Constitution based. -- - upon denocratic principles. The ΟΥ̓ ΗΟ 618838 of Italy gained most of all fron this cooperation,
- 4 | Another favorite argunent of the opponents of unity ἐδ α dlain that, allegedly, there i3 nothing in connon bétween the Soctal-Denodrate and gonnunten, "There 18 nothing in. common between socialisn and connunisn...” wag. literdliy stated in. the resolution. adopted by the Burgau of. . the Soetaliet International on April τς, 1956, in dnawer to - τ᾿ ' an appeal of the 20th Congress of ‘the @.Psy SU, for dooperdtton. — -
However, the foigseness of this. theats ts révealied
by objective witnesses from Gmong those very soctalists,
Lhus, the proninent theordtician af the Labor Party of England, Professor Dzh. COWL (phon.), after publication of | the declaration of the Soctelist International, wrote: ΚΙ do not argue that there are serious and profound differences between doctrihes maintained by social ist-denocratia and Jaber parties, members of the Sociaelts¢ Internattonal, and
- the. doctrines mdintained by the comnuniet parties... but tt mould be ἃ pure nonsense to state that there ts nothing in Connon between these tvo groups2" - . -
: And further, Professor COWL ἀδποπδέτα 8 that the
” utews of comnuntsts and sootalists coincide Qt least on .
- four points: (2) gonnon for conaunists and soctalists ta conviction that the most important nean’ of production . Should be a coliective property and should be utilized in. the thterests of society da α whole, te Gey that canitalien
.*
cooperadéttoa
Ἀ
should. be replaced by socialisn;} (2) both of them strive for ‘creation of a sootety where there will be a. high degree of propperity, with the broadést opportunities for education, health protection, social seourity, ete; (3) they agree _ that no one has the right to live at the expense -of Iabor of other peoplé, ὃν δι, that there should be no exploitation; - (4) both connunists and soclalists are convinced that the
pealization of the task of huilding of @ new sociéty falls upon the. working. class. | ΜΝ otety salts |
"A posstbhtltty for cooperation; in spite of tdeologtcal differdéncesy +5. adnjtited also by some leaders of the. French Soctaltst Party. A menber of the Directing Gonmittée. of the party, ALBER? ΦΑΖΙ͂ΕΒ (phon.), wrote in
2955, after a visti to the Soutet Union: “Basie differences
| tutd: ng Bolshevist sociclisn from society for which deno~
oratic sogialzism ts striving, should in no way prevent us
from striving for closér relations between the peoples for
peaecful coexistence and for international cooperation,” ΠΝ
> Phere-i9 πὸ doubt;. that al] these 8ἃ ἐδτιθ ἐδ. reflect. the opthion of nunérous. members of the socialist partics who pondér over thé fate of the iaqbor novenent.
Communists will nécessarily denang for ‘themselves
a leading role in every joint denonstration; they WELL dictate and prescribe, state further the opponents of UnTECY > :
| Experience tells, hewevers. of other things, The — ΝΕ practtee of a realization of a united front ta. Tialy tteglp at and in other countries. indicates that connunists ore a sineerély trying to understand the point of view of παν " allies and that théy are partners vorthy of trusts Connunists | are far fron tluaya striving to appear as. sole initiators and leadera of joint actions, while ali that rencins for | socialists, ἐδ to follow behind them. Gonnunists are ready. to support any reasonable proposal of any socjal~denocratic: organization, provided ἐδ. ἐδ: tn Line with the interests off .-. the working people. Often in the elegtions communists Buen. . renounce thé. advancerent of their oon candidates tn individual districts in favor of socialists, tn order to jointly defeat
v
the representatives of reacttonary. parttes. . Connuiists offer to vork out jointly a platforn for Ry, ἐδ present it for the judgment of menbership —<«— -
2
᾿παδϑὲβ and Jointly to farnula te. the denands whieh wtil eet. "
. - ᾿ wi Qin.
- would not Atnder it.
with the greatest nass support. It +8 quite obutous that socialists have a full opportunity to verify the sincerity of coumunists in. fagt, by Gecepting their proposal, on untt of acttonse ΞΕ ΞΕ : “ὋΝ
4
When the opponents of unity exhaust thetr arguments, . | : Py de ing that, after the viotory of the united front, connuntsts would. |
they start to frighten. the ronk and -file socteliata -by say
- allegedly carry .out reprisals against socialists. They Ὁ 1: - ab this tine the fate of: Lusatan Henshevika, But we muat. renember historical condittons in Russie at that -tines af.
“
te
ali, pafority of Menshevike forked a bloc with the White. _.
Guards and supported an arned struggle against the Soutes | Governtionts, | - et | + Ina different historicol situation, things . developed in @ different way; In the Lupopean peonie‘s denocracies, the basté nass of nenbers: of the spelalist ‘partiés jotned the ranka of the untted-parties of the _
- working class, while many of their fomer leaders are - pcoupytng. inportant goverhnmeht posta. — . _
. In. the present sttuation, whén mnoré favorable
' gondtttons for-victory pf the working. clase have been . established, coumuntats and sogidlists can fully reach an agreément, riot only inSthe struggle against. the threat of war aud in défense of denacracy, but, likewise, tn the. joint struggle for socialism. In countries, where hiator? developed sociaqi~denocratioc parties are active, connuntsta
are 'interestéd in having those parttés not éniy in taking part. in he wining of power by the working claas, but als tn taking upon thenselSe8%bY effort in oreating of socidlt
end in beconing nenbers of soctaliat goveriments.
in this way, not a single one of the argumen%s against. unity of cations of doxmunists and sdaialists hold water... Mo insurmountable obataeles to their coopei tion - extate' Unity ts Ideking not δορά δα there 79 nothing tn connon between socialist’ ahd corimuniets and not, because connuntats threaten reprisals dgainst sqeialists; They could ecastly find corinon language if cepttaliat reaction
+
cal Ly-
9:
on
8.1
ter
as ΒΞ το Ν εκ .. τς .- τ τ ----.ο-.-----.-.----΄----ς-ς-ςςς--ς------ς-ς--ς--.- ὁ. - : - . - - = - - 2 1 . t " a . ἄὰ: ᾿ = ‘ δ . - % * - ". wf 2 - Fa ' Μ . b . ‘ - : Ξ ‘ 7 r - ᾿ . .
| Anttoornunisn - the Slogan of Reactionary Dissenters. A true notive guiding nany leading figures of the Soctalisé ~— international tsa thetr anttoonmuntan, Jt is not-at α1 the * '.natter of thetr being refornists and therefore being unable to cooperate with connunists; representatives of the revolu- tionary ideology. -
fefornists who sertously strive for at least snali
reforns benefiting workers, understand that, for achieving succéss, joint efforts of all the laber organizations are- necessary, Lovevers they are usually held hack by diysenting die~hards whe chose the preservation of dtscord tn the Iabor movenent ag thetr occupation. This proved to he a highly profitable occupation tn d modern bourgéois soctety for the nore adroit career men out of a nunber of Jeaders of refornist labor untons and social~denocratic — parties, Spectalists tn this trade (such as UEAVY and BRORW in Amertoa; SPAAK tn Belgium, GUY UOLLET tn France, POLLACK in Austria, and ΦΑΜΕΝ tn Finland) adapted ains of the notortous cold war to conditions of the labor movenent. They glways cane out under the flag of ant¢iconmnunian, although they know uéry well that this battered flag ta seruing, as tt had repeatedly: served already, the purposes of the bldckest reaction, striving to split fordes of every denocratto and socialist novenént and to srash it piece by piece. ᾿ ~ ; ᾿
In their hatred of conmunisn, they tn no way- lag . behind the nost hardened reactionaries out of the midat of the Goninant olasses, Blinded by thta hatred, they would sooner renounce defense of vital denands of thé vorking people rather than act together pith connunists, hen such apostles of anticonnunisn are confronted with a choice of either cooperating with connunists or permitting reactionaries to cone into Power, they, unhesitatingly give preference to the latter. "Batter DE GAULIS than the People's Frond," such was a postition of ἃ leader of the French Sootaltst Lartiy : GUY MOLLE? in. Lay of 1958, wheyi he becané a menber.of the σ΄ reactionary government alongside. ον fasttat-like 6169 ϑε
Fortunately, there are not so nany inveterate enenies of untty in the labor movement that. they could not be tsolated. But so far, they have heen sititng firmly upon the shoulders of the refornist novenent, because reactionary bourgeotstie supports then will alt ite poner. . -
- 1»
— al
a opposing: the extrene réaction, as well as οι τ 8 8.
A aonparison of activities of dissentérs with the policy of the ruling atreles of bourgeoisie; olcarly exposes the mainsprings of their behavior. Ιὐ 18 not difficult to
_ ~nobtoe thet right-wing sodialists transfer to the labor nove~
nent the very same méthods which inperiaitst ctreles apply
1 .
_ tn thetr struggle againat the USER and the ὀπείτθ soc {alist κι - Ganp. Aggrésstve ciralés inspire the cold war agains | UGESKR and leaders af the Sactalist International unleash tt
the
inside the labor movement. JInneriglists appeal for "Atlantic Solidarity" for thé. strugglé against conmuntsn, aid bight - ὁ
| wing leaders of gocicl-denoaracy appeal for the ane thing..
Colonial powers of the West adjure the oppressed péoplés of
the East to “wait! otth their ltheratton for the sake of Vuntty" “te the struggle against the: "threat of comnunisn” and right-wing. soctalist ledders done out, with- the denunoia-
tion of nattonal~Itberation tovenént of colonial peoples,
' even to the extent of employing erns, ca ἐδ was done during:
the Egyptian -crisis of 1956, by the Freneh Governnent headed. by α "sootaliat," GUY MOLLE. . | ! |
᾿ In short, propagandtaty of οοἱᾷ war in the Iabor τ. novenent apé'the éxponenta. of interests of aggressive” . inpertialts qe
them, the ruling cireles of tupertalistig states achieve the perpetuation of discord th the labor mevenént. Champions of anticonnunien, strictly spéakingy have no other platform save .. dissension; "reforas"” for then are only ‘props designed for deceiving the inézpertenged: people.’ - σ΄ τ
- Then ὁδτρ ἀδοσρέτοη, cones’ ove. into the ‘open, and ς
the masses begin to. turn away. fron. militant anticonnuni sts.
out of the. nunbér of soctal-dengcrats, the latter resort to- the roundabout maneuvers. ~ Host often; attenpts are. being:
madé- to portray social-dendcracy ds- sone sort of a “third . force.” Juggling words, right-ving leaders of the Sogialisé International assure that they feally do‘ not take any sides in international affairs. and plidy a, part of an-arbitrator © between West and East, They allegedly foliov the same " | *- independent "Riddle course” in. the field of domestic policy, ὁ.
a However, those: who keep‘ on talking of the "third foree;" deceive wtther themselves, or others. Ἃ "middle" course betecen bourgeotste and proletariat, béetosen- reaction
and democracy, actially dogs not ertat. Right-wing social~
denoGrats clearly prove this, practically. cooperating with
sd 12 - »
ὁ bourgeotste tn. the ranks of the workers. Thiough ἡ Ἢ
ΤᾺ
- -΄ - - . ΄ - ν᾿ amy ar - » a] “αὖ “τ. mit 2 o47/ - Tt 4 , τὰ aM . o . . “ ν - - - - . " a - , * -- - 4 - , - . , - wo * x , Ν ΄ - - ᾿ " . ' * - ᾿ - . - - a - - - “ας - ν .
reactionary oireles.of bourgeoisie. Hest of the adherents —
‘of the "third force,” sooner of later, cone to a pecogn} tion . Of necessity for untty of actions with. connunists, Thus,
confirned. once ore are worda of V. I, ISNIN to the effect that in a policy of choosing between capitailista and the. working class, tt is impossible to dvaid the fact that any.
attenpt to form sonéthing in the middle results tn evem -- “ὦ
copletely strcere people sliding down to one-or the other. | “ Ἐ , - ᾿
. δ(ῥαδς
tApostles of the “third force” attempt to flirt ς΄
both with. workers and capitalists, ΤῸ the fipat they promise _.
to fight capitadisn, and to the second ~ to; proteat then fran connuntsm. On this busis, they demand nev "credits" from: . both. But, in opening “oredtt' for right-wing. soctal~ — -*.- -
dengorate, capitalists demand that ‘they work it off on the |
spots by increasing attacka upon. connunisn, The working. —- e1ass, on the contrary, expeota intensification of atruggle
against the arbitrary ruld of captidiist nonepoltes. “ And. _ 'ginoe. polttjoal speculators are unable. to met paynenta on
tvo prontssory notes at the sane tings they aye caught in: . insuvitable bankruptcy. It ts not ccaidental that theoriés "
of the "third force” have noé found a broad fesponse. in the:
_ messes and they are nenttoned leas and tesa. frequently. .
͵ .
ἐδ θη 6 58. in the ranks of the labor movenent = ee!
enjoy the broad support on. the part of capitalistie mono-
poltes and gavernnent, Renunerative positions are given to the most. active right-wing soctal-dencocrots, - . For CTANRDLC s
᾿ς 410 Jedding nenbers. of the. Sootal-Derocraéie Party of
Germany dcoupy 929 highly-renunerative postitons in Jafgé - Fest Geraan. firms and bonks, Sixty-five: socialist leaders — are diréctors in VANKESHAN,; ELECKWER, .KRUPP, FLICK and other
eonoerns, Salaries of these directors reach 100150, 090.
tarks @ year, Among 600 directors of nationalized, enter~
ΒΕ prises in, Abatria, 400 cre nenbers of the Socialist Party.
satisfy certain danands of ‘the workers;
ες Leelve out of twenty-five menbers.of this party's board, are . ~
dtrectors and managers of state and-private enterprises,
each one recetving up. to 500,000 séhtliings α΄ year. BENEDICT KAUTSKY (son of KARL EAUTSEY)-, tdeologist and autkor of the: progran of the Socialtat Party of Austria, holds positions Of an assistant of: the genéral director of-a great hank. Ε Créditanachals” (phone), that of nenber of. the observation
_{ste) council of the "Elin" firm, and of the general council of the Austrian National Bank. - a μ
| When right-wing sovialist leaders béecone menbers ~ of governments; ronopoly capttalr pérnits then sonetines. to. Batt large nonopolies,: when they have no other way out anyway, because of the —
‘pressure from workers, nake concessions but in such α ‘way
as t6 strengthen positions of socialists. against Communists. |»
At the first suitable opportunity, they-compensate thenselves
κ᾽
| Ghrough praising: prices or in some other ways, . The sone Ὁ _
r cu
‘“actlos are fpolloved by capitalist cirglea tn éncouraging —
labor unions which ape under the influence of right-wing social-denocrats and perscouting left-wing iabor unions. - We know, for instance, thot US Departaent of Ἰαΐθ has widely .
ΕΝ used a reactionary top<level Jeadership of Anérican: IAD0r - -
reactionary bourgeoisie and tts agents in the labor novenente| . “fhe -struggle for unity of .actton of the working class is an
-cannos be achtéved. solely by néans of negotiations and agreé=
untona for splitting the international labor novenent,
° , < 7 “ὦ 5... 4 ᾿ . : - That te why unity of actions of the working Ο]α 58. τ ments. Σὲ denands active struggle against the intrigues of:
tuportant and integral part of the entire atruggle of workers
against monopoly capital and tupertalism, ~ εν , ᾿
Τ ‘ τὰς Ta A - a ~ 14 ὦ : . -
1 -
᾿ “ - oe
3. he, Ways of Achieving Unity of Actions of the Labor
Ho venent
Jorking Zasses. Want Unity. Despite the dtesenston. activities of the pight-wingers, a. trand toward unity ts. growing attong the borkjng nasseg, This ἐξ expressed tr the nost diverse forme, For ezanple, at many enterprises of France, Italy, England, felgtum,, and other countries, when a strike is in preparation, α11 the workers willingly respond to an appeal for a joint aotion: united strike connittecs
are forned which tnolude.connunists, socialists, Catholics.
The sane thing te denonstrated by numerous instances, when
- socialiat workers, contrary to injunctions of thetr party's Jeadership, vote tn selections for connunist candidates.
A striving for unity increases, 43 consequences of the present dangerous poliey of tnpericlist governments reveal thenselves. Alafn and concern are tnercastng onong soctalist workers« This conpels the ieaders of socjal-denooratic | partjes to maneuver and rpaaart to vartous tricks, and sonetines
atréectly to yield to the demands of rank and file. anciagliats.
English Labor Party, soctal-dénocratié, parties ΟΡ. West Gernany and of. Scandinavian countries, socialists of Japan and of other Agtatic countries denounced the Anglo~ Franco-Israelt aggresston against Egypt. They cane out like= © wise with a denunciation of tnperialist aggrésston in Iebanon. end Jordan in 1958, Gernan sccicl-denocrats protested against earning of the Rundesvehr with atomic weapons, In March, 1959, they cane out with thetr plan for a solution of the Gerngn
problem, Which, despite inconsistencies and vartous reser~_ . Yations contained therein, represents a considerable contri=
button to the general Gernan. discussion on. the nethods for | unifioation of the country, The Fifth Congress of the “ Soctaltst Internattonal (July, 1957) again expressed ttseZf tn fauor of the adnisston of the Chinese People's Republic to the UN. At thé séaston of the couhetl of the international, tn June, 1958, ἃ dendnd was advanced for halting of the nuclear tests and calling of ἃ sunmit conference,
: Of course, there has always. been a great gap between the words and deeds of the leaders of the Soctaltat Inter- τ national. evertheleas, these resolutions reflect tie - sentinents of rank and file sodtal~denqorats. Certain ohanges occurring in the social-denocratic movement, factlitate the achieverent of the unity of actions betocen the working: people ' although right-wing leaders of sooial-denocracy still oppose this.
᾿ ᾿ ~~ ΜΙ -
ὌΝ QQ
Pa
the greatest expertende of cbliaboratian between Conknuniste and socialists has béen accunulated in the striiggie for the econonie interests of working people. Hzanples of united aotions in thts field extat in ndny capttaltst countries, Italian, French, Argentinian, Japanése workers, - Gs teil as. workers of other countries, achieved great Successés tn recent yéars when they carried on e@ strike struggle on the basis of joint and coordinatedg actions. A nunber of partictpants of strikes could be counted, By and large, in hundreds of thousands, in millions.
hoticeable suecéas in Italy, Japan, Finland, Chile, and sone other countries. jn thé course of strugzle against the vearnanent of German tnpertialtsn and for the outlawing of | atontie weapons, nany connuntet parties of capitalist countries have repéatedly cone out in concord with local orguhizations
of socialist parties.
_ Collaboration on political questions produced nost |
«Lhe exaertence of fruitful collaboration was acounulated in the first postapd decade hy both the Itclian , Comnunist and Italian Socialist Lartfes. From the monent-of Ξ Gonclusion of the 1984 pact, both parties cane out in concord on baste. questions of fordign and donestio policy and dealt © mony defeats to ‘the forces of reaction, Therefore, a uni~ lateral hreak-yp of the pact on unity of action, forced by | the right wing at the Congress of. the Socialtst Party in 10585. ἐδ obutously contrary to the uttdl demands and sentinents of rank and fide vienbers of this party. After all thas.
Italian aomuunists end socialiats went through together, the absence of cooperation betseen them can only, be tenporarye —
Collaboration of Tabor parties in Japan is being successfully set up after. the correction of sectarian errors | pernitted in this natter in the pest. By the beginning. of 1959, in 40 out of 46 prefectures of Japan, organs of coliaboration of the democratic forces were created, in which © communists, as well as socialists, take part. 4 goad - ezpertence of the inplenentation. of the policy of the. uxtted front has been accunulated in Chile. In the spring of 1956, the Connunist, the Soolaliat, the Popular Soctalist and other _Genocratic parties established hare the Popular Action Front.
Which holds strong posttions tn. parlianent and in the country.
The practice of implenentation of unity of action
from below gave birth in the postwar periad to a nunber o new organizational formss “internal coumtsatona” in Italian
m 16 =
to
- -enterprisea; "oomitiees of unity" in Frances "faottons. of trace~unton untéy” in Austria; "untty counctis” and: inter-_ unton dénnisstions in Brazti,; ete.
a 4 fhe struggle for unity of international labor
_ novenent entered a neu stage, efter the 20th Congress of: the ας P., &0, pointed. to new posstbilities opening tn this field, The coning out-of such an authoritative connunist party. as the G. Ῥι, SU, with an appeal por colidboration elicited α proad response. from, socicl-denooratic nasses, .
_ Soon, the Socialist International, yas conpelied:. to dtscuss the problen of rélattons with conninists. Blementsy interested in the frustration. of the unity-of actions ἐπ the. labor novénent throughout the pertod of cold wary
_ dictated ἃ negative résolution of the International; howevor, sone socialist parties established. thétr first contacts with the Ce Pay ST. 3
ΝΕ In-1956-58, the Central Comntitee of the Cs. Py, SU, Cane out with o new inttiattug, directing letters, appealing for united cottons in defense of peace, to the sootaliat- ὁ parties of Italy, France; Germany, Gréat Britain, Norway, -
- Dennayk, Belgium, Holland, and Austria, a
«Unfortunately, the. cause. of unity haa been. progressing slowly so far and not on the acale which the present internattonal situation denands, Survivals of thé - pést period, when relations between various contingeszts of the working class betamée greatiy straineds 8.811} nake then _ gélves. felt,. However, permanent factors which. are stronger
than. tutrigues of diasentérs act in favor of unity. The chief ore anong them is: thé.growing desire for unity among
a,
‘tnereasingly broader strata of workers.
} Corrent. Approach. Tovard Working Peonlé -- Soatalists., Of course, tt would be wrong to place’ ali hopes solely upon — spontaneous movenent of the naases: toward πεν AS the leading ongars of connuntat parties have. repeatedly pointed
out, much tn this case depends upon connunists themselves, upon nethods of carrying out a policy of τῆ δὰ adtions., ©
The first thing having a decisive importance tn thia matter 18 a correat approgeh toward socialist working | péople. Indignation of.connunists. at the facts of repeated — betrayal on the part of a nunber οἱ Jeaders of ϑρσία-. —
. Gsnocracy-ts understandable, bus 1% does not. justify che
- 17 =
i=
‘
listing ofall 80
claliats cs "agents of. inpertalisny"’-or —
refusal of contacts and friendly exchange of opinions. with, .
them. Indtserint
nate attacks upon all socialists oniy play cnto|
tht hands of the réal enemies of unity of the working olass,
| _ Dhe postwar pertod denonstrated that conpler ! processes. of differentiation are taking place inside the | soctal~denocrdtio mévéenent. Practically. in ail the sootdlist parties there are. nore or 1688 strong leftist tendencies,
Glthough formless events instdée the disagréenonts are
ee
In α nu
at tines, For exanple, tn the English ng @ny tuvortant change in the trend. of country or tn the tnternationdl arena;
prevented betocen loeal arganizations and.
_ the top leadership of the party.
nber of so¢idl-denocratic parties, the
nattvers reached the stage of α break-up into indépendent |. parties of the Jéft<wing and right-wing. scctalista (Italy, Japan, Augtria, India, Lebenon, and Israel), Later, soiie
of then, again united into one party, but dissensions between the right and deftuings haue not disappeared. A recent axanple of continued differentiation anong. spetclists vas -q — Spltté of the French Soctaltst Party, as a result of which: groups which broke off with GUY HOLLET created thetr oun
autononous party.
‘Practical experience; however, indicates that — - dissénsion antdst socialists and tsolation of the left wings
tn many cases, do dénooratic partie those who are dis
ποὺ produce changes in policy of sociaiq 8. Hany rank and file soctalists, even gotisfied with anticommunist tine of right=
wing leaders; de not want ἐδ teke such a. decisive step as
breaking offy δ80 vdlue ifs traditi this and continue ever, bankruptey end open the eyes igter, honest 506
"
banner of soctalt
quse: they ara used to thetr oun party and — ons, Right-wing leaders skilifiliy uztlize
to set the tone in sootaltst parties. Tow- of the polioy of anticonnuntsnm 9111. tn the 7 of rank and. file -soctalists. Sooner ΟἿ". jal~denocrats who preserve loyalty to ‘the én, will start thinking regarding the
necéssity for changing a policy, bourgeois. in its character,
carried out by ez temouing these 6 case, the tranatt political positio working class, τὰ
‘doubtieasly t3 th
treme right-uing elements and, subsequently, fer lements from party leadership. In suck a
ton of a social-denooratie party to new
ns, in line with the interests of the
ἡ be aocompliahed without a break-up; which
e best possible solution. Ν
-»- Ὁ
- 8 « -
However it may be, all this ta an intemal affair - Of the soctalist-denocratio parties; which. they will ‘have to _ decide for thenselves. a ΕΣ ΕΣ
τ
' Lefé wing of soctalists nay play tts. role tn thé overcoming of dissension in the labor movement, under ail “ ᾿ ovrcunstances, Left-wyig Soetalists often exhibit political. | pniconsistency} ‘bets, πὶ tr Gny case, they are ἃ uost progressive - section of social-denocracy, At the present moment, their - ‘postttora on may. opuctazd proklens of intepnal and foreign - policy are tn line with the tntereste of the.working people. - .. , Aany leftists understand the harn of discord and necessity — . 0.) 0 untty of aotiona of the labor novenent. Οοπ ἰδ. oe pirties are now atriving to hélp: then to get free of prex 2 - Judtdes, implanted by: anticommunjat dissenters. By their an self-denying struggle against the war threaty by defense of - | - ὑπὸ vital interests. of the working peonle, as well as of the | middle classes which nost often conprise the bulwark of .- — social-denosracy; by their readiness to support initiative of any Socialist capable of benefiting the working class; by. fionest fulfillment of duties stenning ows of collaboratton; “. . by Α11 this, communiata. clearly prove that they are reliable friends and aliiés. | : st ,
" | Thus, precoiditions for a colldboration between | connuntists and the aipeles of the Sogtal-denocratic moverient. . τς whieh realized the necesaity for the unity of ddtions, have | ΝΝ fully natured. That ts why words of Comrade il. Ga KURUSHCHEY Boo. with which he addressed the socialist working people from — ee the rostrun of the 32st Congress of thé 0. Pe, SU,;-sound 80. _ urgently: "The tire has cone for representatives of 411 _. ‘pends in the labor novenent, throbing out all the tricksters of anticonuunisn, to stt down at one table and work out a - nutuglly acceptable platforn for joint detions of the working ‘Glass in defense of tts interests, in defensé.of peaces” i
; At the sane tine, connunists are ready to pelegate-} _
to the secondary place the nost controversial questions, in |. order to achieve the unity of aotions jotth socialists. ᾿ Connunists parties adhere in this respect to tie old, but ΝΕ ΝΙΝ
- always true δοιποΐ28, of V. I, LENIN, which he gave as. far ) νος back wes 1922, when ἃ conference of three Internationals ~ | ;
of the Third, Second and "Séeoond and a Half’ uas anticipated.
‘LENIN, who took ah aotiue part in the preparation of con~
_ferenca, advised. the Komintern delegatjon to “bring out in. .. ‘Giscusstona only the least controversial. (questions - Editor), |
~~
= 19 - Ε ΄
considering aa the goal. an attenpt at partial but joint - | as long as.the hope of achieving the goal-was not lost."
actions_with ssoctal-denocrats, conzunists today, as well,
-- $6 seena to dissenters that by making a@ compronise, ἃ |
τς ¢9 labor unity in different countries have their oun pequliari-~ -
actions of the working nasses,"” He recomnended "our dele-_ gates ata preliminary conference to δὲ !siper-restrained, Τ
For the sake of the gétablishnent of unity of -
do not renounce conprontses or necésesary concessions, True, comnuntst compromises hinself, They have enough political boldness only for persevering in a posttion they hold; regard= Ο τ’ 2688 of conditions or requirenents of the moment.- However, ~ - .! the one..whos~gn the name of such a great cause as unity of
“the labor movenént, ts not afraid to make a necessary con= . Cesston, to-méet ἃ future ally halfuay, te bold ina Leninisé- WAY ᾿ ΝΞ ΝΞ - - -
| LENIN Gonpared .sootal~democratio parties with a - + closed quarters, where agents of bourgeoisie.are carrying ~
on their propaganda. before a rather cropded worker's neetinge
Shottld codamunists, asked LAVIN; pay for an adnission to. this ΝΞ
᾿αἰα 678, in order to obtain an opportunity to have their
say before. the &érkers bho up to that time were under an ᾿ ΕΣ exzclusiue tnfluenee-of the reformists? And hé replted, that - |
‘££ would be @ great mistake to refuse any conditions or any ᾿ paynent in order to penetrate into. this, rather strongly “guarded and locked quarters, -"Communists must not stew tn
their own juice,” taught LEVIN, " but learn to act in such a way as to penetrate into the locked quarters where representa~ 7
fives of bourgeotsia tnfluende the workers, without being
" afratd to make certain acerifiaes and uithout being afraid of nistakes, inevitable at the beginning of any new and *
‘diffieult task, Communists, who would not want to. ‘understand .
a .
this and would not want to learn this, cannot hope to acquire ,
ἃ majority among workers ««..”
Every country has 148 own dondtétons of struggles . its. own traditions of Idbor movement, The roads which dead - os
ttes, In somé conditions, unity may be achieved in the Ὁ course of an election campaign; in. others, in the course of a struggle for labor and soctal rights; im 9111 others; in. conducting a Ganpatgn for dtsarnanent, eto, One of the pring cipal conditions. for success of communist parties in ‘thet? ‘struggle for a united front, ts a sktil in finding and selecting a. special pretext, a special event which, ἐπ a given country, can lead to collaboration of all trends in the labor movenent,
by the shortest possiblé route« | = 20 =
|
PRAMS HE ΧΟ σεν oy 4
February 22, 1960 > Cth.
PRANSLATION FROW. RUSSTAN
FOUNDATION OF LENINISH τ | Ghapter 14 :
_ (Continued)
Ideological disagreenents ard not an obstccle to
collaboration, Would not α collaboration: between communists
and soctaljats who tweclize the necesstty for unity be
᾿ς Windered py the tdéolegteai discgreenents betueen then?
For, while agreefkng with cdnnunists on Rany points tn the evaluation of the present. tasks of the working class, socialists disagree. with then on baste questions of soctal developement, such as, first of all; a rectpgnition of the necessity for the overthrowing of the power of capitalists ond establisinent of a dictatorship of the worktng eless — in a tranaitional pertod. In striving to frustrate the unity of actions, the right-wingers usually point. at this oe an tnagurnountable obstécle to oallaborati ons is this rue? ἐς ΝΝ
v . |. Gonsiunists donot oish at all to mininige on tgnore the existing tdeological differences, While offéring. : unitys conmunists do not conceal thet they do not intend to renounce either thetr prinoiples..or thetr political
-personalitys By the wayy neither do they demand thie fron °: --.
Soctalsdenocrats; believing that practical cooperation *
. Of labor parties ih baurgeots. eduntries can be erreanged
vithout renouncing of prindipless- ~~ - -
πος Οὗ Φουρϑθ, 1% is generally tripossible to discuss any tdeologtical differences with bitter enenies of Iabor untty and inspirers of anticonnunismy Anticonnunisn, does ὁ moe contein even a grain of construgtiue policy for a ~
dabon partys Jikewtae, it has πὸ positive ideological content whatasdever; ideology of refornism by which tt - govers itself is no more than a camouflage, Actually;
Chenozvons of enticomnuntsn have. eYen lost the rigrt to ὃ
culled reformista, Wiet sort of refornists are they, when.
for the sake of breaking up of collaboration with connuntst porties; they sacrifice vital interests ‘of the working people?
Every honest soctal-denoerat, at lécat thinks that he is _ fighting for the interestsof the working peoples he, will
not scorn glites th this struggle. Nowever, anticonruntsts. Garé not refornists at all, bus avowed enentes of the labor MOVERERTE « : &
- 91] ‘i
"oe Τὸ ts obutous that“oomaunists will never find α΄ ΝΕ εν τ common Longuage ‘with this kind of peopléy but it ts an | ; entirely different uatter where honést adherents of | oe refornisn who sincerely strive for progresstze ‘soctal change are concerned. . : .
=
- , There are basic differences betwéen Karztst < . - | Lentnitat interpretation of sogialtsn and its interpretation - Ξ by the reforntsts. Conmunists have ertticiged and wtii .
continue to oritictse a mistaken position of the refornists
on problems of a ¢lags struggle, proletarian pévolution,
Gnd dictatorship of the proletariat. Pointing out the example
of α suecessful building of socialism in the USSR. and people's
democracies, connunists 0111 keep on trying ‘to convince ᾿ , . Soctalist workers of the goundness of the road ἐὸ soctalisn .
which te based upon Marzisn = Lentnism.. Soe
| | Bue tt is already possible to, find comnon elenents | . tm soctalist conceptions. aenang connuni sas and: sincere : - sodial-democrats which open the way to a.joint struggle for the fundamental ideals of the working class. For, , both of then gocioalisn, means, first. Of all, the establishnent of public ownership in the. baste meang of producttan. Τὸ | OT
tS Gn -axign for connuntsts, but the same goal is prociaimed, 6Θ’
“also in the official platforms’ of ἃ number of socialist :
| parties. It is stated in.the "Declaration of Principles" |
. Of the French Soctalist Party that thts party “atns to . _ carry out the replacenent of ἃ systen of edpitalist oun- ok ershtp by ἃ system under which natural resourcesy. which - ον ἢ Gre means of preductton and exchenge, ὩΪΖῚ -Βόσοιθ the - - ‘property of a collective and when, consequently, classes . -᾿ will be abolished, Oe -"" ΝΣ
~
3 What then keeps’ the French sodialisté, at any rate _ the ones who take this. plonk in a platform aertously, fron Collaborating with coanunists in the struggle for replace~ ~- ment of a system of capitalist private property by a system where publie property bill doninate? Could net, for instance, communists and socialists jointly auppopt -the ᾿ς Gemand of the working masses. for nationalization of — proverty of monopolies? ΝΕ _ ΝΙΝ
ἔ Of course, connunists. and soctalists interpret Un-dtfferent ways the possibility of a peaceful troensition ‘to sociGigan, but, undoubtedly, there appeared many points _ 4n thio. question ‘on which they agree. They can successfully opdiaborate wherever favorable prerequisites for such a- ~° | -tranaition dguélop. And the noré unifted thé labor movement - Will be, the more practicable will be a peateful trensition
“"-
0 soctuliam tn a number of- countries,
« 22 ο
SE ὁ a. iid + = τὸ -» & QO | : | -ι ἐ
A broad nutual understunding may be cchtiéved between. communists and socialists tn this struggle for reforms alleviating the situation of working people in edpitalist countries. Connunists differ vith socialists tn the evaluation of these reforns. For nary soctal~ Genocratssreforns are the only possible way to socialism. Today, they reason, the state ta darrying out vartous measures — on regulatton.of national econonyy fomarrou = néasures for soctal security (penstons, éte,)} ἐπ this udy, tn the opinion Of the rofornists, the tnitroductton of soctalisn 85. beginning already within the franework. of a bourgeots society. — _ According to their tdeas, socialism i8 being introduced into capitalist &eciety piecemeal, Sone day, they hope, r% will be posstike to "reforn" capttdlian fully and transforn it into socialisn. of - . ;
| Conninists consider this baste reformist concept. fundamentally erroneous. They do not deny that tt 49 a possible ta obtain tndtvutidual reforms in fovor of working oy people. from a capitalist state even when it is. in. the service pf monopoltess Homevery concessions which it [8 possible to wrest from a capitalist state are far from betng Socialisn, After all, the clos character of ἃ capttalist state ts being preseruéds tt. hag been end ἰδ stjil remains a tool in the hands of cavtitaltat monovdltess. it does not . just happen that no sooner the pressure of the nasges., SOR vedkens;. ~ the state tekes all ita doncessionsa back or - .Ν adapts them fo.the needa of nonopoltes, so that only. ἃ nenory rerdains of their original aharacter,
. . eh arder to δέον the huilding of socialism, it ᾿ 28 necessary αὐ firat to take cwuey the power fron the ΠΝ dominant nonopdlties and παπᾶ it over to the working peotle;
suck 78. @ profound conviction of comnunists tested by ἢ lengthy experience of international Zabor noverients
At the.sdne tine, communists ore noté at qld Ὁ the opponents of reformss ‘They only deny that a gradual outgrowing of cepitalisn. into @octalisn ts possible by Ὁ ~ means of reforns. Αϑ the scen@ tine, comaunists offer soatal= ᾿ ists broad gollabration in thie struggle for all types
of reforns improving working and living conditions far
the warking peoplé, for a nationalization of property ὁ δ᾽ nonepoltes;, thprovement of the social securtty system, " the broadening of Iabor-unton and denaerctic rights, strengthens θα εν). of the guargntees of a universal peace, etc, And
the hroader a unity of aettons and gollahboratton of vartoue trends of the labor movenent wilil be, the easter will tt be
to wrest from monopolies and thetr stcte condessions strengthening
“238 «
9 +
the fighting abtlity of the working class,
Necessity for a patient, friendly explanatton. - Connuntsts believe tt thetr duty to fight for the overconing of refornist tdcology by which the rightewing dtasenters in the. dabor novenent canouflegée thenselues. But the overconing of the ideas of reformisn is not a simple task. Connuntsts see behind the refornist theortes not only _ .
'rror hut also a play on the true asplictions of the masoéae
Observing a tremendous dtffenence between the conditions of their life and the ΤΡ of a privileged bop level of society, encountering tnstences of the arbitreriness of police and infringenent of the rights of the working nan; the nogees are spontdnegusaly striving °
toward a denocratie systen; toward Bodial equality. But often -
they do not see practical ways toward a nev, truly. dénoctatic, life. Over nany working people heng tllusions of bourgeois democracy, particularly strong in the ¢ountries of Western Europe dnd in the U. Gs A. Many vorkers cre seeking some | - easy way to socialisn, without the struggle and collision + of classes, without a radical break-up of a chsteonary way, " of tife. Ideologists of reforntam take aducntage of
all this and slip in thetr theortes ohich retard the developenent of class consciousness of the working people.
¥Wé also have to keep in nind that during recent . decades, the social congzosition of nany socigl«dénocrctic parties has considerably changed. There are fewer and
fewer borkers tn their ranks ond more and nore people fron
smoll=bourgeots strata, whtte collar workers cnd dbourgeais tntelleotucls; thus, in the French Soctalist Party the workers make up no moré than α quarter of menbership.
But the ndin potnt ie that refornist théortes
enjoy the support of the ruling classes. Doupqeotsie
ts not frightened by these theories, Often ἐξ even πος readily allows their propegandas it praises then, on the pages of its bress, while communists cre subjected to bacgertng and persecutions for thetr opinions, Zhe .
Tultng classes are not gpraid to let tdeologtsts of refornisn to hold government positions, while théy drive
coununtats from there at the first opportunity. Moreover, im sone »laces, bourgéotaie allows gocial-denocrats to carry out their "socwilist" experinents, which do not involve the foundattons of its cless. domination, and in . some cases, they even: strengthen them,a.pporting refornist
tilustons among the messes.ct the same tine.
nn
- 4 «
-
in order to overcone the reformist ideology, a
ye repetition of our own slogans alone ἐξ not enough; . hethods of patient persuasion ond friendly axchangeée
.
Of opinions are needed. A didactical tone, intolercnt of any objections, and a superctlious and, moreover, ἃ
τ ecornful attitud
should lqué a character of cn actual strugg2 - and not of an ezchange of narle-callings, ὁ
Ro ᾿ While working anong the nagaes of 80 | workera, connuntsts expose the errar of reso | “denocratic sociealian, " éte.), contrasting ¢
victories. By means of open discussions in
¢ toward convictions of q socizl-denocratic vorker are tnddajssthlé in this work. A pepate with Socialists
¢ of opinions. cial denocratic rntst theories
@ historical the press and
in Conversations with soctaltat workers, COntUnIs δὰ 50} dissipate thetr anticonaunist . prejudtees and dehonatrate
7 | that prtneiplés of Larzisn-Leninisn odtncide _ uitel interests of the vorking people.
with the
a - | Ip exposing the real servants of ynperialiat τ τ baurgeotsie, connunists are peady: to codperate with any . one ἐπ the ranks of the: Socjal-denoeratic moverient who
τ . Sincerely strives to end with eanitalisn and
Εν
people, for péace, ἀοποοταον, and soctalisn,
wants to
fight for the inprovenent of the situation of thé working |
“aH
, . ig ta. ἠδ a sctenti-~- ' fle socialion of MARX=LENTH which won verld-vtd
4
“untted labor fronts: they arg striving. for a unification
. ἢ
Connunt st. porttéa are fighting not only for the.
of the broader strata of the peoples The. labor unity should]: serve es a foundation for the untty of a broad democratic — movement, - ;
Hever in the past were there. " such favoradlé
_ prerequisites for the jotné actions of the working ¢lass .
with the most varied strata. of-the populations . In the present state of the genéral orists of capitalien, ds hag heen painted out in.-Chapter 10, . a conflict between ἃ. narrow graup of monopolies and the renadining classes ang strata of the population θα peconing. trcreasingly nore
᾿ς Fevealed side by side. with the basic class antagonian-—
between labor and capital. Thé-ftrther goes the oppression
. by monopoly: capital and a. subjection of the state to
tt, the broader and nore dtuersifted are the forces.
which té-tunns dgdinst itself. Monopoly cepttal is carry-
‘tng out an attack agatnst the tntereats not only of workers. and peasants but 180 against interests of the middle strata of the populatton and even cgatnst. certatn sections - | of dourgeotsté., Not only thé dtredt interésts of ali these. strata but likewtse the most tnportant natlonal interests . .
are under this threat.. Republicans, patriots, .pecifists = |
oli those who remain true to the vpadittona. of democracy” -
il c
ond: national freedon ~ expériénce sertous concern in connection
εὐ ἀπ the growing tendenctes toward..a reactionary dictator~ > .
| ship of monopolies and. the, growth of danger Of & new wars
. hus, @ connon interest is révealed among different social strata whitch may serve as an objective foundation for thetr joint actions against. the dorinancé of monopoly. capital, At the sane time, the situation oftena develops im auch a way. that soctal forces which tn the. past: preferred to ἀοὲ separately, find thanselves facing an abjeétive - : nécesatty for uniting for the Cefenee of comnon interests:
of the peaple. εν πτ τ το ᾿
_ αὶ Merwvist.~Leninis# party of the working class ts called_upon to δὲ a vanguard of such democretic unity: Aq standard-béorers of.the struggle for peace and. democracy, — Connuntst parties. in capttalist oountries ard striving to” - merch in the front ranks of the common notional front. ἘΝ ἀροΐηϑ reactionary poltey of monopoly oapitel and imperialism. —
r oe ω - - Ξ Ζ
τς 36 =
an
A policy of conmuntat parties directéd toward the π|Ὁ establtshnent of the unity of ections and ¢ollaboretion = | |/- ith all. the nettional and denocrdtic forces tx a policy of democratic. πε democratic, because unification of all “the strata of the people takes places first of oll; around tha democratic, demcnds and slogans. This, of COUTSE, does: ποΐ méan that a foundation for α *rotd untty of° the .- : oo, | people disappears after the solution of democratic problenss AS we hove alraady. seer, socialist reforning of society | in our era corresponds to the vital interests of increasyngly © brodder strata of the population. Therefore, ¢ poligy of © ‘democratic untty algo has ds its purpose the draving of
these strata into a Solution of soctalist prodlenay. - ͵
. However, the read toward €his lies through organtzation
of the struggle of the masses for ὁ. genéral denoérasic ὌΝ demands and natertal interests ὁ ἢ. the working. péeple.
_ Buying. the postwar pertod, -a a broad: expertence of . Joint action by various strate of the population on the platform of democratic demand has been accumulated. “Phe most utuid éranple 8 a universal movemént in defenac . of ‘peace. International drive for the ben of atanic -borhj, for the termination of tests of thernonneleda | weapons, . . t9 ἃ clear testino-rty to the fact that achtevenent Ὁ doop- ~~ eration between the nost varted ϑοςῖὰ trends Ln organizations, -
νότος $neluding these. remote fron conmunt any ts entirely poagthle. oe Τὴ .colontal and dependent cbuntrtesy Gonnynists . ἢ _ fight. for the establishnent of ἃ broad antisinpertaltst Gnd awet feudal front. oot ‘
TRANSLATION FROM RUSSIAN yt ROUHPATIONS: OF MARXISHULENINISH
Chapter 24 (continued)
- . . What to rogquired of the vorkera! rarty. When objective oonditions for a unification of various strate
_ of the population against.the oppresston of monopolies: are, -betng ctueloped, the enphaste ta placed on the activities af the revolutionary party of the working clase itself, on tts —
ΘΚ 11} in finding a common Jangiage uith étfferent political
and. soctal organtzdtiona and movenentes The fighting and Ὁ ΄. organizational untty of thé people's forcea cannot be devdloped . spontancotaly, by ttaelfe - . τ
. ke have to take into conatderation thet it ta a very complicated matter t6 establish cooperation between " heterogenaous. δοοσία Ὁ forces many of witch are renote fron .Conninion and othéra dircetly infected. vith. ant¢iconnuniane Here we eome acrosa intrigues of reaotiony the vactliation | Of bourgeota and small-bourgegts groups, thetr attenpts to subordinate the entire novendnt exolusively ‘ta their own REGTARTE » : :
. a
my Hepertence of different countries germohatrated «that the following factors have the higheas. stgnificance for . the achievencnt of unity of aottois of the, denooratte foraéa? τος trond and. μη {θα Ἰὰ bor τιουθ 90) ts the chtef guarantees of achteving of such a unity of cettons. Mot. 11. uho fight today for paace and.denccracy are alliea of the . working olaas jn the exdot meaning of the words They take part in the struggle for peace and dencordey. but; when τὲ ἐδ α matter of perranent collaboration with the comnuntotay - they reveal vaotliation ang easily gucoumb to the thfluence of offtetal propagandde os -
dn order to eatedliah the unity of aedtona. with thts sort. of soejal forces, propaganda and agitation alone -~ . Gre πο enough Firat of ΟἹ, tt. ἐδ necessary that. the Jabor > νι Mévenont té9e2f wuld be atrong and organtned, that ἐδ would _ ᾿ς tnaptre aii the nattonal and democratic strata with the faith oe tn the ultinate vtotory of the peoples Secondly, the work= . tng olasdy can win the confidence and auppord of other classes - and strata only when tt wlll dafend thetr legttinave and juat
tnécrents a2 tts οὐδὲν
| _ The party of thé working olase has many va FRANSEATED BY: δ Ad οὶ : PAPEANA NIKONISHINiIen &** ° 38.» “-Hareh 2, 1960
- 3
doing this. I4 4a carrying on thé etruggie in parIianéne ;
for reforms dnd concesatona in favor of peasants, handi= ς΄ ~
ΥΩ δε ΔῊ, artisans, and middle business mene Τὸ attonttuely
gtudies the darands brought ous by peasant, radival, republican - .
ond other denogratic parties and supports ἐπ evéry posstdle
ed those tn ding wtth the tntercats-of the working people. tke payty supports -proposals of any peasant, democratic,
or padi fist leader tf they are in harmony with the expecta~
_ _vtone of tha working nesses ond are directed tovard: taorpus~ mend of their attuattone . | | |
..... fhe sbrengthentng of. fraternal relotiona with 4132. -
the working pdople, the winking anong than of a reputation
of the wost donatatent and vigorous defender of their interestg « liere te @ guarantee of victory of tha working Clase tn the struggle against the domination of reactionary
= τ
᾿ς bourgooistes
τ Corragt ot6tod of ap j ; ( . ᾿ The revolutionary party of the working olass cannot .denayid. - from tts potential allies that they collaborate ulth 7% ᾿ Solely on- tts ὁ Gonditionas, ἈΠ 0} Ὲ for a monent losing - _ fron view speatfie tntergsta and needs of the working olase and sirtving. for their edtisfabtion tn every bays the party - Gb the gane tint te strtutig te formulate the common denanda ' (acceptable to tte potential allies. Jnasnueh aa other social ἮΝ
Τα are likepjae titerested in the atruggla acainst ἐδ -GQppreseton of monopolies, ἐὰ ἴδ comparatively easy to dtstoven common demandd. Dut evan in this φαθθ) aa expertence shows, 1 δ 18. tanobatble to redoh an agreenent at once of G22 the - ;
τς pétntse “Lhe platfora for unity of aettons -ta worked oud -
| ‘Gradugliyy beginning wtth particular prdblexe. This permite — the Goliaborating partiea te becone mutually eonvinced of ἮΝ .
“the etnoerigy of intentiona and. to develop treat. in aach ~~
other. And the trust 18. ἃ highly tidtepengable eleneit, - without, wkteh no untted front dan. be strongs, | a
. gonceeatona ts an trportant condttion for a iabor party
wishing to organtae the dooperazton of heterogeneous olaas forces. Ve Te DENI considered such a akt2l-an absolute neconalty for α. olass-donsotous vanguard of the verking
A_pkil) 40 nike conprontees and to rake necoaaarn | ΝΕ
-_.Oda8a, Without thia, satd he, t& δ imposatble to conelude
. On Qlliahee etther with the tindiuidusl groups of working τ peoplé, or with the: middle etrata tnevttabliy shouting vactinw © lation and inconatetancy. “those wha had not inderstood
wo OD =
. ν ΠῚ π-- ΄΄΄ Ξ π“5- ON ee j ar - ee « - 4 -
* Ι τ 7 * - * ~ -
- - " , - -
‘ ᾿ ᾿ - -
“ ᾿ Ο ΄ ; Q hy Ν
ἐπ," wrotd LEVIN, “had not understood one tata of Marztan and of the nodern sotentific soctalian genorally.”
| * Not retreating from tts princtplea ansuing fron. | - Karztaé idedlogys the revoluétonary pariy of the working cdiass. abthe sane tine dtaplays flexibility and takea into constdera~ ston legitinate tntereata of other soatdd and political forces untied tn ἃ blooe It ta ‘taportant, however, taught LEVIN, that eonprontacas and concesatons would lead not tovard the dowiring, but toward rdtatng-of the general Jeved of elase~ conosotouandsa. of thé advanced part of the working elasa and
of tte ability ta fight and wine
ΝΕ How does it look tn αούθαλ foot? ΤΌΣ ἐπδέαποαῦ, one of the most important prinetples of soctaitan, sound with. the very essence of the new soctal systém replacing gapitalisny, proaiaing’$ a. private aapttaliet tnduatry should be nattonal= tzéde In practicad, thta prinotple nay bey homduery, realized by various nethodae Although a vidtortoue working clase. iias a legitinate rtght to take atoy. fron copttalista thezr property |
8
1
gained by explottation, valuing the serutjees of certatn bourgeot stratas who paritotpated in the antimondpoly struggle, {τέ may make conagastins to then, After victory of the revoluttony
- ἐδ mey preserue the property of middle bourgeotete in tta
- handa, 4 peopie's state can aven render aid to tt (through ὦ. -"
credita, Τα natertalg, tae privileges, ar. by providing αὐ
. guaranteed market). it ἐλ, in the futures @ question wi 12 artee on a conpletion of nattonalization in the entire national edonomy, the State may carry th gut peavefully, gradually, taking into constderatton Jegttinate intereats of the owners; for example, by ποασπᾷ of redenptton, tees, by providing ἃ eertatn compensation for thers :
-
This exanple Gonfirna ened more that conmuntate dot ἢ,
sincerely when contng aut with .a proposed on Goliabordatione - They do not give unrealistic promises but bring ous tn the _ Progran of a untted front oniy that whieh the working class
can actually guarentéd to tte alijes after the viotory. Their coneesstong and conpromises have a deep foundation and agree _ with the way comnuntata visualtze to thenselucs ἃ possibility — of butiding of soctaiten in colisborasion vith thet allies . . tn the derooratio fronts Such ἃ comnunisé Line ta very triooréens to the akecesa of a policy of demogratioc unitye
- Jn shoutig polttiéal fiewtdt2ttys domnuntet hart ted put up at the sane tine ἃ vigorous oppoattion ἐδ revtatontat
~ 30 »
--
"Ἔ .
| ΄
Clenentsé who are ready to nake unpringipled ἀδαλδ, ἃ result ΟΡ mich could be a dissoiution of comuntet parties in the
| general national novérénts;-& 1088 by than of thetr independ=. fore and findilys the weakening of the unity. of cenocratic
— f OPCES. ᾿ ᾿
ΝΣ On reaching poltiétead agreénont, the working party. inevitably strives to consolidate ἐξ preantentiona o A - united front becomes σα. potmrful force only ta7dase when the ὁ ‘allies ge not tne thengelued to the declaration of comnunity.. |. of Ging Sut necdssartly agree on é¢reatton of a untted: organte , nation (in the forn of-a Hone Front, Front of Hattonal-Denooratte Unity, etee). gnd on huthal cotiona within, the fraréwork of thta . organization, Thie means a formation of a coord{nating organs where a united policy ta worked out Jointly, aa well cs a fira understanding that collaborating aideé submit to Jotntiy adopted Tesolutiong, AIL this, of courses does not pean the abodstiorm, of orgenizetional oad poltttoa] tndependence of the partied.
Gnd nouveronts belonging to the untted fronts © 69ΖΠΎΟ
: ghee yanouard rose of ἃ Maretgt sarty of the working Ri gen. in the democratic bloo 8 seateved by Vi at a result of ' ὲδ active and solfidss struggle, of the rightness. of tte Political Zine, tts sk¥Jl in οὐ γον evaluating ἃ ettuation Guery tine and bringing out elogane instantly adopted by the. BESSege th shorty tha guiding infiuence of the workerg ! party ta a result of tte okn political activity and not of - gone pressure or divicte. Hhen the party ta carrying euts the Ὁ Tight poltey, chen. the entire people. ta listening to tta vetce ard ito cuthority grows by the hours, other polieteal parties Gnd groups thénsciues recognize ste guiding influence and hand quer to it the evotsive voice in the workiny out ofa ὁ
poltey of & unite srante The aupertenda of people te dendcraoles. denonstrated
. -
‘thet vietory af the ἀσποογαξίο δλὸς dodgy not exclude the - | ‘ atéeupte by the right ving of hoiirgeote parties to puah ‘the - Ὁ “borkers’ party amy fron leddersktip, .80 ae to hinder the carry= tng out of urgent sodte2 reforns. But the sare enpéertence . Shows that, after vinning sympathy and oupport of the baste _ maoa of morbershtp of bourgeoto-denocratio parties, a Larzitst workera! party eucecedg in taolating their righting leadera, in oonseltdsting the unity of the denoeratio bloe aid beginning the movorent along the rond oy radical social refers.
The leading role of a warsted pérty ἐπι α denooratie i | -
| blog does not nean ot all that t% gan dictate and-command. - Zuen when tt has a najoritys τὲ avotds foreing through ἐξα - dectstonss but strives for their unanimous adoption through @zplanation and persuaston. If thé party uaed wethode of Gtotatorshin, ptthout conaiderthg Jéegttinate tnteresta of tta alites, 4% would run the risk of losing then, findtag riself alone and thus failing to reach the goats of thie denoaratic blog, Comruntete are interested not in Raking a a yenporary uae of thetr partnere tn the demooratio db2ec and ' hen dtocarding then, os redettonary propaganda insists. Ci the contrary, they wish ἐσ continue @ further marching “together, towird a Γὰδ salution of ail the démooratice | “ problema, touard the best δου ϑήαοξίοη of the Just denands_ | ' Of the dbroadeat strate of the people, witch is possible ondy under gocialisn« <A method of paraiagton ta: the prinetpal Ὁ τὶ method of party wirk within the δῖοσ, whiohs hdwivers, dogs _ not elimtnata the right to eritiotre the vagtilatione and | tnoonstatenctes of the partnsre, as well αὐ te garry on a ον coats tye struggle againat the open. endnies of unttys active ." ΕΣ - ὅπ thetr -rankde - | .
_ - «&é the sang time, communists do not bake a deorots ὁ of the faot that not all thé wenands of onali~hourgeota strata of the population aré supported by then, The working Ciabe nay have connon tnttrests with these etrata, dyut tt- Glso has conflicts. Comnuntat parties take thiag Inte con~ nideration im advances ant thén neaéssary they firmiy atate _ thetr poatéton vith regard to particular demands unaeeeptable to the working olasae Unity ts sehteved not through ondless | coneeastokys but through a resolute support of the juat denanda of the aliies of the working olaga and, οὐ the sane tines, by the struggle egatust vactliation of a certain part of then dangerous to She common goals of thé people la unites fronts
_ fhe carrying out-of a policy of ‘the dendaratia unity
: Ys Ynnosetdle otthout a deatvive struggle aguinss seotzrignisn
_ and plohteving opnortunian. In a pertod df @atebiishment of ᾳ dbroad. front, @ particular danger te represented by the τὰ δ | wing seatarian oleients, far through thetr unutizingness £6 considar the legitinate interedte of other strata of the popue- | Iatton,; they altenate potential alites fron the working olasa, . but whan a untted front heepnesa fatty rightewing opportuntén way baopke @ particulay dahger, singe tt, completely surrenders © to the demands of bourgeots allies, weakens the tndepandent - poaition of the revolutionary party of the working oles’, and 4ltdes down to poatiiona of bourgeota. n¢ttonaltane .
cs 29 od if
me
“Ἔα
_. Dtppfieulttes encountered th the derrying out ὁ α poltey of tha. donporitte unity are parttonldrly great 4a
- the oountrtéa of Testern Europe, where anticonnunist pre- -
judtecs are 811} strong, where the working olass hae to dead with auch an experienced ant eunntng eneny ae ἔδοξέ Furopean Ὁ bourceotste. Comnuntets are oppotcd th theae countrica by
ποθ and reacurceful beurgeots parties eepertendced in
dacetuing the nagaéa by the nost “Gerdearatio” and “peace ~ loving" phrases, Ueuepthe2eau, ‘connunias parties are atubq bornly working on the fargtng of a powerful nattona2 denooratic FTont against captialiet monopolies, whieh will bar the road ae rage tan and var and ΚΔ open the road to a further goetal
Be » ᾿
ν᾿ ὃς +
(Transietor’g Note} Thta 18 the end. 0 f Chapter 24,"
payee 976 through 402, of the ortginaly the Sollowtng ta a
translation of pages 402 ~ <04 of thé ortytnats)
ss Montrary ta α11 the wished and taloulationa of reaotion, its. attenpte fo dintt op diguidate denoordcy brought to. life powerful oppoolig foresee. Tt ἐδ prodtaely becaust the tnfringenany on demoorddy involves interests of the most diverse classes and strata of the population, an objovtive posatbslity- appedrsa for an. eatedblioknent in captidltet daountries of a brodd
front of the struggle for denodraoys
δ᾽ braadenthg of the sobtal hase of the dorisoratia haverenve Lhe nost taportant reedrue for the growth of the-- demporatio ovement ta a gnarl bourgeotats, In noting the Gualtty of position of the arali bourgeoisie, Vs Ty LENIN:
Urote: ‘Nareten teaches us that exali-bourgeots masaey wilt
tnevitably auffer from anbtéensorattie privileges as Jong aa |
_ Capttalien cutatserssaufror from econonic oppression, ”
tn the city as wi ae jn the country, generdting in tt a feelin - ing of bttterness and proteot, Lut indignation of a arall ᾿
ΠΣ Ι ΝΕ .
4
Lonopoly ai, straigdea and rutng δα bourgeoitate